• Mycobiology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.68-73
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• 2003

Roots of Glycine max and Miscanthus sinensis and soil samples were collected from various field sites at Goesan, Chungbuk in Korea. Microscopic observations of the roots indicated high colonization rates of both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) and other fungi. The partial small subunit of ribosomal DNA genes were amplified with the genomic DNA extracted from their roots by nested polymerase chain reaction(PCR) with universal primer NS1 and fungal specific primers AML Restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) was analyzed using the combinations of three restriction enzymes, HinfI, AluI and AsuC21. Nucleotides sequence analysis revealed that ten sequences from Miscanthus sinensis and one sequence from Glycine max were close to those of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Also, 33% of total clones amplified with NS31-AM1 primers from M. sinensis and 97% from G. max were close to Fusarium oxysporum or other pathogenic fungi, and they were successfully distinguished from AME Results suggested that these techniques could help to distinguish arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from root pathogenic fungi in the plant roots. Especially, DNA amplified by these primers showed distinct polymorphisms between AMF and plant pathogenic species of Fusarium when digested with AsuC21.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate into the distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the greenhouse soils grown strawberry plants in Damyang and Jangheung districts. Twenty three soil samples were collected from strawberry plants under greenhouse conditions, and mycorrhizal spores in soils were separated using wet-sieving methods. Number of mycorrhizal spores per 30g fresh soil sized over 500${\mu}$m, 355~500${\mu}$m, 251~354${\mu}$m, 107~250${\mu}$m and $45{\sim}106{\mu}m$ were 0.3, 1.0, 4.2, 50.4 and 119, etc. Total number of spores per 30g fresh soil were l73.9. Root infection by vesicles and hyphae were 25% and 4%, respectively. Mycorrhizal root infection by arbuscules was not shown in strawberry roots. Isolated mycorrhizal spores were inoculated into the host plant of sudangrass to identify the genus of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and propagated for 4 months. As a result of identification, mass propagated mycorrhizal spores were Glomus sp., Gigaspora sp., and Acaulospora sp., and so on.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2004

The diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) was investigated in cultivated and natural fold sites or chungbuk, Korea. soils were collected from rhizosphere or Sorghum bicolor, Fagopyrum esculentum and Glycine max in cultivated sites, and of Miscanthus sinensis, Glycine soja and Lespedeza cuneata in natural sites. Total 20 species of Glomalean fungi were found in this study. Species richness, species diversity and density of AM fungi were significantly lower in the arable sites. While only AM fungal spores belong to Glomus and Acaulospora were found in arable fold sites, more diverse fungal spores including Gigasporaceae were found in natural grasslands. AM fungal spore composition did not significantly differ among crop plant species. Results suggest that the agricultural practices were significantly influenced on AM fungal community structures and mycorrhizal developments.

• Mycobiology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.34-37
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• 2006

Growth responses of Zea mays and Glycine max to colonization by mixture of combination of three species of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, two species of Glomus and a species of Scutellospora were compared. In Zea mays, plants inoculated with single species of AM fungi showed significantly higher in dry weight than non-mycorrhizal plant for all three AM fungal species. Also, growth of plants inoculated with spores of two species of AM fungi was significantly higher than nonmycorrhizal control except for plants inoculated with two Glomus species. When three species of AM fungi were inoculated, the plants showed the highest growth. In Glycine max, plants with single AM fungal species inoculation were not significantly different in plant growth from nonmycorrhizal plants. When the plants were inoculated with combination of two or more AM fungal species, their growth significantly increased compared to nonmycorrhizal plants. In both plant species, mycorrhizal root colonization by Scutellospora species was significantly lower than by Glomus species.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.77-88
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• 1999

소나무류의 뿌리나 토양에서 분리된 균근균의 배양특성 비교와 인공접종에 의한 소나무 묘목에의 균근형성을 시도하였다. 소나무류 균근균은 다양한 생장특성을 지니고 있었는데, 배지별 생장에서 민자주방망이버섯(Ln73/92)은 PDA 에서, Paxillus sp.는 FDA 에서, 알버섯(FRI91017)은 Hagem배지에서, 나머지 균근균들은 MP배지에서 생장이 양호하였다. 용도나 pH를 달리한 배양조건에서 대부분의 균근균들은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 생장이 양호하였으나 모래밭버섯(FRI91004와 Pt 1)은 $30^{\circ}C$가 최적온도였고, pH도 균근균의 종류에 따라 약산성에서부터 약알칼리성에 이르기까지 최적 pH가 다양하였다. 생장시에 선호하는 탄소원의 종류도 균근균의 종류에 따라 다양하였으나 탄소원으로 xylose를 첨가한 배지에서는 모든 균근균의 생장이 불량하였다. 질소원은 $KNO_3$ 또는 asparagine을 선호하는 종류가 많았고 urea를 첨가한 배지에서는 거의 모든 균근균이 생장하지 못하였다. 균근균을 해송묘목에 인공접종하여 균근균을 형성시킨 결과, 모래밭버섯인 Pt1균주만 3개월만에 성공적으로 균근을 형성하여 외생균근의 전형적인 특징인 두꺼운 균사막으로 덮인 분지된 세근이 관찰되었으며 조직염색법에 의해 처리된 균근형성뿌리의 횡단절단면을 Nomarski interference microscope로 관찰하여 표피세포에 형성된 fungal mantle과 피층세포에 형성된 Hartig net을 확인하였다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.38-50
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• 1993

내생균근 균이 포함된 토양을 이용하여 4종류의 식물인 수수, 돌콩, 차풀 및 참깨를 재배하여, arbucular mycorrhizae의 감염도 및 포자 증식을 조사 하였다. 감염율의 변화는 계속하여 50일까지 증가하고 있는 반면에 포자생성은 30일 이후에 증가율이 감소하는 것이 관찰되었다. 이로써, AM 감염도는 포자생성과 상관관계를 갖지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 다양한 지역의 토양을 포트배양하여 포자의 증식을 조사하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 다양한 토양을 이용하여 포트배양한 결과 많은 양의 새로운 포자를 얻을 수 있었으며, 82개 토양 중 43개 토양에서 포자의 증식이 관찰되었으며 4속 15종의 포자가 동정되었다. 포트배양한 토양의 pH를 조사한 결과 pH에 따라 포자의 생성이 일정한 경향을 보였으며, 대체로 낮은 pH에서 많은 포자 증식을 관찰하였다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.203-206
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• 2017

The soil organisms that develop beneficial Symbiotic relationships with plants roots and contribute to plant growth are mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculations change the growth and biochemical composition of the host plant and soil. Mycorrhizal root systems do augment the absorbing area of roots from 10 to 100 times thereby greatly improving the ability of the plants to utilize the soil resources. A pot experiment was conducted during the kharif seasons at Jaipur, Rajasthan, to find out the effects of three different indigenous AM fungi i.e. Glomus mosseae, Glomus fasciculatum and Gigaspora decipiens either single and in combination inoculation on biochemical and histochemical changes of Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) grown under barren soil conditions. The AM fungus has shown to improve the tolerance of plant to drought stress. Experimental results showed that AM fungi treated plants improved their plants growths, biochemical and histochemical changes as compared to non-mycorrhizal treatments. The AM fungi inoculated plant was found to be attaining maximum plant biochemical and histochemical substances in Glomus mosseae (alone) and also Glomus mosseae + Glomus fasciculatum treatments.

• Mycobiology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.72-76
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• 2009

To investigate the growth response of various crop species to mycorrhizal inoculation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were applied to Glycine max, Vigna angularis, Senna tora, Hordeum vulgare var. hexastichon. Zea mays, Sorghum bicolor, Allium tuberosum, Solanum melongena, and Capsicum annuum. The biomass of the inoculated crops was measured every two weeks for the 12-week growth period. By measuring biomass, we calculated the mycorrhizal responsiveness of the nine crop species. Among the nine crop species, four species showed a significant response to mycorrhizal inoculation. The shoot biomasses of V. angularis, C. annuum, A. tuberosum, and S. tora significantly increased with mycorrhizal inoculation.

• Mycobiology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2018

A new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota), Acaulospora koreana, was isolated from forest soils in South Korea. This novel fungus was collected from the rhizosphere of Lindera obtusiloba and Styrax obassia in forest and propagated with Sorghum bicolor in pot. Morphological characteristics of spores of A. koreana are rarely distinguished from Acaulospora mellea, which is reported as one of the most abundant mycorrhizal species in Korea. However, molecular evidence of rDNA sequence using improved primers for glomeromycotan fungal identification strongly supported that A. koreana is different from A. mellea but also any other species belonging to the genus Acaulospora. This is the first novel glomeromycatan fungus introduced in South Korea, but it suggests that there is a high possibility for discovering new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi considering the abundance of plant species and advanced phylogenetic analysis technique.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.204-215
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• 1992

우리나라 4개 도(경기, 충북, 경북, 전북)의 9개 지역에서 19종의 콩과식물 주변으로부터 65곳 토양 표본을 채취, 내생균근균을 분리동정하여 생태학적 분석을 하였다. 그 결과 4속 21종이 발견되었고, Glomus속이 47.6%로서 출현빈도가 가장 높았고 Gigaspora속은4.8%로서 다른 속에 비해 빈도가 아주 낮았다. 콩과식물 주변 토양에서 가장 보편적으로 발견되는 내생균근균의 종은 Acaulospora laeuis와 Glomus laminated spores cf. macrocarpus var. macrocarpus.였다. 19종 콩과식물 중 Cassia mimosoides var. nomame와 Kummerowia striata의 두 식물 주변토양에서 내생균근균의 종수가 가장 많이 관찰되었다. 분리된 내생균근균의 포자수는 토양(건조하지 않은 토양임) 10g당 $0.3{\sin}10$개로 나타났다. 생태적으로 교란된 지역과 자연생태의 식생에서 채집한 콩과식물 주변토양의 내생균근균의 종 다양성을 비교한 결과 교란된 지역이 높은 것으로 나타났다.