• 제목/요약/키워드: mountain forests

검색결과 149건 처리시간 0.024초

한라산 영실지역 구상나무림의 식생구조 연구 (A Study on the Vegetation Structure of Abies koreana Forest in Yeongsil Area of Hallasan Mountain)

  • 송국만;강영제
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.57-65
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    • 2016
  • This study's purpose was to provide basic data for the monitoring of ecological changes caused by change of vegetation structure of Abies koreana forest in a study site susceptible to climatic change in Yeongsil area of Hallasan Mountain, Jeju Island. Surveys revealed this: in Yeongsil area of Hallasan Mountain, per 1 ha of A. koreana forests, total number 1,781, and A. koreana number 989, accounting for 55.5% of the total number of trees. 190 A. koreana or 19.2% were found to be dead. For the number of individual trees by DBH, trees standing 5 cm - 10 cm tall formed the largest portion at 39.9%, and in the case of other trees except A. koreana, the number of individual trees below 5 cm accounted for 23.5% of the total number of trees. The survey of importance by height revealed this: at the top level, the importance of A. koreana was the highest at 106.23, but the sum of importance of temperate deciduous broad-leaved trees (Prunus maximowiczii, Quercus mongolica, and Taxus cuspidata) was higher at 142.84 than that of A. koreana. The analysis of species diversity revealed 0.645 species diversity for the tree layer and 0.817 for the shrub layer; for evenness, 0.549 for the tree layer and 0.664 for the shrub layer; for dominance value; 0.451 for the tree layer and 0.336 for the shrub layer. The analysis of tree vitality revealed that for the A. koreana forests in Yeongsil, the composition ratio of A. koreana by type is AS type>AL type>DS type>DB type, and that of the other trees is AL type>AS type>AF type>AB type. Compared with the forests in other areas, the A. koreana forests in the Yeongsil area have a very high occurrence rate of dead trees, and a high importance of trees is shown in the deciduous broad-leaved tree forests. Compared with the A. koreana forests in the Jindallaebat area, with the same level above sea, the vegetation structures are fast changing. Also, due to dryness and other non-physical environmental changes caused by a lack of rainwater and dry winds in winter, dead trees are fast increasing in number. Environmental changes such as climate change diversely affect the maintenance of A. koreana in individual areas, and if environmental changes are fast and continue long, of the A. koreana forest areas in the Hallasan Mountain, the A. koreana forests in the Yeongsil area will decrease fastest in number and will experience changes in the vegetation structure. Thus, it is necessary to survey the vegetation changes in A. koreana forests, which are distributed in all directions but are centered on Hallasan Mountain, and to thus conduct long-term monitoring and research.

서울시 도시 숲의 경관생태와 관리방안 (Landscape Ecology and Management Measure of Urban Mountain Forest in Seoul)

  • 공우석;김건옥;이슬기;박희나
    • 환경영향평가
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.208-219
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    • 2014
  • This work aims to establish the landscape ecological countermeasures to improve the sustainability of urban mountain forest and to enrich the biodiversity in twenty mountains of the Seoul Metropolitan City. Landscape ecological analysis was conducted based upon various criteria, such as area and elevation of mountains, flora, naturalized plants, vegetation, forest types, mountain trails, and public facilities. Various measures were suggested for the better maintenances of floristic diversity, introduced plants, vegetation and forest types of urban mountain forests. Sustainable recommendations for land use adminstration were developed for the preparations of a climate change-adapted urban mountain forests, as well as rational managements of ecosystem, walking trails, and public facilities within mountain forest. Rich and diverse natural vegetation as well as high floristic diversity were reported at mountains with higher elevations, larger area size, and rich landscape diversity. Mountains with low elevation, small size with easy public access, however, might require an urgent action to decrease the burdens by anthropogenic disturbances and urban development.

설악산 전나무림에 나타난 흙 패임과 둔덕에 관한 기초조사 (Initial Survey on Pit and Mound in Fir Forests in Soraksan Mountain)

  • 전상규;윤영일
    • 환경생물
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.287-294
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    • 2004
  • Pits and mounds created by windthrow have significant impacts on forest ecosystem. In order to establish initial data base, 80 pits and mounds were sampled and surveyed in 5 fir forests in Nae-Sorak Mountain. Characteristics and forms were surveyed and frequency of tree species appearance were surveyed as well. 4.9% of surveyed area (0.4 ha) was pits and mounds in El and E2 areas except old areas where survey was done by estimation. E3 area showed the highest proportion, 11.7% of 0.1 ha of sampling area.

오대산 국립공원 소나무림의 식물군집구조 (: Plant Commumity Structure of Pinus densiflora Forests in Odaesan National Park)

  • 이경재;조우;한봉호
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.115-125
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    • 1996
  • 오대산 국립공원 소금강과 월정사지역의 소나무림에 총 40개의 조사구(10m$\times $10m)를 설정하고 TWINSPAN과 DCA기법을 이용하여 식물군집구조 분석을 실시하였다. TWINSPAN과 DCA분석결과 소나무림은 5개의 군집유형으로 분리되었다. 이들 군집유형은 소나무를 포함하는 박달나무-당단풍-쪽동백나무, 굴참나무-쪽동백나무, 졸참나무-굴참나무, 신갈나무, 전나무의 군집유형이었다. 소나무림에서는 참나무류로의 천이진행 동중상에 있었고 월정사 지역에서는 소나무는 전나무와 경쟁관계에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 오대산 국립공원 산림경관자원의 다양성 및 우량형질 소나무의 보전을 위한 관리가 요구된다.

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Importance-Performance Analysis of Mountain Village Promotion Projects in the Forest Sector by Upper-Level Local Governments

  • Kang, Byung-Hoon;Kim, Seong-Hak;Chae, Jin-Hae
    • 인간식물환경학회지
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    • 제24권6호
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    • pp.707-718
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    • 2021
  • Background and objective: Due to the recent crisis of extinction in local areas, the mountain village promotion policy is recognized as an important task. This study examined the priorities of major policy projects in the forest sector that affect mountain village promotion. Methods: For research methods, literature search, expert advisory meetings, and a survey were conducted. The survey was conducted on 42 policy stakeholders from June 1 to August 13, 2021. The literature search was based on policy projects in the forest sector by 8 upper-level local governments including mountain villages. For questionnaire items, 173 forest policy projects were classified into 27 types through expert review, and the importance and performance of each type were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Paired t-test, IPA, Locus for Focus model, and Borich needs assessment were used as the analysis methods, and the statistical program SPSS 21.0 was used as the analytical tool. Results: The results showed that 'creating forest-related jobs' and 'supporting cultivation of professional forestry workers' both showed high importance and performance, implying that they would show an effect in mountain village promotion. 'Creating forests for environmental improvement', 'discovering forest cultural assets' 'establishing and boosting forest tourism', 'providing forest therapy services', 'creating forest-related jobs', 'supporting community revitalization', and 'urban-rural exchanges' were found to be the types that needed improvement and concentration for mountain village promotion. In particular, 'creating forests for environmental improvement' and 'discovering forest cultural assets' were derived as priority considerations for mountain village promotion policies. Conclusion: In summary, it was found that in order to promote mountain villages, various content projects must be improved and carried out to enhance the physical environment and revitalize mountain villages.

북한산국립공원의 현존식생과 잠재자연식생 (Actual Vegetation Potential Natural Vegetation of Pukhansan National Park, Mid-western Korea)

  • 이은복
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제20권6호
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    • pp.439-450
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    • 1997
  • The potential natural vegtation of the Pukhansan National Park area, mid-western Korea, was inferred from the actual vegetation. With the phytosociological classification and field surveys, the actual vegetation map of the park area was made on a scale of 1:25, 000, including fourteen communities. By the analyses of the species diversity, the age structure, the human interferences and various informations on vegetation changes, two pathways of late stage succession from Pinus densiflora forests to the climatic climax were suggested. One is from Quercus serrata forests to Q. mongolica forests throughout the mountain and the other, from Q. variabilis or Q. acutissima forests to Carpinus laxiflora forests in lower parts. Considering the vegetation changes, the potential natural vegetation of the park area mainly composed of Q. mongolica, C. laxiflora, P. densiflora and Zelkova serrata forest as the climatic and/or edaphic climax was inferred.

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오대산 국립공원 노인봉 일대 삼림식생의 군락분포에 관한 연구 (Community Distribution on Mountain Forest Vegetation of the Noinbong Area in the Odaesan National Park, Korea)

  • 김창환;오장근;강은옥;최영은
    • 생태와환경
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    • 제47권2호
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    • pp.103-115
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    • 2014
  • 오대산 국립공원 노인봉(해발고도 1,338 m) 일대의 산지삼림식생은 산지낙엽활엽수림, 산지습성림, 산지침엽수림, 아고산침엽수림, 아고산활엽수림, 산지관목림, 식재림으로 세분되었으며, 평지삼림식생은 하반림, 기타식생으로 암벽식생, 농경지 등이 조사되었다. 상관대분류에 의하여 구분된 각각의 산지삼림식생을 구성하고 있는 분포군락수는 산지낙엽활엽수림은 62개 군락, 산지습성림 85개 군락, 산지침엽수림 18개 군락, 아고산침엽수림 4개 군락, 아고산활엽수림 4개 군락, 산지관목림 2개 군락, 식재림 21개 군락, 하반림 1개 군락, 기타식생 7개 군락이 조사되었다. 조사된 주요 군락의 분포 비율을 보면 산지낙엽활엽수림은 신갈나무군락이 $36,970,088.196m^2$의 48.140%로 가장 높은 분포 비율로 조사되었고, 굴참나무군락이 $3,078,054.002m^2$의 4.008%, 졸참나무군락 $2,079,416.007m^2$, 2.708%를 차지하고 있으며, 노인봉일대 산지낙엽활엽수림의 78.175%는 신갈나무가 우점 또는 차우점종으로 분포하고 있다. 산지습성림은 들메나무-층층나무군락이 전체의 15.482%를 차지하고 있으며, 들메나무와 상층부의 식피율이 비슷하여 혼생군락을 이루고 있는 군락은 8개 군락으로 전체의 17.368%를 차지하고 있다. 산지침엽수림은 소나무 군락이 전체의 78.091%로서 대부분의 산지침염수림은 소나무 1종이 상층부에서 우점종으로 나타나는 군락의 양상을 나타내고 있다. 기타식생에서 아고산침엽수림은 전나무-신갈나무군락 등 총 3개 군락이 조사되었으며 오대산 국립공원 전체 식생면적의 0.005%를 차지하고 있다. 아고산활엽수립은 사스래나무군락 등 총 4개 군락이 조사되었으며 오대산 국립공원 전체 식생면적의 0.443%를 차지하고 있다. 식재림은 일본잎갈나무가 식재림 전체의 72.222%로 가장 많이 식재되었으며, 식재림이 17.721%, 잣나무가 2.613%로 3개 수종이 전체의 92.556%로 대부분이 이들 3종에 의하여 식재되어졌다. 결론적으로 오대산 국립공원 노인봉 일대의 산림식생은 신갈나무, 소나무, 피나무, 들메나무, 층층나무, 졸참나무, 굴참나무 등 소수의 수종들이 최상층부의 우점종으로 구성되어 있으며, 이들 종들과 관련된 수많은 군락들은 식생천이 및 기후적 요인들에 의하여 군락 대체가 매우 빠르게 일어날 것으로 보인다. 따라서 이 지역 일대 잠재 자연 식생의 주요종은 산지낙엽활엽수림은 신갈나무, 산지습성림은 들메나무, 산지낙엽활엽수림과 산지습성림의 경계부 중 습도가 높은 계곡은 층층나무, 들메나무, 사면부는 피나무, 신갈나무 등에 의하여 우점될 것으로 보인다. 그러나 아고산의 침염수림은 기후온난화 등에 의하여 점차적으로 낙엽활엽수의 분포비율이 증가할 것으로 보인다.

수도권 도시림 보존의 경제적 편익 추정 -광교산을 중심으로- (Estimating the Economic Benefits of Conserving Urban Forests in the Capital Region: The Case of Mt. Kwanggyo)

  • 곽승준;유승훈;한상용
    • 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.1-27
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    • 2003
  • Urban forests have various environmental benefits, contributing to the quality of urban life. However, these values have been underestimated or never been reflected in the urban development planning in Korea. As a result, a number of forests in urban areas were either partly or wholly destroyed without their public's values being assessed explicitly. The objective of this paper is to estimate the economic benefits attached to Mt. Kwanggyo in the Capital Region using contingent valuation method, aiming to provide policy-makers with useful information to make an informed public decision in urban development planning. The survey was carefully designed and implemented to meet a number of recommendation rules suggested in the literature. The overall results show that the respondents well accepted the contingent market and would be willing to pay a significant amount for the proposed program of conserving the mountain. Total economic benefits for the population amounted to approximately 3.8 billion Korean won per year. This quantitative information can be used in cost-benefit analysis of urban development plans.

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A Study on the Poverty of Mountain People Depending on Forests

  • NGUYEN, Phuong Thi Minh;NGUYEN, Song Van;DO, Duc Tai;NGUYEN, Quynh Thi Thuy;DINH, Thanh Trung;NGUYEN, Hang Phan Thu
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제7권7호
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    • pp.519-529
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    • 2020
  • Livelihood capitals have a clear influence on livelihood development. As for the livelihood results, it has been pointed out in the analysis of the poor households that the ability of people to escape poverty depends especially on the access to livelihood capitals. This study aims to analyze the impacts of livelihood capital on poverty among mountain people who depend on forests through human capital, social capital, natural capital, physical capital and financial capital. This research employs the model of binary regression function. Independent variables x1, x2, …, xn are targets of livelihood strategy, vulnerability context, and livelihood capitals. These variables were selected to be included in the original model with dependent variable Y as poor and non-poor households. This study surveys households living in upland areas, near forests, and households of ethnic minorities. The results show that,out of the poor household rate, nearly 4% are newly-poor households or those falling back into poverty. Therefore, the government needs to pay more attention to this disadvantaged group and implements policies such as education and training policies, credit support policies, policies to support forest development, and payment for forest environmental services in the context of emerging countries like Vietnam.

한국산 세포성 점균의 신종 : Dictyostelium valenstemmum sp. nov. (New Dictyostelid in Mt. Surak, Korea;Dictyostelium valenstemmum sp. nov.)

  • 심규철;장남기
    • 아시안잔디학회지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.117-124
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    • 1996
  • One new cellular slime mold, Dicivostelium valenstemmun sp. n. Shim et Chang, is isolated from the fermentation layer of soils in the cool temperate forests of Surak mountain, Korea. This species has the sori and sorophore yellow-pigmented, and sparse or irregular branches. And it is characterized by tall and robust sorocarps, well-form basal disks, mucoroides-type aggregations and large spores. This species has sorophores gradually tapering from bases to tips, simple capi- tate sorophore tips and conical bases. When prostrates on the plates, it has sparsely clavate bases. Spores are considerably large, 6.8~9.9 x 3.4~5.1 $\mu$m(avg. 8.5 x 4.1 $\mu$m), L /W index l.84~2.43(avg. 2.07) without polar granules. Key words: Diccyostelium valeustemmum, Cool temperate forests, Surak mountain.

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