• 약학회지
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.332-337
• /
• 1994

Using germinal and somatic cell mutation assaying systems of Drosophila melanogaster, effects of Ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts on the in vivo mutagenicity induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) were investigated. For these purpose, the attached-X method and the mwh/flr spot test system which are an X-linked lethal mutation and a somatic chromosome mutation assaying system, respectively, were used. In the induction of X-linked lethal mutations during the spermatogenesis, MNNG showed more actions in the sperm and spermatid stages, in which Ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts had remarkable inhibitory effects than other stages. Ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts reduced the mutagenicity by MNNG in the mwh/flr system, which reveal that they can inhibit gene mutation, deletion and mitotic chromosomal recombination. These results seem to suggest that Ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts may exert their inhibitory effects to in vivo mutagenic and/or carcinogenic properties of DNA-damaging agents.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.305-309
• /
• 1998

Human cytochrome P450 1A2 is one of the major cytochrome P450s in human liver. It is known to be capable of activating a number of carcinogens such as arylamines and heterocyclic amines. In order to develop the new bacterial mutagenicity test system with human P450, a full length of human P450 1A2 cDNA inserted into pCW bacterial expression vector was introduced to Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA strain which is a well-known E. coli strain for bacterial reverse mutagenicity assay. Expressed human P450 1A2 showed typical P450 hemoprotein spectra. Maximum expression was achieved at 48 hrs after incubating at $30^{\circ}C$ in terrific broth containing ampicillin, IPTG and other supplements. High level expression of P450 1A2 in E. coli WP2 uvrA membranes was determined in SDS-PAGE. The well-known mutagens 2-aminoanthracene and MElQ increased the revertant colonies of E. coli WP2 uvrA expressing human P450 1A2 without an exogenous rat hepatic post-mitochondrial supernatant (S9 fraction) in a dose-dependent manner. The results show that the functional expression of human P450 in bacterial mutagenicity tester strain will provide a useful tool for studying the mechanism of the mutagenesis and carcinogenesis of new drugs and environmental chemicals.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.375-378
• /
• 1989

돼지고기, 쇠고기, 생선의 숯불구이시 지방질 함량과 양념 중의 소금농도가 돌연변이 유발능에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 Salmonella typhimurium TA98과 TA100 균주를 사용하여Ames test를 수행하였다. 숯불구이한 육류의 클로로포름: 메탄올(1:1) 추출액은 TA 100 균주보다는 frameshift 돌연변이가 유발되는 TA98 균주에서 더 예민한 반응을 나타내었다. 돼지고기, 쇠고기 및 생선에서 지방질 함량이 낮을 때 돌연변이 유발능이 약간 크게 나타났다. 돼지고기와 쇠고기에서 숯불구이전 20% 소금용액으로 처리한 시료는 처리하지 않은 시료보다 돌연변이 유발능이 현저히 감소하였다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.576-579
• /
• 2007

The effects of temperature and Korean bramble (Rubus coreanum Miquel) tissue concentrate on heterocyclic aromatic amine (HAA) formation in fried ground beef patties were investigated. Various amounts of Korean bramble tissue (4.0, 7.0, and 11.0%, w/w) were added to ground beef patties were fried at 2 different temperatures (190 and $225^{\circ}C$) for 10 min/side. It was observed in the fried ground beef patties fried at $190^{\circ}C$ with the addition of 11.0%(w/w) Korean bramble that the mutagenicity decreased by 64%, and formation of 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) and 2-amino-I-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine(PhIP) reduced by 55 and 86%, respectively. Although no difference in total mutagenicity was shown in patties fried at $225^{\circ}C$ with the addition of 4.0, 7.0, and 11.0%(w/w), different levels of reduction of PhIP formation in patties fried at $225^{\circ}C$ with the addition of 4.0, 7.0, and 11.0%(w/w) were shown 49, 63, and 75%, respectively.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제8권5호
• /
• pp.569-574
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to determine the antimutagenic effects of genistein on the somatic mutagenicity induced by aflatoxin B1 (${AFB}_1$), using Drosophila wing spot test system. Mutagen alone or mutagen with genistein were administered to the heterozygous(mwh/+) third instar larvae by feeding, and somatic cell mutations were detected in adult fly wing hairs. Genistein did not show any mutagenicity with the feeding concentrations of 5~15% in the test system. As the feeding concentrations of genistein increased, genistein inhibited the mutagenicity induced by AFB1 (14.6%~62.2% inhibition rate), while as the concentrations of AFB1 increased, small much spots that arise mostly from chromosome deletion and nondisjunction were more strongly suppressed by genistein than the large mwh spots from chromosomal recombination. In each group of different AFB1 concentrations, the rate of inhibition for total mwh spots was dependent on the dose of genistein. These results indicate that genistein have inhibitory effect on the mutagenicity induced by a mtagen, ${AFB}_1$. It seems to suggest that genistein may exert inhibitory effects to mutagenic and/or carcinogenic properties of DNA damaging agents.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.305-312
• /
• 1995

Ixeris dentata was extracted with methanol and then the methanol extract was further fractionated to hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fraction. The methanol extract of lxeris dentata had the strong antimutagenic effect on the aflatoxin B1(AFB1) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) in Ames mutagenicity test and SOS chromotest. Among the solvent extracted fractions from the methanol extract, the chloroform fraction exhibited the greatest antimutagenic effect suppressing the mutagenicity of AFB1 with inhibition rate of 74 percent. The methanol extract of Ixeris dentata also revealed the inhibitory effect on the growth of MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells after 6 days of breeding at 37℃. The chloroform fraction and the ethyl acetate fraction from the methanol extract of lxeris dentata were most effective and inhibited the growth of MG-63 cells by 97 and 93 percent, respectively. It is suggested that the inhibitory effects of lxeris dentata on the mutagenicity and the growth of MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells are strong in the lipid soluble fractions.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.280-285
• /
• 1991

본 연구는 현재 국내에서 사용되고 있는 보리차용 보리와 참깨의 볶음정도와 아울러 Salmonella typhimurium TA98과 TA100 균주를 이용한 Ames test에 의한 돌연변이 유발성 여부를 실험하였다. 시판용 보리차는 갈색도로 보아 볶음정도가 다양함을 알 수 있었고 업소용 보리차는 가정용 보리차에 비해 5배 정도로, 참기름용 참깨는 깨소금용 참깨보다 4배 정도 더 볶아진 것으로 평가되었다. 볶은 보리와 볶은 참개의 수용성, 에탄올 용해성 및 에테르 용해성 성분에 대한 Ames test 결과는 모두 최고의 시험농도에서 돌연변이 유발능이 있다고 단정하기는 어려웠다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.466-470
• /
• 1990

아스콜빈산 (Ascorbic acid, AA)과 Aflatoxin ($B_1\; AFB_1$) 의 반응생성물 ($37^{\circ}C$ pH5에서 5일간 반응) 그리고 산화제(cupric ion, $Cu^{2+}$)와 환원제(cysteine) 존재하에서 얻어진 동 반응생성물의 돌연변이 유발성에 대한 특성을 Salmonella assay system에 의하여 살펴보았다. AA와 $AFB_1$의 반응생성물의 돌연변이 유발성은 대조군인 $AFB_1$의 경우보다 73 감소하였고, $Cu^{2+}$이 첨가된 AA와$AFB_1$반응생성물의 돌연변이 유발성은 더욱 감소되어 거의 돌연변이성을 나타내지 않았다. 그리고 cysteine의 존재하의 AA와 $AFB_1$ 반응생성의 돌연변이 유발성은 $AFB_1$ 단독보다는 약간 낮고, $Cu^{2+}$나 AA+$AFB_1$ 반응생성물보다는 약간 높은 경향을 보였다. 그러므로 AA와 $AFB_1$의 반응 체계에 있어서 AA는 $AFB_1$의 분해 또는 전환에 영향을 주고 있으며 동 반응생성물은 $AFB_1$ 단독이 갖는 돌연변이 유발성보다는 현저히 낮았고 이 때 산화환원제의 존재 역시 돌연변이성에 영향을 주었다.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 2008

Mutagenicity of cigarette smoke is one of the major health concerns related to smoking. Reduction of the components comprising mutagenic activity in cigarette mainstream smoke can be expected to bring about reduced risk of smoking. The purpose of this study is to isolate mutagenic compounds and to investigate the relative contribution to allover mutagenicity of smoke to find clues for the effective elimination of the components. Cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) was obtained from total particulate matter (TPM) of mainstream smoke, and several fractions fractionated from CSC were made by combination of cation exchange chromatograph and reverse-phase chromatography. The mutagenic activity of these fractions was assessed using Salmonella mutagenicity assay with S. typimurium TA98 strain in the presence of metabolic activation system (S-9). The fractions isolated by cation exchange and reverse-phase column showed relatively high mutagenic activity. The basic and hydrophilic fraction 9 showed approximately 33% of mutagenic activity of CSC and its specific activity was 2,459 revertants/mg TPM. These results suggest that hydrophilic cation exchanger and/or other adsorbents possessing similar properties may be used to remove the mutagenic compounds from mainstream smoke.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.450-455
• /
• 1998

한국에 널리 분포하고 있는 곰솔, 리기다, 잣나무, 적송의 에탄올추출물과 각 용매 분획물을 이용하여, in vitro assay로서 spore rec-assay와 Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay법으로 시료자체 변이원성 유무와 4가지 양성변이원 물질(MNNG, 4NQO, Trp-P-1 및 B(a)p)에 대한 돌연변이 억제효과를 고찰하였다. 곰솔, 리기다, 잣나무, 적송의 에탄올 추출물은 spore rec-assay와 S. typhimurium를 이용한 mutagenicity assay에서 변이원성을 나타내지 않았다. 돌연변이 억제 시험에서는 4가지 시료 모두 농도 증가에 따른 억제율을 나타내었고 또 각각의 시료들의 분획물 중 잣나무와 소나무의 에테르 분획물들이 간접변이원인 Trp-P-1의 변이원성에 대하여 다른 분획물에 비하여 높은 억제율을 보여주었다.