• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2018

본 연구는 토트백이 젊은 여성의 작은가슴근 두께와 위등세모근의 긴장도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 확인하였다. 습관적으로 토트백을 들고 다니는 27명의 여성이 본 연구에 동원되었다. 대상자들은 대상자들의 체중의 0 %, 5 %, 7.5%, 10 % 무게에 해당하는 토트백을 한쪽 손목으로 들고 있는 동안 작은가슴근의 두께와 위등세모근의 긴장도를 측정하였다. 가방의 무게가 증가할수록 위등세모근의 긴장도는 유의하게 증가되었으며(p<.05), 작은가슴근의 두께 역시 가방 무게에 따라 유의하게 증가되는 것을 확인하였다(p<.05). 이러한 결과를 바탕으로, 손목으로 토트백을 드는 습관이 젊은 여성의 위등세모근과 작은가슴근에 해로운 영향을 끼칠 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 그러므로, 본 연구는 토트백 즐겨 사용하는 여성들에게 가능하다면 토트백 무게를 감소시킬 것을 제안한다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2020

Purpose : This study aimed to identify whether resistance exercise using elastic bands for six weeks can improve muscle strength, muscle tone, balance, and gait in patients with stroke. Methods : In total, 35 patients with stroke were randomly divided into three groups: resistance exercise using elastic band training combined with less affected side training group, more affected side training group, and both sides training group. Muscle strength, muscle tone, balance, and gait were assessed using a hand-held dynamometer, the modified Ashworth scale, the Berg Balance scale (BBS), and wireless 3-axis accelerometer, before and after training. Results : All three groups showed a significant increase in muscle strength of the lower extremity after training, and there was a significant difference among the groups. There was no change in muscle tone in all three groups. BBS scores increased significantly in all three groups after training, but these scores were not significantly different. The gait speed increased significantly in all three groups after the training, but the difference was not significant. The cadence increased significantly in Group 2 after training; however, there was no significant difference between Groups 1 and 3. There were no significant differences between the groups before and after the training. Step length increased significantly in Groups 2 and 3 after the training, but it was not significantly different in Group 1. After training, Groups 2 and 3 were significantly greater than Group 1 in the change in step length. Conclusion : The results show that resistance exercise using elastic bands can improve strength, balance, and gait in patients with chronic stroke. Especially, more affected side training was more effective in improving muscle strength than less affected side training. More affected side and both sides training are thought to be more effective than less affected side training to improve step length.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.231-240
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• 2019

Purpose : This study aimed to determine whether resistance exercise using elastic bands for 6 weeks could improve the muscle strength, muscle tone, balance and gait among stroke patients. Methods : A total of 11 stroke patients who had agreed to participate in the study were randomly divided into 3 groups receiving elastic band resistance training on their less affected side (experimental group 1, n=4), affected side (experimental group 2, n=3), and both the sides (experimental group 3, n=4). Muscle strength, muscle tone, balance and gait were assessed using a hand-held dynamometer, the modified ashworth scale (MAS), the berg balance scale (BBS), and G-walk respectively, before and after training. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze intergroup changes after the intervention, whereas the Kruskal Wallis H test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze intergroup changes in all variables. Results : Strength in all the muscle, except for the flexor and extensor muscles in the affected knees, was increased in all the groups, however, no significant difference was observed. No change in the muscle tone (MAS) was found in any group. All the groups showed increased BBS scores walking speed, and walking symmetry following training, although, the differences were not significant. Changes in the affected step length of experimental group 1 were significantly greater than those of experimental group 3, whereas changes in the affected step length in experimental group 3 were significantly greater than those of experimental group 2. Conclusion : Our results suggest that resistance exercise using elastic bands are a potential intervention for improving lower extremity muscle strength, balance, and gait among stoke patients.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2020

Purpose: This study sought to determine how the act of performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) affects the rescuer's muscle tone, stiffness, and fatigue in the lumbar region. Methods: The research subjects were 30 healthy men in their twenties in possession of a Basic Life Support (BLS) provider certificate. In this study, the CPR rescuer's muscle tone and stiffness in the upper and lower lumbar regions were measured in the resting position, starting position, and position after 10 min. Their level of fatigue was measured before and after performing CPR. Results: Muscle tone and stiffness in the upper and lower lumbar regions of the research subjects significantly increased throughout the CPR process and lasted up to 10 min after the process (p<.001). The subjects' fatigue also significantly increased post-CPR (p<.001). Conclusion: This study suggests that performing CPR creates muscular and physiological stress, fatigue, and ultimately, lower back pain.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the immediate effects of using the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) contract-relax technique in the close kinetic chain position on the gait ability and gastrocnemius muscle tone of stroke patients. Methods: The subjects were patients who had strokes due to cerebrum infarction and hemorrhage. The subjects participated in exercise with the PNF contract-relax technique in the standing-on-elbow position with a high table, and the affected lower leg was placed in the posterior position. The PNF contract-relax technique was applied at the position in which the ankle plantar-flexors were in a sufficiently elongated position. After performing twice in each range, while the muscle was elongated, the affected side was moved further back and a new range was set. In each session, the time of contraction was set to 8 seconds, and the resting time was set to 5 seconds; however, if the patient felt tired, they received more resting time during the intervention. The Myoton Pro and 10 m walking test were used to measure the muscle tone and gait ability both pre- and post-intervention. Results: After participating in the program, the muscle tone decreased and the gait ability improved in the ankle plantar-flexors, as determined by the Myoton Pro and 10 m walking test. Conclusion: The PNF contract-relax technique can help to decrease muscle tone in ankle plantar-flexors with hypertonus and increase the gait ability in stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the elastic compression stockings and Kinesio taping on muscle activity and mechanical properties in healthy women during the heel raise exercise that causes muscle fatigue. Methods: Participants were divided into the elastic compression stockings group (ESG, n=8), Kinesio taping group (KTG, n=8), and control group (CG, n=8). All participants performed the heel raise exercise to cause muscle fatigue. Muscle activity, stiffness, and the muscle tone of the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior were measured before and after the heel raise exercise. Results: In the gastrocnemius, muscle activity was significantly increased after the heel raise exercise in both the ESG and KTG (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the change in the gastrocnemius muscle activity between the groups (p<0.05). Post hoc analysis showed that the ESG exhibited a significantly greater change in gastrocnemius muscle activity than the CG (p<0.05). The muscle stiffness of the gastrocnemius was significantly decreased after the heel raise exercise in the ESG (p<0.05). The muscle tone of the gastrocnemius was significantly increased after the heel raise exercise in the control group (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the change in the gastrocnemius stiffness and muscle tone between the groups (p>0.05). In the tibialis anterior, there were no significant differences in muscle activity, stiffness, and muscle tone between and within the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the use of elastic compression stockings and Kinesio taping during the heel raise exercise are beneficial and delay muscle fatigue in the gastrocnemius.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4098-4106
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• 2012

본 연구는 경직성 양하지 뇌성마비 아동을 대상으로 하여 체간 근력 강화 운동이 앉은 자세 균형 수행력과 근 긴장도 변화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상자는 대운동 분류 시스템 제 IV단계의 경직성 양하지 뇌성마비 아동 16명을 무작위로 배분하여 주 3회 6주 동안 실시하였고, 실험군은 체간 근력 강화 운동을 대조군은 기본 물리치료만 실시하였다. 체간 근력 강화 운동은 복부근과 배부근 강화를 위한 2가지 운동으로 구성하였다. 대상자들의 균형 수행력 측정은 BPM(Balance Performance Monitor)를 사용하였고 근 긴장도 측정은 MMAS(Modified Modified Ashworth Scale)를 사용하였다. 연구 결과, 앉은 자세 균형수행력 변화에서 실험군과 대조군의 동요거리, 동요속도에서 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<.05), 앉은 자세 균형 수행력 변화 비교에서 실험군과 대조군 사이에 동요속도, 동요거리에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 또한 근긴장도 측정 결과 실험군과 대조군의 무릎관절 굽힘근, 엉덩관절 모음근에서 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p>.05). 따라서 실험군과 대조군 모두에서 균형 수행력 향상이 나타났지만 실험군에서 조금 더 유의하게 향상되었고, 근 긴장도의 변화는 두 군에서 나타나지 않았다. 경직성 양하지 뇌성마비 아동에게 체간 근력 강화 운동은 근 긴장도의 변화 없이 앉은 자세 균형 수행력을 향상시키는데 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.198-205
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 목 디스크 환자에게 기계적 자극을 적용하여 피부 감각의 변화를 유도하고 동일한 척수분절의 통증 역치와 근 긴장도 전-후 변화를 확인하고자 하였다. 이에 목 디스크 질환을 가지고 있는 남성 10명, 여성 20명으로 구성된 대상자를 총 30명 선정하고 실험을 진행하였다. 기계적 자극 그룹은 Graston 장비를 이용하여 5분간 피부 감각 변화를 유도하였고, 대조군은 아무런 조치를 받지 않았다. 피부 감각 변화는 Von Frey filament를 통해 검사를 진행하였고, 압통 역치의 변화는 압통 역치 측정기를 통해 측정하였고, 근 긴장도의 변화는 Myotone pro를 사용하여 측정하였다. 기계적 자극 적용 시 피부 감각의 역치는 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 동일한 척수 분절의 신경 지배를 받는 오른쪽 가시아래근의 압통 역치와 근 긴장도는 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였고(p<0.05), 오른쪽 등세모근의 압통 역치는 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 하지만 다른 근육들의 압통 역치와 근 긴장도는 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 또한, 대조군에서는 피부 감각, 압통 역치, 근 긴장도의 변화가 통계적으로 유의하게 나타나지 않았다. 결과적으로 기계적 자극에 의해 유도된 피부 감각 변화는 동일 척수 분절의 압통 역치와 근 긴장도의 변화시켰다. 따라서 동일 척수 분절에 대한 기계적 자극의 적용을 통해 목 디스크 환자의 압통 역치, 근 긴장도의 증가와 통증 조절을 위한 새로운 재활 방법으로 임상적 의의가 있다고 판단된다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2020

Objective: The shoulders are a particularly an important body part for elite boxers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the upper trapezius (UT), infraspinatus (IS) muscle tone, pain, and isokinetic muscle function of shoulder movements such as external rotation, internal rotation, protraction, and retraction according to the scapular position of elite boxers of the Korean national team. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Using the double square method, the scapular position was measured and divided into the forward scapular position group (n=8) with a measurement distance of 135 mm or more, and the normal scapular position group (n=10) with a measurement distance of less than 135 mm. Through the numeric rating scale of the subject, the pain value displayed during movement was measured. The muscle tone of the subjects' UT and IS were measured. The isokinetic muscle function of ER, IR, protraction, and retraction were measured using isokinetic exercise equipment. Results: The results of this study showed statistically significant differences when comparing muscle tone of the UT and IS, shoulder pain, isokinetic function of ER and IR, protraction, and retraction according to scapular position (p<0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study were that shoulder muscle tone, pain, and isokinetic muscle function were affected according to the scapular position of elite boxers. In the future, this information may be a useful indicator when studying the effects of medium and long-term intervention in elite boxers who possess these characteristics.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study compared the effect of performing gastrocnemius stretching with and without the self-myofascial release of the sole on the active and passive ankle dorsiflexion angles and muscle tone of the gastrocnemius muscle in subjects with short gastrocnemius muscle. METHOD: A total of 23 subjects with short gastrocnemius muscles were included in this study. The study participants were divided into two experimental groups. Group A performed gastrocnemius muscle self-stretching exercises only, while group B performed self-myofascial release of the sole using a massage ball after the gastrocnemius muscle self-stretching exercises. For both groups, the active and passive ankle dorsiflexion angles were measured using a goniometer, and the tone of the gastrocnemius muscle was assessed using the MyotonPRO®. RESULTS: Within-group comparison showed that the participants in both groups A and B had significantly increased active and passive ankle dorsiflexion angles and decreased gastrocnemius muscle tone (p < .05) after performing their respective exercises. However, no significant differences in the said criteria were observed between groups A and B (p>.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that both methods were effective in increasing active and passive dorsiflexion angles and decreasing muscle tone. Thus, it is recommended to tailor gastrocnemius stretching exercises according to the patient's condition. If the patient does not experience discomfort in the plantar fasciae, it is recommended to perform the gastrocnemius stretching exercise only without myofascial release and use a massage ball afterward.