• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.194-208
• /
• 2003

Objective : Recently, many studies have showed the evidences of the effect of acupuncture treatment through scientific methods. We performed electro-acupuncture on Taixi(K3) and observed the change of brain activity using fMRI. Methods : To see the effect of electro-acupuncture stimulation on Taixi(K3), the experiment was carried out on twelve healthy volunteers, using the gradient echo sequence with the 3.0T whole-body fMRI system(ISOL). After the needle insertion on K3, 2 Hz of electric stimulation was given for 30 seconds, repeated five times, with 30 seconds' intervals. Result & Conclusions : Unilateral electro-acupuncture stimulation on K3 increased the brain activity in Brodman Area 8, 6, 9, 13, 21, 22, 38, 40, 43, 2, 5, 10, 20, 24, 32, 34, 37, 39, 41, 42. and decreased the brain activity in Brodman Area 9, 13, 38, 22, 31, 3, 6, 10, 21, 25, 29, 30. Group Averaged Brain activity induced by Unilateral Electro-acupuncture Stimulation on K3 was increased in Brodman Area 10, 22, 42, 43, 44 and was decreased inn Brodman Area 6 and pyrogen test of Bee venom. Bilateral electro-acupuncture stimulation on k3 increased the brain activity in Brodman Area 22, 3, 19, 4, 13, 17, 21, 41, 42, 2, 5, 6, 7, 18, 23, 29, 30, 31, 40 and decreased the brain activity in Brodman Area 18, 6, 39, 4, 13, 2, 10, 19, 36, 40, 45, 46, 47. Group Averaged Brain activity induced by Bilateral Electro-acupuncture Stimulation on K3 was increased in Brodman Area 22, 13, 4, 3, 29, 38, 43 and was decreased in Brodman Area 18, 3, 19, 22, 39. Motor Stimulation activated Brodmann Area 6, 43, 18.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.74-85
• /
• 2007

Objective : In this study we wanted to confirm if proper stimulation and de-Qi of traditional Korean medical acupuncture could increase hot flash relief efficacy. Design : A randomized controlled, single blind study. We used two modalities of acupuncture, one with optimal stimulation [Study group; Korean medical acupuncture (TKMA)] and one with minimal stimulation [Control group; Minimal acupuncture (MA)]. Same acupoints [PC6(內關), HT8(少府), HT7(神門), LI4(合谷), ST36(足三里), SP6(三陰交), Ren4(關元)] were used in both groups. Fifty-two patients were treated twice a week for 8 weeks, and follow up was done after 4 weeks from the last treatment. Patients were checked hot flash VAS (visual analog scale), frequency and duration every time they visited. Results : Hot flash relief efficacy by 100mm hot flash VAS was obvious in both groups. Hot flash VAS scores of study group were smaller than the scores of control group at the early stage (3rd, $4^{th}$ and $8^{th}$ visit), but there wasn't a remarkable difference between study and control group at the end of the trial. Besides, diminution of hot flash VAS was faster and more even in the study group than control group by visualization using 'Box plot'. We compared frequency and duration of hot flash, 100mm sweating, palpitation, sleep disturbance VAS, and Kupperman Index, MENQOL, Patient's global assessment score. Both groups showed definite decrease from the baseline, but the difference was not statistically significant. There wasn't any adverse event. Hot flash relief efficacy was kept in most patients after 4 weeks' follow-up. Conclusion : Acupoint combination by Traditional Korean medical theory is effective on hot flashes and hot flash relief efficacy was faster and more even in optimal stimulation than minimal stimulation.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2004

Objective : The effects of Indium-Gallium-Aluminium-Phosphide(InGaAlP) laser transcutaneous irradiation on heart rate variability(HRV) in healthy adults are investigated with power spectrum analysis(PSA) of HRV. Methods : The control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers (10 men, 10 women). The experiment was divided into 5 different periods, the pre-1st laser period(10 minutes), the 1st laser period(30 minutes), the post-1st laser period(5 minutes), the 2nd laser period( 30 minutes) and the post-2nd laser period(30 minutes). HRV was measured for 5 minutes at the pre-1 st laser period, the post-l st laser period and the post-2nd laser period. The laser period is the period in which InGaAlP laser transcutaneous Irradiation treatment occurs. Results : 1. SDNN of volunteers at post-1st laser period and post-2nd laser period significantly increased compared with that of the pre- 1 st laser period. 2, Ln(VLF) at post-I st laser period significantly increased compared with that of pre-1st laser period, while Ln(HF) at post-2nd laser period significantly decreased compared with those of pre- I st laser period and post-1st laser period, 3. Ln(TP) at post-1st laser period and post-2nd laser period significantly increased compared with that of pre-1st laser period, 4, LF/HF Ratio at post-2nd laser period significantly increased compared with those of pre-1st laser period and post-1st laser period. But the other variables did not significantly change. Conclusions : The results suggest that InGaAlp laser transcutaneous Irradiation in healthy adults is associated with the autonomic nervous systems. Further study is needed for investigating the effects of laser irradiation on autonomic nervous systems.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.492-501
• /
• 2007

Objectives : This study was executed in order to evaluate the effects of electroacupuncture on upper-extremity spasticity control in stroke patients. Methods : Eighteen patients with stroke were enrolled and classified into two groups, the study and control group. The control group did not receive any oriental medical treatment. In the study group, the electroacupuncture points were applied to Kokt'aek (PC3) and $Ch'{\u{o}}ch'{\u{o}}n$ (PC2), Naegwan (PC6) and $Ch'{\u{o}}kt'aek$(LU5) of the affected limb. H-reflexl M-response ratio (HIM ratio), modified Ashworth scale (MAS) and Fugl-Meyer motor function assessment (FMA) were used for evaluation of spasticity control before electroacupuncture, within two hours after electroacupuncture, and at two weeks. Results : In MAS, the study group declined more than the control group. but there was no statisticallysignificant consideration. In H/M ratio. the study group was more efficient than the control group. and spasticity decreased successively during the series in the study group. In FMA, motor function in the study group improved more than in the control group and motor function in the study group increased successively during the series. Conclusions : These results showed that electro acupuncture was a useful method to decrease upper-extremity spasticity in patients with stroke. Further studies are needed to explore more cases and the long-lasting carryover effects on upper-extremity spasticity in electroacupuncture.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.125-135
• /
• 2014

Objectives : Warm needling is the method combining the effects of acupuncture and moxibustion. In modern clinics, warm needling is only affected by treatment time or frequency. We need to study the physical characteristics of warm needles currently used in clinics in order to develop more efficient and economical treatments. Methods : We collected various warm needle specimens and analyzed chemical constitutions, measured heat transfer velocity, micro Vicker's hardness and specific resistance. We studied the relationship between heat transfer velocity and micro Vicker's hardness as well as that between heat transfer velocity and specific resistance. Results : The heat transfer velocity of the Silver_HL was 3.3 mm/sec, of the Au alloy group was 1.3~2.6 mm/sec, and Silver_IN, Silver_ZK and SS groups was less than 0.3 mm/sec. We therefore concluded that the needle composed of Ag has the best heat transfer velocity. In the Micro Vicker's hardness test, Vicker's hardness of the Au alloy group was 159~170 Hv, of Silver_HL was 181 Hv, and of the Silver_IN, Silver_ZK, SS group was 450.8~519 Hv. In the Silver_IN, Silver_ZK and SS groups, hardness was inversely proportial to thermal conductivity. In the specific resistance test, the specific resistance of Silver_HL was the lowest, that of the Au alloy group was the second lowest, and that of the Silver_IN, Silver_ZK, SS groups were the highest. Conclusions : We concluded that the needle composed of Ag has the best heat transfer velocity, highest electric conductivity and thermal conductivity, therefore the needle composed of Ag is suitable for warm needling.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.31-45
• /
• 2017

Objectives : Adenophorae Radix(AR) is the dried root of Adenphora triphylla var. japonica HARA. AR has the efficacy of clarifying lung, emitting pus, expelling wind, stopping pruitus and so on. Recently, various studies are being done about anti-oxidative, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of AR. So, we expected AR has an availability that can improve symptoms of atopic dermatitis(AD). Methods : In this study, we measured body weight, weight of ear, thickness of ear skin and dorsum skin, symptom score, reproduction rate of splenocytes in vivo and in vitro of mouse with AD induced by DNCB. We experimented with five groups of 9 mice, such as normal group, control group, AR spread(ARS) group, AR feeding(ARF) group, AR spread&feeding(ARSF) group. Results : Control group of body weight significantly reduced and APSF group significantly increased in the first and second week. In weight of ear and thickness of ear skin and dorsum skin, control group significantly increased and ARSF group significantly decreased. In macrophotography viewpoint of dorsal skin, ARS group, ARF group and ARSF group decreased severe pigmented skin lesion, erythema and desquamation as compared with control group. Especially ARSF group showed significant drop. ARS group, ARF group and ARSF group compared to control group were improved in histopathology observation. In vitro and in vivo, treatment group of AR increased proliferation rate of splenocytes, specially in vitro significantly. Conclusions : This experiment indicates Adenophorae Radix extracts is effective on AD induced by DNCB in mice.

• 혜화의학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.395-415
• /
• 2001

A general concept of Geun includes the soft organizations such as a muscle, a myofascia, a tendon and a ligament, cartilages and nerves that surround it. The main function of it is a movement of the body such as a flextion and a extension, a connection of the joints, and a construction of the body shape. Lately, we consider Geun important little by little, develop a variety of the therapeutic measures which make use of it, and apply it to the treatment in the oriental medicine, And the therapeutic measures which utilize Geun will be developed from now on. Therefore, this study reviewed and analyzed the direction of the research referred to Geun in the oriental medicine and the tendency to the experiment to grow the study referred to Geun in oriental medicine continuously and developed the new direction. This study collected 44's theses reported in the oriental medical journal and analyzed in accordance with the journal, time, form and topics. The following results were obtained in this study; 1. In the theses referred to Geun, the journal of Korean acupuncture & moxibustion society and of Korean oriental medicine have the most of them(11's theses) and at the next the journal of oriental rehabilitation medicine has 9's theses. 2. By analyzing the form of the theses, these were classified into the theoretical, experimental and clinical studies. The theoretical these occupied 39%, the experimental theses 54%, and the clinical theses 7%. 3. By analyzing the theses referred to Geun, these were classified into the muscular abnormality - such as a powerlessness, a injury, a atrophy, a disorder, and a pain - the theory of muscles along the regular meridians, the muscular organization, the therapeutic measures, the manipulation and so on. 4. The theses of the muscular abnormality occupied 30% of them referred to Geun and the theory of muscles along the regular meridians 20%, the muscular organization 12%, the therapeutic measures 12%, and the manipulation 8%. According to the above results, the study of the new field referred to Geun and the clinical report are indispensable since the field is limited and the tendency is theoretical and experimental.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.625-632
• /
• 2017

Familial Parkinson's disease (PD) has been linked to point mutations and duplication of the ${\alpha}$-synuclein (${\alpha}$-syn) gene. Mutant ${\alpha}$-syn expression increases the vulnerability of neurons to exogenous insults. In this study, we developed a new PD model in the transgenic mice expressing mutant hemizygous (hemi) or homozygous (homo) A53T ${\alpha}$-synuclein (${\alpha}$-syn Tg) and their wildtype (WT) littermates by treatment with sub-toxic (10 mg/kg, i.p., daily for 5 days) or toxic (30 mg/kg, i.p., daily for 5 days) dose of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Tyrosine hydroxylase and Bcl-2 levels were reduced in the ${\alpha}$-syn Tg but not WT mice by sub-toxic MPTP injection. In the adhesive removal test, time to remove paper was significantly increased only in the homo ${\alpha}$-syn Tg mice. In the challenging beam test, the hemi and homo ${\alpha}$-syn Tg mice spent significantly longer time to traverse as compared to that of WT group. In order to find out responsible proteins related with vulnerability of mutant ${\alpha}$-syn expressed neurons, DJ-1 and ubiquitin enzyme expressions were examined. In the SN, DJ-1 and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, UBE2N, levels were significantly decreased in the ${\alpha}$-syn Tg mice. Moreover, A53T ${\alpha}$-syn overexpression decreased DJ-1 expression in SH-SY5Y cells. These findings suggest that the vulnerability to oxidative injury such as MPTP of A53T ${\alpha}$-syn mice can be explained by downregulation of DJ-1.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Sophorae radix pharmacopuncture(SRP) therapy on the Chunchu($ST_{25}$) on intestinal disease in rats with dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis. Methods : The experimental model of colitis was induced by an infection of DSS for fifteen days. After colitis was induced, SRP therapy was practiced on the Chunchu($ST_{25}$) once every three days for a total of five times. Afterward, colon length, damage to the colonic mucosa, complete blood count, aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine transferase(ALT), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), creatinine, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 were measured. Results : The results were obtained as below. 1. Colon length was significantly increased in the SRP group 2 compared to the control group. 2. Damage of colonic mucosa was observed less in the SRP groups than in the other groups. 3. The mean rates of white blood cell(WBC), neutrophils and lymphocytes were significantly increased in SRP group 2 compared to the control group. 4. The mean rates of HGB and hematocrit(HCT) were significantly increased in the SRP compared to the control group. 5. No significant differences were shown in AST, ALT, BUN and Creatinine between the SRP groups and the control group. 6. The mean rate of TNF-${\alpha}$ was significantly decreased in the SRP groups compared to the control group. 7. The mean of IL-6 was significantly decreased in the SRP groups compared to the control group. Conclusions : These results indicated that SRP therapy on Chunchu($ST_{25}$) functions as a treatment to the dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.101-109
• /
• 2009

The Pulse diagnosis is in the boundary of the Four Examinations, and it is called 切診, or palpation. It has a great impact on people in reminding of the Traditional Medicine that it is probably the first thing that people think of when they hear about Traditional Medicine. Hu-Jun quoted in the Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine "東醫寶鑑" that the doctor finds out the deficiency and the excess of the meridian of the patiant through the pulse, and that it is of the utmost necessity to know the "deficiency and the excess" of the meridian to decide the formula (君臣佐使) of the herbal medicine and the acupuncture/moxibustion treatment. The research on the studies of pulse diagnosis have been concentrated on the origin, history, and the theory of the pulse diagnosis throughout the years; however, the number of research on the image from the classics on pulse diagnosis have been less. With this in mind, this paper was written to study more on the origin and the history of the pulse diagnosis as well as to study on the image of pulse diagnosis shown on the classics on Traditional Medicine in China and Korea. The history of the pulse diagnosis has its root on the attempt to find out what is happening inside the body through the indication of the small changes of the pulse that is shown on the outer boundaries of the body. There were various kinds of pulse diagnosis including "Three positions and nine indicators method" and "Carotid pulsation and wrist pulse method" in the ancient period, and wrist pulse-taking method became the most popular since the completion of studying on palpation by 初보. The image of the palpation helps the rudimentary practitioners of Traditional Medicine. They are divided into two large categories, which are the area of diagnosis and the shape of the pulse itself. The historical classics including the image of the pulse diagnosis can be found since the Song Dynasty of China. There are various kinds of image of pulse diagnosis in the classic such as "The picture of the hand meridian" from "脈訣指掌病式圖說", "The picture of the image of meridian" from "察病指南", "The picture of the Seven exterior and Eight interior" from "校正圖注脈訣", and "The picture of the six parts of meridian" from Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine "東醫寶鑑". The Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine "東醫寶鑑" have analyzed the basic theories and made up the standards of pulse diagnosis by establishing "The picture of the six parts of meridian" based on "The method of placing the viscera and bowels corresponding to cun-guan-qi, or the meridian".