• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.188-196
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• 2021

Background: This study purposed to analyze the relationship between extinction risk regions and amenable mortality. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on the statistics of 2018 which was extracted from the 228 administrative districts in Korea. Cause of death statistics on each region in 2018 was used to produce the age-adjusted amenable mortality. Regional characteristics were measured by demographic factors, health behavior factors, socioeconomic factors, and medical resources factors. Multiple linear regression model was applied to test their relationship. Results: Results showed that extinction risk regions, crude divorce rates, national cancer screening rates, and independent rate of finance were significantly related to the amenable mortality. Conclusion: The study demonstrated differences in health status by the extinction risks of regions. This study suggests that the use of customized community care program can provide integrated services such as housing, health care or the use of information and communications technology which can make early diagnosis.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.76-82
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• 2002

Objective : To investigate the relationships of occupational class, educational level and deprivation with mortality in Korea Methods : This study used existing South Korean national data on occupation, educational level, and deprivation and death. Mortality was investigated using registered death data from 1993 to 1997 obtained from the Korean National Statistics Office (NSO) with denominators drawn from the 1995 Census. Statistical analysis consisted of poisson regression modeling and multilevel analysis. Results : The lower occupational class (manual workers) group had a higher mortality rate than the higher occupational class (non-manual workers) group Educational level, and deprivation were both inversely related withand mortality. Occupation was strongly associated with education. Area-based deprivation indicators and individual indices for social class made an independent contribution to the mortality risk. Conclusions : The findings of this study suggests that the relationships of occupational class, educational level and deprivation with mortality appears to be stronger in Korea than in European countries.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.1169-1182
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• 2016

한국인의 전형적인 사망 원인인 암은 보건 분야에서 중요한 문제이다. 통계청이 제시한 Cause of death statistics (2014)에 따르면, 7대 광역시 중 부산의 표준화 사망률 (standardized mortality rate; SMR)이 가장 높게 나타났다. 이 논문에서는 부산지역암센터의 암등록자료를 이용하여 암발생률과 암사망률의 정도를 추정하고자 한다. 2003~2009년 자료를 대상으로 구/동과 같은 소지역 단위를 고려하였으며, 전체 암과 4대 주요암 (위암, 대장암, 폐암, 간암)에 대해 분석하였다. 공간 상관성을 고려한 공간 다수준 모형을 통해 모형 선택과 모수 추정을 수행하였다. 공간 효과에 대해서는 조건부 자기회귀 (conditional autoregressive; CAR)를 가정하였으며 WinBUGS를 이용하였다. 분석의 결과로 각 지역에서의 공간 효과를 어떻게 분석하고 해석하는지 제시하였다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.100-113
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• 2021

Background: This study aims to figure out the gaps in health status by estimating amenable mortality rate by region, reflecting the characteristics of Korea, and estimating the years of life lost (YLL) per capita by disease. Methods: People who died from amenable diseases between 2008 and 2018 were extracted from the cause of death statistics provided by Statistics Korea. The age-standardized amenable mortality rates were estimated to compare the health status of 229 regions. YLL per capita was calculated to compute the burden of diseases caused by treatable deaths by region. The YLL per capita by region was calculated to identify the burden of disease caused by amenable deaths. Results: First, while the annual amenable mortality rate in Korea is on a steady decline, but there is still a considerable gap between urban and rural areas when comparing the mortality rates of 229 areas. Second, YLL per capita due to the amenable deaths is approximately 14 person-years during the analysis period (2008-2018). Conclusion: Although the health status of Koreans has continuously improved, there is still a gap in health status region by region in terms of amenable mortality rates. Amenable death accounts for a loss of life equivalent to 14 person-years per year. Since the amenable mortality rate is an indicator that can measure the performance of the health care system, efforts at each local area are required to lower it.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.149-153
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• 2016

Objective : The aim of the present study is to estimate the incidence trend of head injury and the mortality based on traffic accident statistics and to investigate the impacts of rapid industrialization and economic growth on epidemiology of head injury in Korea over the period 1970-2012 including both pre-industrialized and post-industrialized stages. Methods : We collected data of head injury estimated from traffic accident statistics and seven hospital based reports to see incidence trends between 1970 and 2012. We also investigated the population structure and Gross National Income (GNI) per capita of Korea over the same period. The age specific data were investigated from 1992 to 2012. Results : The incidence of head injury gradually rose in the 1970s and the 1980s but stabilized until the 1990s with transient rise and then started to decline slowly in the 2000s. The mortality grew until 1991 but gradually declined ever since. However, the old age groups showed rather slight increase in both rates. The degree of decrease in the mortality has been more rapid than the incidence on head injury. Conclusion : In Korea during the low income stage, rapid industrialization cause considerable increase in the mortality and the incidence of head injury. During the high income stage, the incidence of head injury gradually declined and the mortality dropped more rapidly than the incidence due to preventive measures and satisfactory medical care. Nevertheless, the old age groups revealed rather slight increase in both rates owing to the large population structure and the declining birth rate.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.705-720
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• 2012

In this paper, we introduce a hierarchical Bayesian model to simultaneously estimate the thresholds of each 6 cities. It was noted in the literature there was a dramatic increases in the number of deaths if the mean temperature passes a certain value (that we call a threshold). We estimate the difference of mortality before and after the threshold. For the hierarchical Bayesian analysis, some proper prior distribution of parameters and hyper-parameters are assumed. By combining the Gibbs and Metropolis-Hastings algorithm, we constructed a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm and the posterior inference was based on the posterior sample. The analysis shows that the estimates of the threshold are located at $25^{\circ}C{\sim}29^{\circ}C$ and the mortality around the threshold changes from -1% to 2~13%.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2011

Ground-level ozone, an air pollutant that is monitored by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), damages human health by irritating the respiratory system, reducing lung function, damaging lung cells, and aggravating asthma and other chronic conditions. In March 2008, the EPA strengthened ozone standards by lowering acceptable limits from 84 parts per billion to 75 parts per billion. Here epidemiologic data is used to study the effects of ozone regulation on human health and assessed how various regulatory standards for ozone may affect nonaccidental mortality, including respiratory-related deaths during ozone season. The assessment uses statistical methods based on hierarchical Bayesian models to predict the potential effects of the different regulatory standards. It also analyzes the variability of the results and ho they are impacted by different modeling assumptions. We focused on the technical an statistical approach to assessing relationship between new ozone regulations and mortality while other researches have detailed the relationship between ozone and human mortality. We shows a statistical correlation between ozone regulations and mortality, with lower limits of acceptable ozone linked to a decrease in deaths, and projects that mortality is expected to decrease by reducing ozone regulatory standards.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.4237-4245
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• 2015

Breast cancer is a menacing cancer, primarily affecting women. Continuous research is going on for detecting breast cancer in the early stage as the possibility of cure in early stages is bright. There are two main objectives of this current study, first establish statistics for breast cancer and second to find methodologies which can be helpful in the early stage detection of the breast cancer based on previous studies. The breast cancer statistics for incidence and mortality of the UK, US, India and Egypt were considered for this study. The finding of this study proved that the overall mortality rates of the UK and US have been improved because of awareness, improved medical technology and screening, but in case of India and Egypt the condition is less positive because of lack of awareness. The methodological findings of this study suggest a combined framework based on data mining and evolutionary algorithms. It provides a strong bridge in improving the classification and detection accuracy of breast cancer data.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.677-688
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• 2016

Purpose: In this study, we examine the effects of circulatory diseases mortality in South Korea 2005-2013 using the air pollution index, Methods: We cluster the region of high risk mortality by SaTScan$^{TM}$9.3.1 and compare this result with the regional distribution of air pollution. We use the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) to consider the spatial heterogeneity of data collected by administrative district in order to estimate the model. As GWR is spatial analysis techniques utilizing the spatial information, regression model estimated for each region on the assumption that regression coefficients are different by region. Results: As a result of estimating model of the collected air pollution index, circulatory diseases mortality data combined with the spatial information, GWR was found to solve the problem of spatial autocorrelation and increase the fit of the model than OLS regression model. Conclusion: GWR is used to select the air pollution affecting the disease each year, the K-means cluster analysis discover the characteristics of the distribution of air pollution by region.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.41-59
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• 2016

지속적인 사망률 개선으로 인한 평균 수명연장은 인구 고령화의 주요인이며 연금 공급자의 재정건전성에 심각한 영향을 미치는 원인으로 지목되기에 정확한 미래 사망률의 예측은 현 시점에서 선행되어야할 중요한 과제다. 본 연구는 미래 사망률을 예측하는 대표적인 확률적 사망률 모형인 Lee-Carter 모형을 사용하여 과거 생명표로 산출한 왜도를 기반으로 미래 사망률 지수를 간접적으로 예측하는 왜도예측방식을 제시한다. 기존의 Lee-Carter 모형을 이용한 사망률 예측방식은 사망률 지수를 추정하고 미래값을 직접 예측함으로써 미래 사망률이 지나치게 개선되는 현상을 보이며, 이를 바탕으로 산출된 연금액과 지급기간 추정 등 연금 공급자의 리스크 관리에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 기존 예측 방식의 사망률 예측 결과와 제시한 왜도 예측 방식의 사망률 예측 결과를 비교함으로써 기존 사망률 예측 방식의 문제점을 지적한다. 분석결과 왜도 예측을 통한 Lee-Carter 모형의 사망률 예측은 기존 방식보다 사망률 개선효과를 더 적게 반영하며 장수리스크를 덜 왜곡한다는 데 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. 하지만 기존 방식 간 차이를 감안하여 적정한 미래 사망률 수준을 찾기 위해 임의로 부여한 가중치에 대해 향후 검토가 필요할 것으로 보인다.