• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2015

사출성형은 플라스틱 제품의 대량생산에 적합한 제조기술이지만 사출성형공정에서 사출품의 휨 변형이 항상 문제가 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전자동 정제분류 포장시스템의 호퍼 제품을 기존의 ABS 수지에서 PP 수지로 변경하는 경우에 생기는 사출품의 휨 변형을 최소로 하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. Moldflow 소프트웨어를 이용하여 호퍼의 사출성형 공정을 해석하여 호퍼의 휨 변형을 최소로 하기위한 게이트의 형상과 리브 형상을 결정하였으며 실 제품의 사출성형을 통해 사출성형 해석결과의 타당성을 입증하였다. 결정성 수지인 PP 재료의 사출성형 시에는 유동선단의 면적이 넒은 경우가 유리하며 리브를 보강하는 것이 휨 변형을 줄일 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.203-218
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 유체 주입 중단과 유발 지진 규모의 관계에 대하여 수리역학적으로 분석하였다. 수리적 해석을 통해 공극압의 구배가 유체 주입 중단으로 인해 완만해짐과 동시에 주입 중단 이후에도 수 시간 동안 압력 선두에서 상당한 임계 공극압에 도달하면서 더 넓은 영역에서 추가적인 전단을 일으킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. 수리역학 복합 해석을 단순화된 균열모델에 적용함으로써 유체 주입 중단 후에 최대 규모의 지진이 발생하는 것을 모사하였고, 유체 주입을 유지하는 경우와의 비교를 통해 급작스런 유체 주입 중단이 지진 유발에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 또한 공극압의 분포 이외에도 단층 간의 기하학적 관계와 응력 재분배 등에 의해 임계 공극압의 구배가 변하며 이것이 유발 지진의 규모 평가에 중요하게 고려되어야 함을 확인하였다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.42-51
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 패브리 페롯 레이저 다이오드(FP-LD : Fabry-Perot LD)에서 활성층 구조에 따른 주입 잠금 특성을 비교하였다. 편광 및 무편광 다중양자우물 구조와 무편광 벌크 구조의 이득 스펙트럼 및 주입 캐리어 밀도에 따른 최대 이득 특성을 TE, TM 편광에 대하여 계산하였다. 계산된 이득 파라미터를 시영역 대신호 모델에 적용하여 FP-LD의 주입 잠금 특성을 확인한 결과, 무편광 FP-LD가 편광 FP-LD 에 비하여 RIN(Relative Intensity Noise) 특성 면에서 약 3 dB 정도 우수하고, 2.5 Gbps 변조시에 아이 특성이 훨씬 우수함을 알 수 있다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.75.2-75.2
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• 2012

Turbulence is ubiquitous in astrophysical fluids such as the interstellar medium and intracluster medium. To maintain turbulent motion, energy must be injected into the fluids. In turbulence studies, it is customary to assume that the fluid is driven on a scale, but there can be many different driving mechanisms that act on different scales in astrophysical fluids. We expect different statistical properties of turbulence between turbulence with single driving scale and turbulence with double driving scales. In this work, we perform 3-dimensional incompressible MHD turbulence simulations with energy injection in two ranges, 2${\surd}$12 (large scale) and 15

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한연소학회 2003년도 제27회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.231-236
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• 2003

HCCI(Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) combustion is an advanced combustion process explained as a homogeneously premixed charge of a fuel where air is admitted into the cylinder and compression ignited. It has possibility to reduce NOx by spontaneous auto-ignition at multiple points that allows very lean combustion resulting in low combustion temperatures. Particulate matters (PM) could be also reduced by the homogeneous combustion and no fuel-rich zones. Injection timing is extremely advanced to achieve homogeneous charge where a diesel fuel could not be vaporized sufficiently due to low pressure and low temperature condition. Also the over-penetration could be a severe problem. The small injection angle and multi-hole injectors were applied to solve these problems. Dimethyl ether (DME) as an altenative fuel was also applied to relive the bad vaporization problem associated with early injection of diesel fuel. Neat DME has a very high cetane rating and high vapor pressure. Contained oxygen reduces soot during the combustion. Experimental result shows DME can be easily operated in an HCCI engine. PM shows almost zero value and NOx is reduced more than 90% compared to direct-injection diesel engine operating mode but problem of early ignition needs more investigation.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2004

HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) combustion has a great advantage in reducing NOx (Nitrogen Oxides) and PM (Particulate Matter) by lowering the combustion temperature due to spontaneous ignitions at multiple sites in a very lean combustible mixture. However, it is difficult to make a diesel-fuelled HCCI possible because of a poor vaporability of the fuel. To resolve this problem, the two-stage injection strategy was introduced to promote the ignition of the extremely early injected fuel. The compression ratio and air-fuel ratio were found to affect not only the ignition, but also control the combustion phase without a need for the intake-heating or EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation). The ignition timing could be controlled even at a higher compression ratio with increased IMEP (Indicated Mean Effective Pressure). The NOx (Nitrogen Oxides) emission level could be reduced by more than 90 % compared with that in a conventional DI (Direct Injection) diesel combustion mode, but the increase of PM and HC (Hydrocarbon) emissions due to over-penetration of spray still needs to be resolved.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2014

In this paper, multiple gate locations and process conditions under concern are automatically optimized by considering robustness to minimize the injection pressure required to mold an automotive dashboard. Computer simulation-based experiments using orthogonal arrays(OA) and a design-range reduction algorithm are consolidated into an iterative search scheme, which is then used as a tool for the optimization process. The robustness of a design is evaluated using an OA-based simulation of process fluctuations due to noise as well as the signal-to-noise ratio. The optimal design solution for the automotive dashboard shows that the robustness of the injection pressure is significantly improved when compared to the initial design. As a result, both the die clamping force and the pressure distribution in the part cavity are also much improved in terms of their robustness.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.84-88
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• 2023

Because multiple ovulation embryo transfer (MOET) in cattle includes several benefits such as wide spreading of genetically superior offspring for long distance, this biotechnological method has been widely applied to Hanwoo. When the recipients are not stayed close after embryo recovery from donor, the embryos are moved to other farms via several vehicles (car, train, and airplane). However, air travel induces lesser oxygen level, increased vibration, lower air pressure, higher noise, and increased exposure of cosmic radiation to living things than ground level. It was still unknown that fresh embryos obtained from multiple ovulation of Hanwoo could maintain their fertility after being transported via air plane, the present case report introduced a clinical case of MOET in Hanwoo after shipping fresh embryos via air transportation. The donor was multi-ovulated via follicle-stimulating hormone series of injection, which was followed by a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone injection and artificial insemination twice. The embryos were recovered by the uterine flushing, packed in ministraws, transported to recipients for 6 h including 1 h air flight, and then transferred to the synchronized recipients. During pregnancy diagnosis of early gestation period, 5 of 7 recipients (71.4%) presented no heat signs and showed fetal sacs with fluid under transrectal ultrasonography. After normal gestation period, all recipients naturally delivered healthy calves (male n = 2 and female n = 3) without abortion, stillbirth, and premature birth. The present case report indicated that transportation of fresh embryos for MOET via domestic flight in Korea did not affect to their fertility.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.240-240
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• 2010

A multiple alloy metal nano-dots memory using FN tunneling was investigated in order to confirm its structural possibility for future flash memory. In this work, a multiple FePt nano-dots device with a high work function (~5.2 eV) and extremely high dot density (${\sim}\;1.2{\times}10^{13}/cm^2$) was fabricated. Its structural effect for multiple layers was evaluated and compared to one with a single layer in terms of the cell characteristics and reliability. We confirm that MOS capacitor structures with 2-4 multiple FePt nano-dot layers provide a larger threshold voltage window and better retention characteristics. Furthermore, it was also revealed that several process parameters for block oxide and inter-tunnel oxide between the nano-dot layers are very important to improve the efficiency of electron injection into multiple nano-dots. From these results, it is expected that a multiple FePt nano-dots memory using Fowler-Nordheim (FN)-tunneling could be a candidate structure for future flash memory.

• 대한정형외과 초음파학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.86-90
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• 2008

서론: 견관절의 극상건에 발생한 석회화 건염에 대한 맹검 주사요법과 초음파하 주사요법의 결과를 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 증상이 있는 27세에서 69세 사이의 견관절 석회화 건염 36례를 대상으로 하였으며, 석회화 부위에 21-게이지 바늘을 이용하여 다발성 천공 후 주변부에 증식요법 주사제를 주입하였다. 19명은 맹검하에 시행하였으며 평균 나이는 52.2세(27~64세)이었고, 17명은 초음파하에서 시행하였으며 평균 나이는 49.0세(31~69세)였다. 평가항목으로 통증에 대한 시각점수척도(Visual analogue scale)와 견관절 운동범위(굴곡, 외전, 외회전)를 측정하였다. 결과: 시술전 두 군간의 통증에 대한 시각점수척도와 운동범위는 통계학적 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 시술후 두 군 모두 시술전과 비교시 통증에 대한 시각점수척도와 운동범위는 의미있는 호전을 보였으며, 시술후 통증에 대한 시각점수척도 및 운동범위의 호전 정도는 맹검 시술군과 초음파하 시술군 사이에 통계학적으로 의미있는 차이를 보였다(통증에 대한 시각점수척도:p=0.001, 굴곡:p=0.000, 외전: p=0.000, 외회전: p=0.016). 결론: 극상건의 석회화 건염에 대한 초음파하에서 시행되는 주사요법은 맹검하에서 시행하는 것보다 더 양호한 결과를 보여, 시술을 시행함에 있어 초음파의 사용은 매우 유용한 것으로 사료된다.