• 아동학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.123-143
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• 2014

This research was based on achievement goal theory which categorizes young children's motivation into three types: mastery, the performance-approach, and performance-avoidance motivation. The participants consisted of forty-eight pairs of children aged 3-4 and their mothers. The participants completed two tasks in order to indentify their motivational types. The short form of the Child Behaviour Questionnaire(CBQ-SF), modified scales from Kim and Kim(2001), and the GIPEPS were also employed. The major findings of the research are as follows: First, in terms of the motivational types of the given sample, performance-approach motivation was ranked first followed by mastery motivation. Second, it was found that the temperament of young children was not related with their motivational types. Third, there were some differences in mother-child interaction between groups based on the frequency of feedback, questions, and the percentage of commands. Fourth, the mood of the relationship appeared to be the only factor of maternal interaction quality which related to children's mastery motivation.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권7호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to clarify the influence of positive interactions between the low-income female householders and children on the mothers'psychological well-being and quality of life. The major findings are as following: First, there were high level of life satisfaction and low level of depression among the low-income female householders who perceived high level of children's emotional support. The difference from the existence of the low-income female householder\`s husband was not found in the life satisfaction and depression. After controling for the low-income female householder's health, the differences were maintained. Second, the low-income female householders who communicated with their children open-heartedly felt higher level of life satisfaction and lower level of depression than those who had less communication with their children. The difference from the existence of the low-income female householder's husband was not found in the life satisfaction and depression. After controlling for the low-income female householder\`s educational level and health, the differences were maintained. finally, the low-income female householders felt higher level of life satisfaction and lower level of depression when they listened to their children closely, and were satisfied with mother-child communication.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.22-33
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• 1997

본 연구는 반응성 애착 장애 아동(Reactive Attachment Disorder, 이하 ‘RAD’)의 혼란된 부모-아동 관계를 애착이론의 입장에서 체계적으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 1994년 8월에서 1995년8월 사이 소아정신과에 내원한 RAD 아동과 어머니 20쌍과 비교집단으로 정상 아동과 어머니 20쌍을 대상으로, 아동에 대한 내적 실행 모델 면접(Working Model of Child Interview, 1986)과 낯선 상황 절차(Strange Situation Procedure, 1978), 부모-아동 상호작용 척도(Dyadic Parent-child Interaction Coding Scales, 1983)을 실시하여 어머니의 아동에 대한 내적 표상과 어머니의 내적 표상 유형과 아동의 애착 유형과의 관계, 내적 표상 유형에 따른 어머니-아동 상호작용 양상을 살펴보았다. 1) 대상 어머니들을 3가지 내적 표상 유형으로 분류해 본 결과, 비교 집단 어머니는 모두 균형된 표상으로 분류되었고 RAD 집단 어머니는 비개입된 표상(55%), 왜곡된 표상(45%)으로 분류되었다. 2) 어머니의 아동에 대한 내적 표상 유형은 아동의 애착 유형과 체계적으로 연관되었다. 균형된 표상의 어머니의 아동은 모두 안정 애착이었고 비개입된 표상 어머니의 82%는 그 아동이 불안/회피 애착으로 분류되었고 왜곡된 표상 어머니는 56%가 그 아동이 비조직/비일관 애착, 33%는 불안/저항 애착으로 분류되었다. 3) 어머니-아동 상호작용에서, 비개입된 표상의 어머니는 아동 중심 놀이에서 균형된 표상의 어머니에 비해 묘사적 진술, 반영적 진술, 묘사/반영적 질문을 적게 사용하였고 왜곡된 표상의 어머니는 균형된 표상의 어머니에 비해 직접 명령과 간접 명령을 많이 사용하였다. 장난감 정리하기 과제에서 비개입된 표상과 왜곡된 표상의 어머니는 균형된 표상의 어머니보다 직접명령, 간접명령을 더 많이 사용하였다. 위의 결과를 통해서 볼 때, 어머니의 아동에 대한 내적 실행 모델은 아동과의 애착 관계와 어머니-아동 상호작용에 중요한 요인으로서 혼란된 어머니-아동 관계를 이해하는데 효율적인 접근을 제공하며 아동에 대한 치료적 개입에 유용한 정보를 제공해 줄 것으로 생각된다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.99-117
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• 2009

This study examined the effectiveness of the Filial Therapy program for children with Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD). Subjects were 8 mother-child dyads each in the experimental and comparison groups. Mann-Whitney U-test and the Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Ranks Test were performed following the therapeutic program. After application of the Filial Therapy program, results showed that, compared to the control group, (1) parents of SAD children in the experimental group significantly increased their level of empathic interactions with their children. AND (2) the experimental group children significantly reduced level of somatic complaints, anxious/depressed, and social problems. Conclusions were that Filial Therapy is an effective program for improvement of parent-child relationship of SAD children but not for changing problem behavior of SAD children.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

This study investigated the influence of children's emotional expression and sociability, and their mothers' communication pattern on their prosocial behavior. The participants were 65 preschool children aged between 5 and 6, and their mothers. Each child-mother dyad was observed for 30 minutes in a lab setting, which was designed to evaluate the child's socioemotional competence and the mother's socialization behavior. Videotaped data were analyzed by two coders for aspects of sharing behavior, the expression of happiness, sadness, anger, anxiety, and sociability for children, and mothers' communication strategies. Results showed that children's anger and anxiety expression were the most significant predictors for their prosocial behavior. Mothers' punitive communication pattern negatively affected children's prosocial behavior. However, when compared to the children's emotional expression, its' accountability were not significant. The influence of negative emotions, and its' adverse role in interpersonal interactions are discussed.

• 아동학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2005

Subjects were 78 12- to 35- month old infants, their mothers, and their teachers. Instruments included the Revised Toddler Temperament Questionnaire(Y. H. Choi 1990) and the Assessment Profile for Early Childhood Programs(M. K. Hong 1997; S. K. Kim 1999). There was no significant difference in perceptions of infant temperament between mothers and teachers. Infant-mother interaction differed by infant temperament in that mothers had high scores with easy infants but low scores with difficult children. On the other hand teachers maintained high interactions with difficult infants in the case of infant's rhythmicity. Infant-teacher interaction correlated with such teacher variables as teacher-infant ratio, teachers' academic backgrounds and working hours.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2005

The study reported a phenomenological analysis of the interviews with 19 mothers who had a child preparing a college entrance examination. The research question was what mothers experienced in supporting their child in his/her study for the examination. Results indicated that 'the senior year in a highschool' was described as the most stressful period affecting all the family members. Mothers' experiences were portrayed from three perspectives: mothers, as family members, experiencing the attachment to her child but conflicts with her husband; mothers, as individuals, adjusting by trying to setting realistic academic goals for her child while supporting him/her physically, emotionally, and spiritually; and mothers, as critics to extrafamily systems, blaming the inconsistency of educational policies. 1bis study was conducted with a holistic view, and highlighted the importance of interactions between traditional ideology about the mother roles and socioeconomic contexts when interpreting mothers' supporting their child in study for a college entrance examination.

• 아동학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.58-71
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• 1990

The purpose of the study was to investigate the mother-child interactions in terms of maternal child- rearing behavior, maternal self-esteem, and their school-age children's self-esteem. The subjects were, all living in the Seoul area. A pre-test was conducted twice on 98 subjects. Each time the values of Chronbach's ${\alpha}$ were obtained on maternal behavior, maternal self-esteem and children's self-esteem. Data analysis was by ANOVA, Pearson's product-moment correlation. multiple regression analysis. Chronbach's ${\alpha}$, and factor analysis. Children's self-esteem was positively related (1) to family background factors:educational level, employment status of mothers, social economic status, and number of siblings (2) to maternal self-esteem and (3) to maternal child-rearing behavior in the dimensions of affection, acceptance, and encouragement of independency. Children's self-esteem was negatively related to maternal child-rearing behavior in the dimensions of hostility, rejection and encouragement of dependency. The relative importance of independent variables on children's self-esteem was found to be in the following order:mother's educational level. social economic status, and number of siblings (${\beta}=0.5935$, p< .001), maternal child-rearing behavior in the affection-hostility dimension (${\beta}=0.0849$, p< .001), and in the acceptance-rejection dimension(${\beta}=0.0365$, p< .05). The regression model showed that 25 percent of the children's self-esteem could be accounted for by family background factors. and maternal child-rearing behavior in the affection-hostility dimension and the acceptance-rejection dimension ($R^2=0.25$).

• 아동학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.75-94
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• 2015

This study examined short-term longitudinal reciprocal relationships between maternal parenting behavior and preschoolers' compliance/noncompliance, as well as stability in both maternal parenting behavior and preschoolers' compliance/noncompliance over time. The sample which was used for this study was taken from a two-wave (one year apart) longitudinal study of preschool-aged children and their mothers (N = 53 dyads). At both times, mothers and their children were invited to a laboratory and engaged in 25 minutes of play involving three episodes of mother-child interaction. Maternal parenting behavior and preschoolers' compliance/noncompliance during play were coded using the Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System-III (DPICS-III). Maternal codes included positive, neutral, and negative parenting behaviors and child codes were comprised of compliance and noncompliance. The results revealed that during the play session, maternal neutral and negative parenting behavior and preschoolers' compliance were stable over time. In addition, T1 maternal negative parenting behavior was significantly related to T2 child compliance/noncompliance. However, T1 child compliance/noncompliance were not significantly associated with T2 maternal parenting behavior. These findings suggest that during the preschool period, there are unidirectional effects from mothers to children.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2000

The Low Birth Weight infant birth rate in this country is a little more than 15 percent and is being increased. The survival rate of Low Birth Weight infant is over 90 percent and recently the rate runs is getting. However, because of the high risk of Low Birth Weight infant for handicap in growth, a preventive nursing intervention program for Low Birth Weight infant and their mother is considered to be necessary. Touch and massage, thus sensory stimulation has been considered to be important ensuring a normal growth of Low Birth Weight infant During the past decades sensory stimulation program has been used for premature and Low Birth Weight infants. Recently a study on the sensory stimulation for Low Birth Weight infants has bee n done in this country. Mother and infant relationship has a great influence on child's development. Especially, mother and infant interaction during one year after birth plays important role in child's social. affective and cognitive developments. But in the study of Low Birth Weight infants, the mother and infant interaction has been rare yet. However, there was no study effectiveness of the sensory stimulation on mother and infant interaction. In this respect, this study based on the importance of the nursing intervention, is intended to measure the effectiveness of the massage therapy in the aspects of weight, daily feeding amount, cortisolurine stress hormone and mother and infant interactions. This study has been conducted on the nonequivalent control group pretestposttest design in quasi experimental basis and Low Birth Weight infants from NICU of two Medical University Hospitals located in Taegu Metropolitan were selected in experimental group of 21 infants and control group of 20 infants. Data has been collected from May 1, 1999 to September 5, 2000. For the experimental group Field's sensory stimulation(tactile and kinesthetic stimulation) was applied 2 times a day for 10 days(10:00 - 11:00 hours in the morning and 19:00 - 20:00 in the afternoon) by nurse and mother. The electronic indicator scale (Cas Co. Korea) was used to measure infant's body weight. To determine urine cortisol concentration level under stress, rad immuno assay method was used. And to determine mother and infant interactions during feeding, tools developed by Kim Mi-Ye (1999) were used. Collected data were analyzed with SAS program using x-test, t-test, paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. Findings were as follows : 1. For the daily mean weight gain, the experimental group showed little higher than the control group, even though, there was no Statistically significant differences between two groups. 2. For the amount of daily mean feeding, the experimental group showed little higher than the control group, while there was no Statistically significant differences between two groups. 3. The level of wine cortisol concentration was increased in both groups, while no Statistical significance was shown between the two groups. 4. Mothers in experimental group were more likely to have higher mean scores in mother and infant interaction during feeding than mothers in the control group. Statistical significance was shown between the two groups(t= 5.78, P=.001). In conclusion, the massage therapy in this study showed with regard to even though through there was no statistically significance in the weight gain and urine stress hormone concentration. there was Statistical significantly higher in the mother and infant interaction during feeding. Based on the result of this study, it is considered that the massage therapy should be applied clinical practice and home to help a developmental growth and interaction of Low Birth Weight infants and mothers during the period of recovery.