• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.107-120
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• 1999

The purpose of this Study was to investigate effects of KaegiBokryengHwan(KBH) on anti-tumor, immunocytes and nitric oxide(NO). This Study estimated the proliferation of L1210 cell lines, HeLa cell lines, SK-OV3 cell lines, MCF-7 cell lines, balb/c mouse 3T3 cell lines, mouse thymocytes and mouse splenocytes and NO production from peritoneal macrophages in vitro. and estimated the proliferation of L1210 cells, mouse thymocytes and splenocytes and NO production from peritoneal macrophages and body weight in L1210 cells-transplanted mice in vivo. The result were obtained as follow ; 1. KBH inhibited significantly SK-OV3 cell lines in vitro. 2. KBH was accelerate significantly the proliferation of balb/c mouse thymocytes in vitro. 3. KBH increased significantly NO production from peritoneal macrophages in vitro. 4. KBH didn't effect the cytotoxicity of L1210 cells in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. 5. KBH was accelerate the proliferation of splenocytes in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. 6. KBH increased NO production from peritoneal macrophages in L1210 cells-transplanted mice. 7. KBH increased the body weight as comparing with control group in L1210 cells-transplanted mice.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.421-427
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• 1993

Some interleukin 6 (IL-60 transcription control factors were resported as the regulator of IL-6 expression. A nuclear protein bound to interleukin 1 (IL-1) responsive element in the IL-6 promoter region was named NF-IL6 (nuclear factor for IL-6). This NF-IL6 was known to be very imporant as a transcription factor for various immuno-protein as well as for IL-6. The human NF-IL6 genes were transfected into the mouse L cells under the metallothionein promoter (MT promoter) to establish a model system for the expression of foreign gene in the mammalian cell line.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.119-125
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• 2017

Objective: In vitro culture of preimplantation embryos is improved by grouping embryos together in a drop of media. Individually cultured embryos are deprived of paracrine factors; with this in mind, we investigated whether the addition of a single embryo-secreted factor, interleukin-6 (IL-6), could improve the development of individually cultured embryos. Methods: Mouse embryos were cultured individually in $2{\mu}L$ of G1/G2 media in 5% oxygen and supplemented with a range of doses of recombinant mouse or human IL-6. Results: Mouse IL-6 increased hatching at doses of 0.01 and 10 ng/mL compared to the control (93% and 93% vs. 78%, p< 0.05) and increased the total number of cells at a dose of 0.1 ng/mL compared to the control ($101.95{\pm}3.36$ vs. $91.31{\pm}3.33$, p< 0.05). In contrast, the highest dose of 100 ng/mL reduced the total number of cells ($79.86{\pm}3.29$, p< 0.05). Supplementation with human IL-6 had a different effect, with no change in hatching or total cell numbers, but an increase in the percentage of inner cell mass per embryo at doses of 0.1, 1, and 100 ng/mL compared to the control ($22.9%{\pm}1.1%$, $23.3%{\pm}1.1%$, and $23.1%{\pm}1.1%$ vs. $19.5%{\pm}1.0%$, p< 0.05). Conclusion: These data show that IL-6 improved mouse embryo development when cultured individually in complex media; however, an excess of IL-6 may be detrimental. Additionally, these data indicate that there is some cross-species benefit of human IL-6 for mouse embryos, but possibly through a different mechanism than for mouse IL-6.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.369-373
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• 2006

Water extracts obtained from cultured mountain ginseng (CMG) were evaluated for their ability to stimulate immune cells and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. The lymphocyte subpopulation in mouse splenocytes in vivo was significantly increased by the administration of the CMG extract (27.4 mg/mouse). Interleukin-2 and ${\gamma}$-interferon in the mice serum increased up to 30% in CMG extract-treated mice. At a concentration of 1.37 mg/mL, nitric oxide increased up to 400% in the macrophage cell line treated with CMG extract. The CMG extract significantly retarded the proliferation of human acute promyelocytic (HL60), human histiocytic (U937), and mouse lymphocytic (L1210) leukemia cell lines in vitro at concentrations over 2.74-13.7 mg/mL. In addition, CMG extract treatments (1.37 mg/mL and 2.74 mg/mL) lead to the increased expression of the p53 gene and protein in cultured U937 leukemia cell lines. These results indicate that water extracts of CMG are capable of both immune cell stimulation and cancer cell growth inhibition.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.263-269
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• 2007

Chitosan is a depolymerized and partially deacetylated derivative of chitin. We investigated the cytotoxicity of chitosan in cancer cell lines, such as P388, L1210, HCT-15, SK-HepG-1 and mouse splenocytes as a normal cell by MTT assay. To clarify whether chitosan enhances cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs, we also examined the cytotoxicity of combined treatment with chitosan and anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin, mitomycin C, and 5-fluorouracil in cancer cell lines in vitro. Chitosan ($37.5\;{\mu}g/mL,\;75\;{\mu}g/mL,\;112.5\;{\mu}g/mL,\;and\;150\;{\mu}g/mL$) showed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in the cancer cell lines. In addition, chitosan showed relatively lower cytotoxicity in normal cells than in the cancer cell lines. Particularly, this trend was significant at high doses of chitosan, i.e. $112.5\;{\mu}g/mL,\;and\;150\;{\mu}g/mL$. Thus, these results suggest that chitosan may selectively induce the growth inhibition in cancer cell lines, compared to normal cells. Furthermore. the co-treatment of chitosan and anticancer drugs exhibited an apparant synergistic cytotoxicity in murine lymphoma cell lines, i.e. P388 and L1210 at $37.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ of chitosan rather than at $75\;{\mu}g/mL$ of chitosan, but such phenomenon could not be observed in solid tumor cell lines, i.e. HCT-15 and SK-HepG-1. However, chitosan did'nt reduced the cytotoxicity against normal mouse splenocytes induced by anticancer drugs. Therefore, it is concluded that the combination of chitosan and anticancer drugs might be useful for the cancer chemotherapy.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.152.1-152.1
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• 2003

Under the vigorous search for active novel agents for cancer prevention and treatment, some agents have been found from plants and animals which are easily available. Our review of literature on them revealed that C. annuum L. var. angulosum Mill had high antiproliferating effect on cancer cells. Thus we investigated the efficacy of C. annuum L. var. angulosum Mill on cancer cell lines and to examined its effect on the mouse to detect other side effect and mechnism by which the extrat of C. annuum L. var. angulosum Mill had the anti-cancer efficacy on cancer. (omitted)

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.219-225
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• 2004

The present investigation was undertaken to examine the anticancer activity of the methanol extract from Houttuynia cordata on ICR mouse with induced abdominal cancer and L1210 cancer cells. When the methanol extract of Houttuynia cordata (10∼200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$) was administered orally to ICR mouse with abdominal cancer, 47.8% of the best life prolonging effect was obtained. In case of cytotoxicity study (inhibition of cell proliferation) of Houttuynia cordata extract against L1210 cells, $IC_{50}$/ was found to be 62.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. In contrast to such considerable toxicity against cancer cell line, the toxicity demonstrated by the identical extract against normal lymphocytes was very meagre as shown to be < 5% compared with 86.5% in case of L1210 cells at the same condition. To get an insight into the reaction mechanism undelying the anticancer activity, $O_2$ion quantity and antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismiutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) of L1210 cells in the presence of Houttuynia cordata extract were measured. The increased values of SOD and GPx enzyme activities in addition to the augmented generation of $O_2$ ion in L1210 cells implied that the reactive oxygen species induding $O_2$ion which were presumably induced by Houttuynia cordata extract might have participated in the process of L1210 cells cytotoxicity.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 1999

The mouse lymphoma thymidine kinase (tk+/-) gene assay (MOLY) using L5178Y tk+/- mouse lymphoma cell line is one of the mammalian forward mutation assays. It is well known that MOLY has many advantages and more sensitive than the other mammalian forward mutation assays such as x-linked hyposanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene assay. The target gene of MOLY is a heterozygous tk+/- gene located in 11 chromosome of L5178Y tk+/- cell, so it is able to detect the wide range of genetic changes like point mutation, deletion, rearrangement, and mitotic recombination within tk gene or deletion of entire chromosome 11. MOLY has relatively short expression time (2-3 days) compared to 1 week of hprt gene assay. MOLY can also induce relatively high mutant frequency so a large number of events can be recorded. The bimodal distribution of colony size which may indicate gene mutation and chromosome breakage potential of chemicals according to mutation scale such as large normal-growing mutants and small slow-growing mutants can be observed in this assay. The statistical analysis of data can be performed using the MUTANT program developed by York Electronic Research in association with Hazelton as recommended by the UKEMS (United Kingdom Environmental Mutagen Society) guidelines. This report reviewed MOLY using the microtiter cloning technique (microwell assay).

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.95-101
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• 1996

The present study investigated the effect of treatment with nocodazole on the efficiency of cell cycle synchronization and development of mouse 4-cefl embryos. In addition, developmental ability of reconstituted embryos that received nuclei from 4-cell embryos synchronized with nocodazole at M phase was examined in vitro and in vivo. (1) When 4-cell blastorneres exposed to culture medium containing l$\mu$g /ml nocodazole for 2, 4, 6 and 8 hrs, 40% (40/10l), 75% (l19/159), 85% (87/102) and 97% (155/160) of nuclei were synchronized at M phase, respectively. (2) Treated with nocodazole for 4 hrs, the proportion of 4-cell embryos developed to blastocysts (98%, 60/61) was not significanUy different from that of the control embryos (98%, 196/201). However, the developmental ability of 4-cell embryos treated for 8 (87%, P<0.05)and 12 hrs (76%, P

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 1999

To investigate the role of interleukin-l$\beta$ (IL-1$\beta$) in the embryonic development, in vivo and in vitro expression patterns of IL-1$\beta$ gene in the preimplantation mouse embryos were examined by RT-PCR, and the effects of explanted mouse ovi-duct and uterine epithelial cells on the expression of IL-1$\beta$ gene in the pleimplantation mouse embryos were examined by co-culture. IL-1$\beta$ mRNA was detected in the embryos from 4-cell stage to blastocyst stage in vivo and from morula stage to hatching blastocyst stage in vitro. This transcript was not detected from the GV stage to late 2-cell stage in vivo, and not at the 4-cell and 8-cell stages in vitro. For the co-culture of late 2-cell embryos with the explanted mouse oviduct and uterine epithelial cells, oviducts and uterine epithelial cells were isolated at 48 hour alter the hCG injection. The explanted oviduct and uterine epithelial cells in co-culture groups facilitated the IL-1$\beta$ gene expression of the mouse embryos in comparison with the control. Taken together these results suggest that the presence of IL-1$\beta$ plays an important role in preimplantation embryonic development. In addition, the up-regulation of IL-1$\beta$ gene expression by the explanted oviduct and uterine epithelial cells demonstrates that embryonic expression of IL-l$\beta$ gene may be regulated by the interaction with oviductal and uterine factor (s).