• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.169-181
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• 2022

To research the dynamic response of the high-rise structure under the rocking ground motion, which we believed that the effect cannot be ignored, especially accompanied by vertical ground motion. Theoretical analysis and shaking table seismic simulation tests were used to study the response of a high-rise structure to excitation of a H-V-R ground motion that included horizontal, vertical, and rocking components. The use of a wavelet analysis filtering technique to extract the rocking component from data for the primary horizontal component in the first part, based on the principle of horizontal pendulum seismogram and the use of a wavelet analysis filtering technique. The dynamic equation of motion for a high-rise structure under H-V-R ground motion was developed in the second part, with extra P-△ effect due to ground rocking displacement was included in the external load excitation terms of the equation of motion, and the influence of the vertical component on the high-rise structure P-△ effect was also included. Shaking table tests were performed for H-V-R ground motion using a scale model of a high-rise TV tower structure in the third part, while the results of the shaking table tests and theoretical calculation were compared in the last part, and the following conclusions were made. The results of the shaking table test were consistent with the theoretical calculation results, which verified the accuracy of the theoretical analysis. The rocking component of ground motion significantly increased the displacement of the structure and caused an asymmetric displacement of the structure. Thus, the seismic design of an engineering structure should consider the additional P-△ effect due to the rocking component. Moreover, introducing the vertical component caused the geometric stiffness of the structure to change with time, and the influence of the rocking component on the structure was amplified due to this effect.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2011

This research was conducted to biomechanically analyze Tippelt motion in parallel bars, and establish technical understanding. To achieve that goal, the performances of the Tippelt acts carried out by five world top-class national gymnasts in the parallel bars 3-dimensional cinematographic analysis and EMG analysis were conducted and following conclusion were obtained. The Tippelt motions of excellent national gymnasts perform tap motion through the down swing of a large circular movements, and perform kick-out motion rapidly extending shoulder joint angle and hip joint angle with the trunk in a position close to perpendicular position at the vertical downwardness of the grasping the bars. At this time, if handstand starting the movement is too delayed or rapidly down swung, it was shown that from the initial falling, unnecessary muscular power was wasted in trapezius, anterior deltoid, erector spinae, latissimus dorsi, upper rectus abdominis, lower rectus abdominis. The muscular parts in tap motion generating muscle action potential were pectoralis major, rectus femoris, upper rectus abdominis, lower rectus abdominis, and those in kick-out motion were upper rectus abdominis, lower rectus abdominis, trapezius and anterior deltoid.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1361-1369
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• 1996

Motion estimation is one of the key components for high quality video coding. In this paper, a new motion estimation scheme for MPEG-like video coder is suggested. The proposed temporally adaptive motion estimation scheme consists of five functional blocks: Temporal subband analysis (TSBA), extraction of temporal information, scene change detection (SCD), picture type replacement (PTR), and temporally adapted block matching algorithm (TABMA). Here all the functional components are based on the temporal subband analysis. In this papre, we applied the analysis part of subband decompostion to the temporal axis of moving picture sequence, newly defined the temporal activity distribution (TAD) and average TAD, and proposed the temporally adapted block matching algorithm, the scene change detection algorithm and picture type replacement algorithm which employed the results of the temporal subband analysis. A new block matching algorithm TABMA is capable of controlling the block matching area. According to the temporal activity distribution of objects, it allocates the search areas nonuniformly. The proposed SCD and PTR can prevent unavailable motion prediction for abrupt scene changes. Computer simulation results show that the proposed motion estimation scheme improve the quality of reconstructed sequence and reduces the number of block matching trials to 40% of the numbers of trials in conventional methods. The TSBA based scene change detection algorithm can detect the abruptly changed scenes in the intentionally combined sequence of this experiment without additional computations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.24-32
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• 2012

Of many approaches to reduce motion analysis errors, the compensation method of anatomical landmarks estimates the position of anatomical landmarks during motion. The method models the position of anatomical landmarks with joint angle or skin marker displacement using the data of the so-called dynamic calibration in which anatomical landmark positions are calibrated in ad hoc motions. Then the anatomical landmark positions are calibrated in target motions using the model. This study applies the compensation methods with joint angle and skin marker displacement to three lower extremity motions (walking, sit-to-stand/stand-to-sit, and step up/down) in ten healthy males and compares their performance. To compare the performance of the methods, two sets of kinematic variables were calculated using different two marker clusters, and the difference was obtained. Results showed that the compensation method with skin marker displacement had less differences by 30~60% compared to without compensation. And, it had significantly less difference in some kinematic variables (7 of 18) by 25~40% compared to the compensation method with joint angle. This study supports that compensation with skin marker displacement reduced the motion analysis STA errors more reliably than with joint angle in lower extremity motion analysis.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.189-199
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• 2013

The goal of this study was to contemplate the impact of emotional elements of motion graphics on the brand preference in websites of TV products. To attain the goal, the emotional elements of motion graphics in websites of TV products, i.e., color, graphic image, typography, and layout, were set as independent variables and the brand preference as a dependent variable. The variables were analyzed objectively. Samples were collected from selected design students attending technical colleges. Among 282 samples collected, 15 were discarded as unfeasible and the remaining 267 were used in the analysis. Statistical analysis techniques used in the study included factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis; and 'SPSS Win. 11.5' was used to perform the statistical analysis. From the analysis, the following two results were obtained. First, it appeared that emotional elements of motion graphics appeared in websites of TV products exerted statistically significant impacts on the brand preference. Second, the element exerting the most significant impact on the brand preference among the emotional elements were appeared as 'graphic image' and 'color'. Thus, it was concluded that it is necessary to give priority in 'graphic image' and 'color' to enhance the brand preference.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.79-92
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• 2023

Objective : This study aimed to assess the reliability of a three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis program for measuring the range of motion (ROM) of wrist and finger joints. Methods : The study recruited 50 people who had no restrictions on wrist and finger movements, understood the purpose of this study, and agreed to participate. Using a goniometer and a 3D motion analysis program, a total of 11 wrist and finger ROM were measured once each. To measure the reliability of the 3D motion analysis program, the degree of agreement and inconsistency of the measured values were compared. Results : Analysis of the degree of agreement of the measured values revealed that 38 out of 44 items showed a very high degree of agreement. Regarding analysis of inconsistency in the measured values, inconsistencies were found in three items. Conclusion : The results of this study confirmed that the ROM of the joint could be measured using the 3D motion analysis program applied in this study. In addition, it might be expected that the 3D motion analysis program would be used in various clinical fields owing to the advantages of measurement convenience and accuracy.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08a
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• pp.1039-1042
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• 2007

Motion blur of LCD displays has been measured subjectively by using Gabor patch radiusese. Gabor radiuses at a normalized scroll speed, Scroll speed times Fc, to be unity, indicate motion blur strengths, which are named a perceived motion blur strength measured by a Gabor patch. The results are compared with eye perception, PBET and EBET.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.60-68
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to assess the intra-rater test-retest reliability of tibial external rotation angle measurement using a smartphone-based photographic goniometer, DrGoniometer (DrG) compared to a three-dimensional motion analysis system (Vicon). The current study showed an interchangeable method using DrG to measure the tibial external rotation angle in standing knee flexion at $90^{\circ}$. Twelve healthy subjects participated in this study. A rest session was conducted 30 minutes later for within-day reliability and five days later for between-day intra-rater test-retest reliability. To assess the validity of the measurement using DrG, we used a three dimensional motion analysis system as a gold standard to measure the angle of tibial external rotation. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and the standard error of measurement (SEM) values were used to determine the within- and between- day intra-rater test-retest reliability of using DrG and a three dimensional motion analysis system. To assess validity, Pearson correlation coefficients were used for two measurement techniques. The measurement for tibial external rotation had high intra-rater test-retest reliability of within-day (ICC=.88) and between-day (ICC=.83) reliability using DrG and of within-day (ICC=.93) and between-day (ICC=.77) reliability using a three-dimentional motion analysis system. Tibial external rotation angle measurement using DrG was highly correlated with those of the three-dimensional motion analysis system (r=.86). These results represented that the tibial external rotation angle measurement using DrG showed acceptable reliability and validity compared with the use of three-dimensional motion analysis system.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.749-753
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• 2007

In this paper, a generalized version of the Motion Silhouette Image(MSI) called the Generic Motion Silhouette Image (GMSI) is proposed for gait recognition. The GMSI is a gray-level image and involves the spatiotemporal information of individual motion. The GMSI not only generalizes the MSI but also reflects a flexible feature of a gait sequence. Along with the GMSI, we use the Principal Component Analysis(PCA) to reduce the dimensionality of the GMSI and the Nearest Neighbor(NN) for classification. We apply the proposed feature to NLPR database and compare it with the conventional MSI. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the GMSI.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.103-117
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• 2023

This study focuses on the behavioural lexical classification for extracting animation character actions and the analysis of the character's upper and lower body movements. The behaviour and state of characters in the animation industry are crucial, and digital technology is enhancing the industry's value. However, research on animation motion application technology and behavioural lexical classification is still lacking. Therefore, this study aims to classify the predicates enabling animation motion, differentiate the upper and lower body movements of characters, and apply the behavioural lexicon's motion data. The necessity of this research lies in the potential contributions of advanced character motion technology to various industrial fields, and the use of the behavioural lexicon to elucidate and repurpose character motion. The research method applies a grammatical, behavioural, and semantic predicate classification and behavioural motion analysis based on the character's upper and lower body movements.