• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.112-115
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• 1998

During the spring and fall of 1994 and winter of 1995, the exposure time of periphyton biomass on terval. In the streams with low periphyton biomass (chi. a: 2-4 mg/$m^2$) in natural rocks, biomass of arttificial substrata (unglazed tile: $3.7{\times}9.5{\times}2 cm$) exceeded that of the natural rocks after 28 days, while sites with high biomass (chi. a: 20-60 mg/$m^2$) in natural rocks showed slower biomass accumulation after 40 days. Due to the high licht input and temperature in a Partially shaded mountain stream, development of periphyton biomass in spring occurred faster than that of winter. In general, development of periphyton biomass placed on artificial substrata took 4-5 weeks in spring and at least 6 weeks In winter to reach the natural level.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제23권
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• pp.119-124
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• 2008

우리나라의 전통 사찰은 대부분 목조로 되어 있고 국가 중요 전통사찰의 건축 구조는 대부분이 목재로서 연소성이 높기 때문에 일단 착화되면 빠른 속도로 화재가 전파되고 산중에 있는 지리적인 특성으로 인해 효과적으로 화재를 진압하는데 어려운 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 전통사찰 문화재의 화재안전관리 개선방안으로 법 제도적인 측면, 건축방화적인측면, 재난 방재 기본 시스템구축 및 유관기관 합동점검, 훈련 등 예방활동 강화를 제시하였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권5호통권112호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2005

Anyang city performed a design competition for the existing paper mill site and this design is the work that was submitted to that competition. The design instructions for the competition were about an organic site which had harmony of aboveground park and underground parking lot, establishment of park planning which is fit for the features of nearby areas, and security of proper parking space. This design criteria set the design concept to a new wave of Anyang by reflecting the design instructions of prize contest and features of the site and developed it as three waves. First, the eco wave, one of three waves, means that it compose the ecological healthy park and urban environment together with restoration and preservation of Suamcheon (stream), and futhermore the waves that the natural resource are maintained in a delicate ecological balance as the water resource of Anyang city are connected to the axis of mountain resource. Secondly, the emotion wave indicates that the wave toward culture and art emotional park that stimulates and fills up the emotion to makes impoverishing modems minds fertile. Thirdly, the health wave means the waves toward a park to keep the sound of minds and bodies of Anyang citizens, and healthy and sound life as well as the waves toward a park to contribute the healthy leap and development of Anyang. These three waves will enrich the park keeping the dynamic relationship mutually and will be a new culture and art code of Anyang city.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2008년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1438-1441
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• 2008

Throughout the history, the people of Iran have battled the dryness by innovations to preserve every drop of water that lands from the rare clouds, or from a stream flowing out of distant springs. Water is precious and held with highest respect, whether stored for drinking at an Ab-Anbar, or for washing and farming at the Houz in the middle of their oasis homes and orchards, or sourced at a Qanat spring or Jooy under ground. How it is that drinking water as cold as a mountain fall is found in desert of Iran? Ab-Anbar is an ancient means of water preservation and cooling through anunderground building structure. These underground structures have been present in Khorasan and other desert provinces of Iran as public or private water storage facilities, widely used before the installation of public plumbing systems in the late 1950s. Although many of these structures are still functional, most have been protected by government for restoration or viewing by the public as historical heritage. Khorasan natural dry climate and the massive surrounding deserts have been a breeding ground for many designs of Ab-Anbars. Today the existing number of such facilities stands in the province of Khorasan. Usually these structures were built in populated areas, also there are some forms of such structures on old trade routes and roadways leading to and from populated towns. This paper considers the history of Ab-Anbars in Khorasan as well as other relevant aspects such as types, components, construction methods and materials, filling and withdrawal systems.

• 한국잠사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국잠사학회 2003년도 제46회 춘계 학술연구 발표회
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• pp.62-62
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• 2003

The Korean native firefly, P. rufa, is widely distributed in Korea and only at Tsushima in the case of Japan. P. rufa is known to occur in various habitats such as stream area, wet fields and mountain area. Development and life history of the Korean native firefly, Pyrocoelia rufa, were investigated throughout the indoor rearing. (omitted)

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose efficient peer assignment algorithms for low-latency transmission of scalable coded images in peer-to-peer networks, in which peers may dynamically join and leave the networks. The objective of our algorithm is to minimize the transmission time of a requested image that is scalable coded. When an image is scalable coded in different bit rates, the bit stream encoded in a lower bit rate is a prefix subset of the one encoded in a higher bit rate. Therefore, a peer with the same requested image coded in any bit rate, even when it is different from the requested rate, may work as a supplying peer. As a result, when a scalable coded image is requested, more supplying peers can be found in peer-to-peer networks to help with the transfer. However, the set of supplying peers is not static during transmission, as the peers in this set may leave the network or finish their transmission at different times. The proposed peer assignment algorithms have taken into account the above constraints. In this paper, we first prove the existence of an optimal peer assignment solution for a simple identity permutation function, and then formulate peer assignment with this identity permutation as a mixed-integer programming problem. Next, we discuss how to address the problem of dynamic peer departures during image transmission. Finally, we carry out experiments to evaluate the performance of proposed peer assignment algorithms.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.389-392
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• 2004

A recent unusual change in the weather is formed as a localized heavy rain in a short time. This phenomenon has caused a flash flood, and flash floods extensively have damaged human lives many times. In large river's case, the extent of loss of lives and properties has been decreased through the flood warning system by flood control stations of each stream. However, the extent of damage in other small rivers has increased reversely. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a new flood warning system against flash floods instead of the existing flood warning system. It is a specific character that the damage from flash floods in mountain streams brings much more loss of lives than large river's flood. The purpose of this study is calculating the characteristic of flash floods in streams, analyzing topographical characteristics of water basin through applying GIS techniques with the calculation as mentioned above and researching what topographical conditions have influence on hydrological flash floods in water basin. The flash flood prediction model we used is made by GIUH (geomorphoclimatic instantaneous unit hydrograph) with hydrologic-topographical technology. As applying the flash flood prediction model, this is a procedure for calculating topographical information in basin: we made a topological data up out of database with utilizing GIS, and we also produced a DEM (digital elevation model) and used it as a topographical data for determining amount of flash floods.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2007

This study was conducted to propose the plan of creating a brooklet reflecting an water-friendly space as well as its function as the habitats of wildbird in Cheongdam Neighborhood Park in Seoul. Major fields of this study include a survey of the staus, a basic plan, a master plan, a execution; a survey of this site was focused on topography, water system, trail, existing vegetation, wildbird; a detailed plan was focused on flow plan, planting plan, facility plan. Existing vegetation was classified into 5 types; Quercus mongolica-Q. acutissima forest, Robinia pseudoacacia forest, Populus${\times}$albaglandulosa forest, artificial green space, urban area. 11 species and 49 individuals of wildbirds appeared in 2004(3~4month). The plan of creating a brooklet were divided passive-zone, eco-zone, and dynamic-zone. Environment elements of each space including a mountain stream, ecological pond, marshland, ecological landscape forest, wildbird observation trail, waterway etc. The brooklet of Cheongdam Neighborhood Park is rated high as an important space for wildbird biodiversity. Accordingly, continuous monitoring of this biotope as a urban habitat is required as the environment changes.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2017

Although Changdong Sanggye area has been developed during 1980s as a new city for the supply of low-income housing, currently it was degraded to a bed town located outside Seoul. However, Changdong Sanggye area is designated as the center of a metropolitan area in '2030 Seoul City Basic Plan' due to a variety of potential factors such as a traffic center for linking metropolitan areas, location of 15 universities, and neighboring natural environment like Jungnang stream and Buckhan mountain. The purpose of urban regeneration plan is to create a new CBD of Changdong Sanggye which is the center of vocational and cultural lives of 3.2 million people in the northeastern metropolitan area. To achieve the purpose, 12 unit projects and 24 sub-unit projects are set up based on the three major goals and core strategies. An enterprise project team of northeastern area was newly founded and then a dedicated organization was established by the Seoul government in 2015 in order to integrate separated urban regeneration related functions. In the Seoul government an administrative council and a project promotion council are operated for consultation and coordination between the administrative divisions and government projects for urban regeneration. Through the success in Changdong Sanggye regeneration project, they are expected to have economic effects such as job creation and increase in tax revenue and to re-vitalize the area as a new economic center in northeastern Seoul having amenities and cultural facilities and waterfront parks.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.48-63
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• 2013

계화기법(界畵技法)으로 그린 '전라구례오미동가도(全羅求禮五美洞家圖)'를 통해 운조루(雲鳥樓) 살림집의 공간배치계획과 경관 기법을 고찰한 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, '오미동가도'는 창건주 류이주(柳爾?)가 용천부사로 재임할 때(1782년) 설계도면을 보내 집을 짓게 하였다는 점, 정형화된 풍수적 사신사 구조의 자리잡기와 기본계획도 성격이 농후한 점, 그리고 합각지붕이 1804년에 솟을대문으로 중수되었다는 점 등을 고려하면 운조루 창건시기(1776~1783년)에 제작되었을 것으로 판단된다. 둘째, 운조루는 지리산 노고단(祖山)과 형제봉을 주산(主山)으로, 오봉산(案山)과 계족산(朝山)을 안대로 자리했는데, 동쪽으로 흐르는 동방천(外明堂水)을 표현하는 등 배산임수 풍수국면을 설득력 있게 표현하고 있다. 셋째, 운조루는 직교 축선에 위계를 설정하여 품(品) 자형 건물군이 5영역으로 분화된 구조인데, 바깥뜰 외원과 뒤뜰 후원을 갖춘 5동(棟) + 6마당(庭) + 2원(園)의 토지이용체계를 가진다. 넷째, 심미성과 풍수적 화기비보(火氣裨補)를 겸한 바깥뜰(외원)의 조성은 연못(방지원도형)을 중심으로 유교와 도교적 관념 등 상징적 경물(景物)을 대입시켜 지속 가능한 생태정원을 구축하고 있다. 다섯째, 사랑마당에는 화계(花階)와 화오(花塢)를 가꾸었고, 괴석, 학과 매화나무, 소나무, 위성류, 초화류 등 조경 요소를 활용하여 선경의 이상세계를 구축함은 물론 정심수를 도입하는 등 형이상학적 상징성을 엿볼 수 있다. 특히, 사랑채 누마루에서 조망되는 원경과 중경, 그리고 앙부(仰俯) 경관 등 자연의 경(景)이 내부로 관입되거나 외부로 확장되는 차경(借景)과 관경(觀景)의 미를 발견할 수 있다. 여섯째, 북쪽 담장 밖의 소나무 총림과 조산(造山)은 주거환경의 쾌적성 제고 측면은 물론 풍수적 채움의 미학이 고려된 전통조경기법 사례라 하겠다.