• 아동학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.165-181
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of the Orff Approach to music education programs on singing ability, the ability to play musical instruments, physical expression ability, musical improvisation ability as well as overall musical expressiveness in 5 year old children. The test subjects for this study consisted of fifty-eight children. They were arbitrarily assigned to the experimental group of 31 children and the control group of 27 children. The experimental group was engaged using the Orff music education program for a total of 16 sessions, while the control group conducted music activities according to the annual music education plan of M kindergarten. The main results of this study were as follows : The Orff Approach to music education program was effective in improving abilities in the sub-factors of the four kinds of musical expression ability (singing, playing musical instruments, physical expression and musical improvisation) as well as overall musical expressive abilities. These results indicate that the Orff Approach to music education programs can create positive effects in the developing musical expressiveness of young children.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제91권4호
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• pp.417-426
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• 2024

Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising avenue for enhancing musical structures. In this study, we analyze the static behavior of laser harp (i.e., electronic musical instrument) reinforced with Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. Leveraging the piezoelectric properties of ZnO nanoparticles, the structure is subjected to an electric field for intelligent control. The electronic musical structure is situated in a foundation with vertical springs and shear modulus constants. We employ the exponential Shear Deformation Beam Theory (ESDBT) to mathematically model the structure. A micro-electro-mechanical model is employed to determine the equivalent properties of the system. By utilizing nonlinear stress-strain relations, energy methods, and Hamilton's principle, we derive the motion equations. The buckling load of the electronic musical beam is calculated using the Difference Quadrature Method (DQM). The primary objective of this study is to present a mathematical model for electronic musical beams and determining the buckling load of the structure and to investigate the influence of nanotechnology and electric fields on its buckling behavior. The buckling is the case when the structure becomes deforms and unstable. Our findings reveal that the application of negative external voltage to the electronic musical structure increases both the stiffness and the buckling load of the musical system. Furthermore, reinforcing the electronic musical structure with ZnO nanoparticles results in an increased buckling load. Notably, the maximum enhancement in the 28-day compressive and tensile strengths of samples containing zinc oxide nanoparticles compared to the control sample resulting in increases of 18.70% and 3.77%, respectively.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.125-137
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• 2008

This study used path analysis to investigate the effect of home environment and teacher variables on children's musical ability and attitudes. Participants were 235 children, their parents and 13 teachers of kindergartens located in G city in Gyeongbuk Province. Instruments were the Primary Measurement of Music Audiation(Gordon, 1986), the Music Teaching Efficacy Instrument(Riggs & Enochs, 1990), and questionnaires about children's musical attitudes, home environment and music activities. Results showed that teacher variables affected children's musical ability directly and indirectly and children's attitude affected their musical ability directly. Psychological and physical variables of the home environment affected children's musical ability and attitudes positively.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2004

본 논문은 멀티미디어 기술을 활용한 ICT 기반 초등학교 가락짓기 교육의 유용성과 타당성을 검증함에 그 목적이 있다. 최근 몇 년 사이 컴퓨터의 급속한 발달과 함께 더불어 눈부신 발전을 보이고 있는 멀티미디어 기술은 음악 교과가 가진 특성과 맞물려 음악 교육의 다양한 문제점을 극복하고 학생의 음악적 기능과 지식의 발달을 충족할 수 있는 새로운 대안이 될 것으로 기대되고 있다. 특히, 많은 초등학교 교사들과 학생들이 교육과 학습 과정에서 어려움을 겪고 있는 가락짓기 교육에 ICT 기반 음악 교육을 도입할 경우 그 교육적 효과가 지대할 것으로 기대되고 있다. 본 논문의 ICT기반 가락짓기 교육 방법은 전통적인 이론 학습과 악기를 활용한 가락짓기 수업의 한계와 문제점을 파악하고 이를 개선하기 위한 방법의 하나로 초등학생에게 컴퓨터 프로그램 사용법을 지도한 후 음악 창작 수업에 이를 적용시킴으로써 전통적인 수업방식에 비해 단시간에 효과를 극대화하고 교과서에서 제시된 수준 이상의 가락짓기 능력을 신장시켰다.

• 대한청각학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.178-188
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: The influence of musical aptitude on cognitive test performance in musicians is a long-debated research question. Evidence points to the low performance of nonmusicians in visual and auditory cognitive tasks (working memory and attention) compared with musicians. This cannot be generalized to all nonmusicians, as a sub-group in this population can have innate musical abilities even without any formal musical training. The present study aimed to study the effect of musical aptitude on the working memory and selective attention. Subjects and Methods: Three groups of 20 individuals each (a total of 60 participants), including trained-musicians, nonmusicians with good musical aptitude, and nonmusicians with low musical aptitude, participated in the present study. Cognitive-based visual (Flanker's selective attention test) and auditory (working memory tests: backward digit span and operation span) tests were administered. Results: MANOVA (followed by ANOVA) revealed a benefit of musicianship and musical aptitude on backward digit span and Flanker's reaction time (p<0.05). Discriminant function analyses showed that the groups could be effectively (accuracy, 80%) segregated based on the backward digit span and Flanker's selective attention test. Trained musicians and nonmusicians with good musical aptitude were distinguished as one cluster and nonmusicians with low musical aptitude formed another cluster, hinting the role of musical aptitude in working memory and selective attention. Conclusions: Nonmusicians with good musical aptitude can have enhanced working memory and selective attention skills like musicians. Hence, caution is required when these individuals are included as controls in cognitive-based visual and auditory experiments.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.178-188
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: The influence of musical aptitude on cognitive test performance in musicians is a long-debated research question. Evidence points to the low performance of nonmusicians in visual and auditory cognitive tasks (working memory and attention) compared with musicians. This cannot be generalized to all nonmusicians, as a sub-group in this population can have innate musical abilities even without any formal musical training. The present study aimed to study the effect of musical aptitude on the working memory and selective attention. Subjects and Methods: Three groups of 20 individuals each (a total of 60 participants), including trained-musicians, nonmusicians with good musical aptitude, and nonmusicians with low musical aptitude, participated in the present study. Cognitive-based visual (Flanker's selective attention test) and auditory (working memory tests: backward digit span and operation span) tests were administered. Results: MANOVA (followed by ANOVA) revealed a benefit of musicianship and musical aptitude on backward digit span and Flanker's reaction time (p<0.05). Discriminant function analyses showed that the groups could be effectively (accuracy, 80%) segregated based on the backward digit span and Flanker's selective attention test. Trained musicians and nonmusicians with good musical aptitude were distinguished as one cluster and nonmusicians with low musical aptitude formed another cluster, hinting the role of musical aptitude in working memory and selective attention. Conclusions: Nonmusicians with good musical aptitude can have enhanced working memory and selective attention skills like musicians. Hence, caution is required when these individuals are included as controls in cognitive-based visual and auditory experiments.

• 아동학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.101-123
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine how musical pieces were presented in music activities on the Teacher's Guidebooks in order for young children to experience the aesthetics of music. For the purposes of this research, the ways to address musical elements and the music activities of 100 musical works in the Teacher's Guidebooks were analyzed. In addition, the aesthetic qualities of the same musical pieces presented by the sound sources were examined. Following this, an analysis of the relationship between the elements used and the aesthetic qualities of the music was carried out by comparing the previous analysis. The results were as follows. First, melody (38.1%), rhythm (29.0%), and timbre (20.5%) were the most utilized elements of musical works in such activities. Secondly, the most utilized method to present music activities was singing. Among 100 musical pieces, 74 pieces used singing activities. Next, the most audible aesthetic quality from sound sources was that of the melody, presented in 69 pieces (46.6%) among 100 musical works. Lastly, among 100 musical works, at least 64 pieces were matched with more than one, whereas 34 did not.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.154-161
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of musical therapy and the differences of two different ways of musical therapy: the closed musical therapy using a headset and the open musical therapy using cassette player. Methods: his study was designed with the non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The research cases were 60 spinal and epidural anesthesia surgery patients at K University Hospital in C city from January 3, to March 31, 2005. We measured trait & state anxiety, blood sugar level, vital signs. The group was divided into two: experimental and control group. Results: 1) There are no significant differences between an experimental group and a control group in homogeneity test. 2) We can see that musical therapy during operations stabilizes blood pressure, and reduces sugar level in blood, and decreases psychological anxiety. 3) And the closed musical therapy has more obvious and significant effects than the open musical therapy. Conclusion: We could conclude our study here saying musical therapy during operations is necessary in easing patients' anxieties. More advanced researches on the subject are required to prove validity of the findings in our pilot study.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2020

한국의 뮤지컬 산업은 'K-Musical'이라는 새로운 명칭으로 브랜드화 되어 급성장하고 있다. K-Musical의 성장은 단기간에 이루어진 것이 아니라 한류 문화 콘텐츠가 성장됨에 따라 자연스럽게 형성되었다. 그 영향으로 한류의 바람이 한국의 뮤지컬에 불고 있으며 새로운 문화의 거점을 이루고 있다. 큰 성장세를 보였던 2012년 상반기에는 공연시장 상승규모 중 뮤지컬이 24% 상승되었고, 하반기에도 최소 20% 성장하여 2013년 3000억 원대에 진입하였다. 이는 신설된 뮤지컬 전용 공연장에서 좋은 성과를 이루었고 창작 뮤지컬의 성공에서 기인한 것으로 국내 뮤지컬 작품을 해외에 수출하는 기반이 되었다. 나아가 2018년 집계된 국내 뮤지컬 판매액은 2571억 원을 기록하여 전년에 비해 29%로 대폭 상승한 것을 알 수 있다. 한국의 뮤지컬 시장을 아시아로 확대하고 아시아 뮤지컬 산업의 중심이 될 수 있는 전략적 접근이 필요한 중요한 시기라고 할 수 있다. 이에 K-Musical 산업의 지속적인 성장을 위해 일본과 중국의 현황을 파악 하고 대비하는 것도 중요하다. 본 연구를 통해 아시아의 중심으로써 한국의 뮤지컬 산업이 지속적으로 뮤지컬 산업을 이끌어나갈 수 있는 전략과 방안을 제시해 보고자 하였다. 이를 통해 한국의 뮤지컬 콘텐츠 산업이 아시아 뮤지컬 산업과 함께 공존하고 발전하여 한시적이 아닌 지속적인 산업이 될 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.127-139
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• 2021

본 연구는 현대 뮤지컬 양식에 나타난 다양한 음악 장르를 시연하기 위해, 대표적인 뮤지컬 노래 장르를 선택하고 노래를 위한 발성스케일의 적용을 제시하였다. 뮤지컬 음악 장르는 뮤지컬 양식의 변화에 따라 1900년대 초반을 뮤지컬 초기, 1940-1960년대를 뮤지컬 중기, 또는 뮤지컬의 황금기, 1970년대 이후를 현대 뮤지컬로 나위면서 다양하게 등장한다. 뮤지컬 양식사의 변화에 따라 음악이 장르와 노래의 창법도 다변화 되었다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 대단위 분류로써 뮤지컬의 대표적인 장르로 <클래식 브로드웨이(Classic Broadway), 컨템퍼러리 브로드웨이(Contemporary Broadway), 재즈/블루스(Jazz/Blues), 팝/록(Pop/Rock)>을 선정하고, 소단위 분류로써 음악 장르를 대표할 수 있는 작품 5개와 대표 노래 5개를 선정하였다. 각 음악 장르를 대표하는 노래를 창법은 크게 <오페라의 유령>의 레짓, <인어공주>의 팝, <지저스 크라이스트 수퍼스타>의 락, <헤어스프레이>의 재즈/블루스, <해밀턴>의 힙합과 랩으로 나누어 발성 스케일을 제시하였다. 연구의 분석을 통해 뮤지컬 역사에 나타난 시대적 요구에 따라 다양한 음악이 뮤지컬의 재료로 사용되었으며, 이에 따라 다양한 창법이 필요하다는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 대표적인 5장르와 5작품을 선정하여 분석의 범위를 제한하였지만, 후속 연구를 통해 확대하고자 한다. 향후 이를 바탕으로 뮤지컬 보컬 교육의 다양성과 발성법을 연구하는 다각적인 후속 연구가 이루어지길 기대한다.