• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.145-164
• /
• 2012

This study examined the effects of marital conflict and mothers' anger and depression on the behavioral problems of preschoolers. A total of 393 mothers with 3-year-old preschoolers responded to questionnaires, which included items related to marital conflict, mothers' anger and depression, and their preschoolers' behavioral problems. Data were analyzed by means of structural equation modeling. The results indicated that marital conflict had no direct effect, but there were indirect effects on preschoolers' behavioral problems caused by mothers' anger and depression. Mothers who believed that they were experiencing high levels of marital conflict revealed high levels of anger and depression and reported higher rates of behavioral problems in their children. Mothers' depression also mediated the impact of marital conflict on preschoolers' behavioral problems, but mothers' anger level apparently did not. The effects of mothers' level of depression on preschoolers' behavioral problems were the highest among all the predictors. These findings imply that both improving marital relationships and regulating mothers' anger and depression levels need to be emphasized when designing prevention and intervention programs aimed at improving the behavioral problems of preschoolers.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.37-57
• /
• 2019

Objective: This study aimed to find out whether concern for children mediates the impact of parenting competence on the anger expression of mothers with young children. Methods: Subjects consisted of 219 mothers with children aged 3 to 6 years old attending kindergartens and daycare centers. The motehrs were given 3 rating scales about parenting competence, concerns about their children, and anger expression. The Parental Anger Scales measuring anger expression consisted of sub-factors such as situational anger, impulsive behavior, and difficulty of anger control. Results: Using the data collected, correlation analysis and the regression analysis procedure by Baron & Kenny(1968) were conducted; the significance of the mediating effects was verified by the Sobel test. First, the study found that there were significant positive correlations between mother's parenting competence, concern about children, and anger expression. Second, mothers' concern about their children had partial mediating effects on the relationships between parenting competence and overall anger expression, situational anger and impulsive behavior, and a complete mediating effect on the relationship between parenting competence and difficulty with anger control. Conclusion/Implications: These results were discussed in terms of the approach and content of parent education to help parents with young children control their anger.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.1170-1177
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations between infant's mothers parenting stress, anger and anger expression patterns: The data for this study was collected from 205 among the 3 to 6 years old infant's mothers who attend to the three kindergartens and seven children's house. The instruments used for this study were a self-report questionnaire, PSI(Parenting Stress Index Short Form by Abidin), Anger and Anger-expression patterns. Regression analysis was the statistical method used for data analysis. Results: There were significant positive correlations in the infant's mothers parenting stress, state-trait anger and anger out/in. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that infant's mothers parenting stress, state and trait anger were significant variables predicting mother's anger expression patterns. Conclusion: This study suggests that the parental education program are necessary which a infant's mother can express positively about anger and decrease parenting stress.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.4368-4379
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence verbal abuse in early childhood mothers and to examine the fitness of a path model among these variables. The goal of the study was to provide fundamental data on ways in which verbal abuse by early childhood mothers can be prevented. Methods: The data was collected by using self report questionnaires from December 7th to 25th, 2011. The subjects were 320 early childhood mothers who had children in kindergarten. In order to estimate the hypothesized model, the data was analyzed using the AMOS 18.0 programs for structural equation modeling. Results: Parenting stress, anger and anger expression demonstrated a direct effect on causing verbal abuse by early childhood mothers. This study suggest that parental education program are necessary which a early childhood mothers can be express positively about parenting stress and anger.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.1-21
• /
• 2008

This research explored links between mother/child personality characteristics based on their diagnostic and clinical pathology. The 232 participants, selected from mother-child pairs receiving psychological care in a hospital setting, were tested and interviewed by clinical practitioners. Correlations were found between mothers' Psychopathic Deviate, Paranoia, Psychasthenia, and Schizophrenia and sons' Psychasthenia, aggression, alienation, depression, and anger. Mothers classified with Hysteria were likely to have aggressive children. Mothers with low self-esteem, repression, frustration, and strong levels of extroversion had daughters with anger/rage issues. Sons of mothers diagnosed with Hypochondriasis, Depression, Hysteria, Psychopathic Deviate, Paranoia, and Psychasthenia had high rates of Oppositional Defiant Disorder and ADHD. Children of mothers diagnosed with depression had high rates of ADHD. Specifically, mothers with Hypochondriasis, Hysteria, and Psychopathic Deviate had daughters with high rates of ADHD.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.67-81
• /
• 2013

This study examined the relations among toddlers' temperament, maternal parenting, and toddlers' social withdrawal and aggression. One hundred and two mothers of two-year-old children (49 boys and 53 girls) completed questionnaires and Q-sort. Data were analyzed by correlation analyses and regression analyses. First, toddlers' pleasure was negatively related to social withdrawal, while social fearfulness was positively related to social withdrawal. Also, toddlers' activity level and anger proneness were positively related to aggression. Second, the encouragement of independence in maternal parenting was negatively linked to toddlers' social withdrawal, and maternal rejection was positively linked to toddlers' aggression. Third, toddlers' pleasure and interest/persistence were positively associated with mothers' encouragement of independence, and toddlers' activity level and anger proneness were positively associated with mothers' rejection. Finally, mothers' encouragement of independence acted as a mediator between toddlers' pleasure and social withdrawal. Also, toddlers' activity level and anger proneness influenced aggression through maternal rejection. These results indicate that toddlers' temperament and maternal parenting play crucial roles in the development of toddlers' maladaptive behaviors such as social withdrawal and aggression.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.206-216
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceived social support of mothers with disabled children. Method: This study was a cross-sectional, descriptive study using a questionnaire survey which included the standardized measure: personal resource Questionnaire 2000. Results: The participants were 98 mothers, each with one with disabled children. Of the 98 participant's children, 39.8% suffered mental retardation, 34.7% was developmentally disability, 16.3% was brain diseases and 9.2% was multiple disabled. The mean age of the disabled children was 8.2 years and of their mothers was 38 years. The order of the life events for which the need help for the subjects required help were 'when anger and frustration arise happened', 'difficulties in human relationship' and 'emergency situations'. The personal resources were spouse (38.1%), friends (20.9%) and parent (12.9%). The mean score of perceived social support was 5.48 out of a total of 7, indicating a slightly high on social support score. Significant differences were found in the level of perceived social support according to the school grade of disabled child's school grade (F=4.04, p= .02) and the mother having a job presence of mothers (t=2.49, p= .01). Conclusion: These findings indicate a need for nursing intervention programs for mothers with disabled children, including anger management, methods of human relationship, support for leisure time and long term illness and providing information.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.47 no.6
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2009

This study investigated the influence of children's emotional expression and sociability, and their mothers' communication pattern on their prosocial behavior. The participants were 65 preschool children aged between 5 and 6, and their mothers. Each child-mother dyad was observed for 30 minutes in a lab setting, which was designed to evaluate the child's socioemotional competence and the mother's socialization behavior. Videotaped data were analyzed by two coders for aspects of sharing behavior, the expression of happiness, sadness, anger, anxiety, and sociability for children, and mothers' communication strategies. Results showed that children's anger and anxiety expression were the most significant predictors for their prosocial behavior. Mothers' punitive communication pattern negatively affected children's prosocial behavior. However, when compared to the children's emotional expression, its' accountability were not significant. The influence of negative emotions, and its' adverse role in interpersonal interactions are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.151-177
• /
• 2013

The present study employed a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of a 16-week parent education program based on Respected Parents & Respected Children(RPRC). 124 mothers were assigned to two groups, an intervention (n = 62) group and a waiting (n = 62) group. Mothers in the intervention group participated in the program. After termination of the preventive intervention, differences between pre- and post-tests were examined in maternal characteristics (i.e., depression and anger, maltreatment and general parenting behavior, and parenting efficacy and stress) and preschoolers' aggression. The results indicated that mothers in the intervention group had greater reductions in self-reported negative characteristics. Mothers in the waiting group also reported significant decreases in anger, physical assault and permissiveness/neglect. There was no significant reduction in levels of aggression in the preschoolers. These findings support the argument that a parent education program based on RPRC can be very effective, especially in changing maternal characteristics positively that are crucial to child outcomes.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.85-101
• /
• 2011

This study investigated both the direct and indirect influences of marital conflict on child abuse by exploring the pathways between marital conflict, maternal anger, and child maltreatment. A total of 344 mothers with 3-year-old children responded to questionnaires, which including items on marital conflict/violence, maternal anger, and child maltreatment. The data thus collected were analyzed by means of Structural Equation Modeling. The results indicated that maternal anger partially mediated the association between marital conflict and child maltreatment. In more concrete terms, the direct and indirect effects of marital conflict on child maltreatment were a little greater than the direct effect of maternal anger on child maltreatment. The effects of marital conflict on maternal anger was the greatest among all associations between the research variables included in this study. The findings of this study have a number of implications for research and practice, which highlights the important considerations that both cultivating positive marital relationships and regulating maternal anger should be emphasized in prevention and intervention programs for child maltreatment.