• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.179-186
• /
• 2021

We have been developed the smart tourism app and the Instagram and YouTube contents to provide personalized tourism information and travel product information to individual tourists. In this paper, we develop a rule-based smart tourism chatbot with the khaiii (Kakao Hangul Analyzer III) morphological analyzer and Neo4J graph database. In the proposed chatbot system, we use a morpheme analyzer, a proper noun dictionary including tourist destination names, and a general noun dictionary including containing frequently used words in tourist information search to understand the intention of the user's question. The tourism knowledge base built using the Neo4J graph database provides adequate answers to tourists' questions. In this paper, the nodes of Neo4J are Area based on tourist destination address, Contents with property of tourist information, and Service including service attribute data frequently used for search. A Neo4J query is created based on the result of analyzing the intention of a tourist's question with the property of nodes and relationships in Neo4J database. An answer to the question is made by searching in the tourism knowledge base. In this paper, we create the tourism knowledge base using more than 1300 Jeju tourism information used in the smart tourism app. We plan to develop a multilingual smart tour chatbot using the named entity recognition (NER), intention classification using conditional random field(CRF), and transfer learning using the pretrained language models.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
• /
• 제35권9호
• /
• pp.547-553
• /
• 2008

본 논문에서는 2 단계 서류 레이아웃 분할 방법을 제안한다. 서류 분할의 1 차 단계는 top-down 계열의 영역 추출로서 모폴로지 기반의 거리 함수를 사용하여 주어진 영상 데이타를 사각형 영역들로 분할한다. 거리 사상 함수를 통한 예비 결과는 성능 개선을 위한 2 차 단계의 입력 변수로 작용한다. 서류 분할의 2차 단계로서 기계 학습 이론을 적용한다. 통계 모델을 따르는 RBF 신경망을 선택하였고, 은닉 층의 설계를 위해 코호넨 네트워크의 자기 조직화 성격을 활용한 데이타 군집화 기법을 기반으로 하였다. 본 논문에서는 300개의 영상에서 추출된 영역 데이타를 통해 학습된 신경망이 1차 단계에서 도출된 예비 결과를 개선함을 연구 결과로 제시하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.161-168
• /
• 2000

Plasmid pLEX3 isolated from the recombinant cosmid library of Zoogloea ramigera 115 was found to be responsible for the restoration of the rugose colony phenotype. To confirm the essential region responsible for the complementation, subclones were constructed from plasmid pLEX3 and transformed into mutant strain Z. ramigera 115SLR. The recombinant plasmids pLEX10 and pLEX11 were shown to complement the slime-forming property of Z. ramigera 115SLR. In a compositional analysis of the exopolysaccharides from Z. ramigera 115, Z. ramigera 115SLR, and Z. ramigera 115SLR harboring plasmid pLEX11, the exopolysaccharides showed a similar composition with glucose, galactose, and side chain groups. The complete nucleotide sequence of the 3.25kb genocim DNA insert in plasmid pLEX11 was determined and its analysis identified two open reading frames which could encode two proteins. The gene products derived form the two open reading frames were confirmed by and in vivo transcription using a T7-RNA polymerase. The ORF1 produced a 30 kDa protein, whereas the ORF2 was found responsible for the complementation of the morphological mutation and produced a 14 kDa protein. An in vivo gene expression of plasmid pTEX10 showed another open reading frame encoding a 50 kDa protein. The gene products form ORF1 and ORF2 are regarded as novel proteins which do not show any homology with other proteins.

• 한국에너지공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국에너지공학회 1996년도 춘계학술발표회 초록집
• /
• pp.88-96
• /
• 1996

The characteristic analysis of fly ash generated from a fired power plant using bunker-C oil has been investigated. Ash size distribution by an optical microscopy with image processing technique, morphological shape by a scanning electron microscope(SEM) and microscope, chemical composition by the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry(ICP), and resistivity measurement as a function of temperature and moisture content by the resistivity meter are performed. A study of physical, chemical and electrical characteristics of bunker-C fly ash plays an important role of improving the performance of an electrostatic precipitator and protecting air pollution. The samples of bunker-C fly ash for analysis were collected from the electrostatic precipitator hopper of Ulsan Power Plant Unit 1 and Pusan Power Plant Unit 1. Mass median diameter(MMD) of bunker-C fly ash was measured 12.7${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, while MMD of fly ash generated from the mixture of bunker-C oil(40%) and domestic anthracitic coal(60%) was 25.7${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. The morphological structure of bunker-C fly ash consisted of fine particles of non-spherical shape. The primary chemical components of bunker-C fly ash were composed of SiO2(2.36%), Al2O3(4.91%), Fe2O3(14.33%) and C(11.84%). Resistivity of bunker-C fly ash was found to be increased with increasing temperature at the range of 100~15$0^{\circ}C$ and was measured 103~104 ohm-cm.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.36.3-37
• /
• 2015

4C39.25 (0923+392) is a distant radio loud AGN placed at redshift 0.695. The motivation of our work is peculiar properties 4C39.25. Firstly, it has a conspicuous distinction of jet direction between kilo-parsec scale observation made by VLA (Kollgaard et al. 1990) and the parsec scale observation by VLBA (Kellermann et al. 1998). This might indicate episodic-jet activity which recently turned on. This object currently shows two stationary compact parsec-scale components which are bright jet component on east and less luminous core on west. Also, it is known that there have been superluminal jet components which are flowing from the core toward east, and then merging with the bright jet component (Marscher et al. 1991, Alberdi et al. 2000, Lister et al. 2013). Although 4C39.25 seems to be a blazar-like source having broad emission lines (SDSS) and superluminal motion, its property that jet component is brighter than the core is different from ordinary blazars. Furthermore, it has young radio galaxy-like properties such as non-variation in total flux (Alberdi et al. 1997, 2000, MOJAVE database) and high frequency peak at spectral energy distribution (Orienti et al 2007). Such complex properties led us to make recent observations to reveal precise properties and new changes of the source. We used Korean VLBI Network (KVN) and VLBI Exploration of Radio Astronomy (VERA) Array (KaVA) which provide high-frequency (23GHz and 43GHz) and high spatial resolution (1.2mas and 0.6mas). Therefore, this system is suitable for morphological and physical research on parsec scale structure. We present results for several epochs observed during 2013 to 2014, mainly focusing on morphological changes of 4C39.25 using KaVA images.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 1992

도토리 전분 및 전분겔의 형태학적 특성을 주사전자현미경 및 X-회절도를 사용하여 조사하였다. 주사전자현미경에 의해 관찰한 도토리 전분입자의 형상은 대부분이 모서리가 둥글어진 삼각형이나 타원형이었다. 도토리 전분의 장경, 단경을 측정하여 각각의 분포양상을 분석하였고, 그로부터 얻은 평균치는 단경이 4.785 $\mu\textrm{m}$, 장경이 7.30$\mu\textrm{m}$이었고, 장단경의 비율은 0.68이었다. 도토리 전분겔의 표면구조 검사결과 조전분겔의 표면은 입자들이 팽창하여 그대로 층층이 쌓여진듯한 형상이었고, 정제전분겔은 다소 섬유상의 구조를 나타내어 서로 상당히 다른 양상을 보였다. 또한 X-선 회절도에 의하여 도토리 전분입자의 결정성을 조사한 결과 C-type으로 분석되었다. 전분겔의 X-선 회절양상은 호화에 의한 전분입자의 붕괴로 인하여 전분의 경우와는 매우 다르게 2$\theta$ 14.5~15.0, 26.8~27.4에서 극대값을 보였고, 정제전분겔의 회절강도가 조전분겔보다 다소 높게 나타나고 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.520-527
• /
• 2009

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L) is a high-quality forage for ruminants and the main stem is the dominant morphological component contributing to the forage nutritive value in mature alfalfa forage. Shearing force, a fracturing property of plant stem, is an important indictor of forage value. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of morphological characteristic on shearing force, the relationship between shearing force and chemical composition, and the relationship between shearing force and in situ digestibility of alfalfa stem. The results showed that linear density (weight per unit length of stem) was more important than chemical composition in affecting shearing force. There was a positive relationship between lignin content and shearing force (r = 0.78). Correlations were not found between shearing force and other chemical components such as neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose and hemicelluloses. In situ digestibility (of dry matter and NDF) was related to shearing force. A negative correlation was found between shearing force and dry matter (DM) digestibility (r = -0.70), and there was also a negative correlation between shearing force and NDF digestibility (r = -0.87). When shearing force was standardized for stem diameter or stem linear density, the relationship between shearing force and digestibility was consistent regardless of stem diameter and stem linear density. Shearing force was significantly correlated with lignin content and in situ digestibility (of DM and NDF), and was a more direct indicator for estimating forage nutritive value related to animal performance, so it can be used to predict the forage value of alfalfa.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.738-744
• /
• 2012

Gastrodia elata Blume is used for a variety of purposes including treatment of inflammation in the Korean medicine. The present study investigated whether the G. elata extracts have the anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia cells. G. elata extracts showed an anti-inflammatory effects in the morphological and nitric oxide(NO) analysis, especially in hexane extract. So we investigated the hexane extract from G. elata in the following experiments. Hexane extract significantly inhibited the secretion of NO with protein level of inducible nitric oxide synthase in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Hexane extract also inhibited LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses involving the degradation of cytosolic inhibitory(I)-${\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and the translocation of nuclear factor(NF)-${\kappa}Bp65$ to nucleus in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia cells by morphological analysis. Western blot analyse confirmed that I-${\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and NF-${\kappa}Bp65$ showed a similar pattern as morphological analysis. Our results suggest that G. elata extracts, especially hexane extract, may act as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory disease in the central nervous system through a selective regulation of NO production and NF-${\kappa}B$ activation.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.342-347
• /
• 2011

본 연구에서는 폴리프로필렌(PP)과 올레핀계 열가소성 엘라스토머(TPO)를 생분해성 고분자인 폴리카프로락톤(PCL)과 각각 블렌드할 경우 상용화제의 효과에 대하여 연구하였다. 본 연구에 사용한 TPO는 PP(80 wt%), EPDM(15 wt%) 그리고 Talc(5 wt%) 로 구성된 혼합체이며, 상용화제로는 maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene(PP-g-MAH)와 maleic anhydride grafted styrene-(ethylene-co-butene)-styrene copolymer(SEBS-g-MAH)를 사용하였다. PP/PCL 그리고 TPO/PCL 각각의 블렌드에서, PP-g-MAH 를 상용화제로 첨가한 경우 인장강도가 향상되는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 충격강도의 경우에는 rubber 를 포함하고 있는 SEBS-g-MAH를 상용화제로 사용하였을 때 향상되는 것을 알 수 있었다. PP/PCL 블렌드에 PP-g-MAH 상용화제를 첨가한 결과 PCL의 droplet 크기가 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 유변물성 측정결과 상용화제 첨가에 따라 각각 블렌드에서 복합점도 변화가 작음을 알 수 있었는데 이것은 상용화제가 블렌드의 상용성 변화에 미치는 영향이 작아 용융점도에 미치는 영향이 미미하기 때문으로 사료된다. 요약하면, 블렌드의 기계적 물성, 모폴로지 및 유변학적 물성 측정 결과 PP/PCL과 TPO/PCL 각각의 블렌드에서 PP-g-MAH 상용화제는 PCL droplet 크기를 감소시켜 인장강도를 향상시키는 역할을 하였으며, SEBS-g-MAH 는 충격강도를 향상시키는 보강제로서의 역할을 하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.7-15
• /
• 2015

The egg white phantom is a thermal lesion visualization phantom able to illustrate a thermal lesion. It is often used to evaluate the performance of HIFU and is less expensive than the BSA phantom. This study determined the optimal phantom composition for evaluated therapeutic ultrasound machines by varying the egg white concentration in the egg white phantom and demonstrated its utility as a therapeutic ultrasound phantom. The egg white phantom at varying egg white concentrations (10-40% in 10% intervals) was fabricated, and its thermal properties and acoustic properties were assessed. In addition, the size and shape of the formed lesion were compared between the egg white phantom and bovine liver tissue according to the electrical power. The results showed that 30% egg white phantom was optimal for the performance evaluation due to its thermal and acoustic properties. The generated thermal lesions formed sequentially as a cigar, ellipse, tadpole, and cone shapes according to the electrical power; a similar tendency was observed in the liver tissue. Hence, we conclude that the egg white phantom will prove useful in quantitatively evaluating the thermal effects of therapeutic ultrasound.