• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.467-484
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to review, with the main focus on aviation safety technology and management program, how human factors are currently taken into consideration within transportation sectors, especially aviation, and to further share related information. Background: Human factors account for the majority of aviation accidents/incidents. Thus, the aviation sector has been comparatively quick in developing and applying technologies and management programs that deal with human factors. This paper reviews the latest safety technologies and management programs regarding human factors and aims to identify the trend. Method: This paper, based on literature research and practical experience, examines the latest international standards on technologies and management programs, those that deal with human factors and are adopted by international and domestic aviation organization. The main focus of discussion is how human factors are reflected during the system design and operation process. Results: The current most important issue in designing is the consideration of human factors in Cockpit, Automation, and Safety system technology design. From an operational point of view, the issues at hand are screening and training aviation workers to promote aviation safety, providing education on human factors and CRM/TEM, and running a safety management program to implement SMS. They were discussed based on the operational experience within the aviation sector. Conclusion: Major examples of a human factors approach to promote aviation safety are safety programs and various safety and monitoring technologies applied to aviation personnel for error management. These programs must be managed in an integrated manner that takes both the system designing and operational point of view into account. Application: It is thought that the human factors approach for promoting aviation safety reviewed in this paper can be extended and applied to safety management programs in other transportation sectors such as the railroad, maritime, road traffic etc.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.40-71
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• 1986

By developing a computer program for the systematic design of worm gears, the design formulae and tables of AGMA, JGMA, BS and DIN are analized and compared. The computer program can be used on micro-computers. According to the input data of the reduction ratio, the center distance. the driving torque and the material as design parameters, the program calculate the most efficient worm gear dimension. The variation of the design parameters and other empirical coefficients in case of resulting an inadequate design gear dimension can be easily modified throuth the way of interactive method between the user and the monitoring system of computer. A proposal of the standardization of worm gears was made in which a standard module according to the DIN 323 standard series number was applied. For the more exact and effective calculation of the stress concentration and the deformation of gear teeth, a computer program using the boundary element method is also developed. Even the strength of the special gear shape such as Niemann's "Cavex" gear can be calculated in a short CPU-time. The most effort of this study has been layed on the developing a computer program for the correction of a tooth profile and face width which is most important design factor for an exact and wide teeth contacts under loads, especially by great and wide gears. For this purpose were investigated the tooth stiffness, the mesh interferences and the kinematics and the dynamics of gear mesh. The deflection and the deformation of the gear shaft due to the loads acting on gear and shaft were aslo considered. Some examples have shown the sufficient good status of teeth contact in which the correction of the tooth profile and face width were accomplished due to the calculated results.d results.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.151-166
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• 2007

최근의 경영환경의 발전 추세는 프로세스가 복잡해지고, 다수의 기업이 서로 상호작용하는 다조직 프로세스의 필요성이 증대되는 방향으로 전개되고 있다. 그리고, 이러한 문제에 대한 시스템적 접근법으로 BPM 시스템이 각광을 받고 있다. 그러나, 아직까지 BPM 시스템은 참여 주체들 사이에 발생하는 민감한 데이터나 정보에 대한 접근권한의 통제 기능을 제공하지 못하고 있다. 기존의 RBAC (Role-based Access Control) 모델은 승인을 얻지 못한 사용자가 객체에 접근하는 것을 방지하기 위한 논리적인 틀을 제공하기 위해 데이터베이스 및 다양한 어플리케이션에 도입되어 왔다 그러나, B2B와 SCM 등과 같은 보다 동적인 환경에서 기존의 방법론으로는 권한의 동적인 구성과 적용이 어려운 문제점을 안고 있다. 본 논문께서는 RBAC방법론에 기반한 새로운 권한 템플릿을 제시하고 이를 통해 기업간 전자거래에서의 접근 권한 통제를 효과적으로 할 수 있는 방법론을 제시한다. 또한 이러한 방법론의 프로토타입 시스템의 의사코드를 제시한다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.159-182
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• 2015

This study focuses on the amplitude dependency of damping of tall structures by the random decrement technique (RDT). Many researchers have adopted RDT to establish the amplitude dependency of damping ratios in super-tall buildings under strong wind loads. In this study, a series of simulated examples were analyzed to examine the reliability of this method. Results show that damping ratios increase as vibration amplitudes increase in several cases; however, the damping ratios in the simulated signals were preset as constants. This finding reveals that this method and the derived amplitude-dependent damping ratio characteristics are unreliable. Moreover, this method would obviously yield misleading results if the simulated signals contain Gaussian white noise. Full-scale measurements on a super-tall building were conducted during four typhoons, and the recorded data were analyzed to observe the amplitude dependency of damping ratio. Relatively wide scatter is observed in the resulting damping ratios, and the damping ratios do not appear to have an obvious nonlinear relationship with vibration amplitude. Numerical simulation and field measurement results indicate that the widely-used method for establishing the amplitude-dependent damping characteristics of super-tall buildings and the conclusions derived from it might be questionable at the least. More field-measured data must be collected under strong wind loads, and the damping characteristics of super-tall buildings should be investigated further.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.657-667
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• 2001

This study was designed to develop a website for providing nutrition information and education for college women and young women. The website focuses on two topics ; general nutrition and desirable weight control. This program is located at http : // www.ezydiet.co.kr. This program is composed of 5 major sections. The first two sections were designed to provide information ; one for general nutrition, and the other for providing information regarding weight control. The first section includes information regarding young adult women's diet, nutrition standards, such as the RDA or Korean Food Pyramid, drinking and smoking. The second section coveres information regarding desirable control, foods with high or low calories, eating disorders and popularly used dieting methods. The third section is for simple nutrition assessment, consisting of assessment of ideal body weight and obesity, energy requirements, and eating habits. The fourth section was designed to introduce and help users to apply behavioral modification techniques, such as monitoring, goal setting, stimulus control and reinforcement. The final section was designed for meal planning, by introducing a food exchange list and menu examples for one week. The characteristics of this web-based program are as follows ; 1) provide nutrition information systematically, 2) involve sections for the participation of the user, 3) include food pictures to help understanding of nutrition information, 4) include management modules for some sections to revise or update the information. One-hundred and ten female university students participated in the evaluation of this website. The evaluation results were favorable. About 90% of subjects rated that this program covers major topics 'well ' or 'very well', and that it was 'easy'to 'very easy'to understand the contents on website. Two-thirds of subjects rated quite positively on questions regarding attractiveness, overall quality and technical quality of website. In addition, about three-fourths of subjects answered that this website was helpful in increasing nutrition knowledge and in applying nutrition information into daily life. These results suggested the possibility of using a website as a means of providing nutrition information and education for young adult women.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.71-95
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• 2006

이 글에서는 복잡한 설문구조를 가진 사회조사에서 CAPI를 활용할 때 나타날 수 있는 장점을 고령화연구패널조사(Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing: KLoSA) 제1차년도 조사 및 예비조사에서 실제 작성한 CAPI 설문 사례를 가지고 살펴보았다. 특히 CAPI 활용이 자료의 질(data quality)을 어떻게 향상시켜 줄 수 있는가에 초점을 맞추어 다음과 같은 다섯 가지 측면에서 살펴보았다. 첫째, CAPI는 설문 논리와 경로 구조화, 응답 범위 설정, 응답 일관성 유지 등을 통하여 응답 오류를 줄여준다. 둘째, 응답자 맞춤식 설문 문항 작성, 자동 계산 및 채점, 도움말 탑재 등을 통하여 면접의 편의성을 제고시켜 준다. 셋째, 설문 문항의 순서를 무작위로 배치할 수 있어서 보기 순서 효과나 문항 순서 효과를 방지하여 준다. 넷째, 항목 무응답을 감소시켜 응답률을 높이는 효과가 있다. 다섯째, 면접 상황을 모니터링하여 설문을 개선하거나 면접원을 감독하는 데에 도움을 준다. CAPI가 가진 이와 같은 특성은 면접 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 오류를 감소시키고, 또한 면접 편의성을 제고하여 면접의 흐름을 자연스럽게 만들어준다.

• 정보화정책
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.44-67
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• 2017

시장 여건의 변화 속에 상업용 부동산이 국가경제에서 차지하는 비중이 높아지고 있고, 기관 및 개인의 상업용 부동산 관련 직접투자 및 관심도가 증가함에 따라 객관적이고 정확한 투자정보를 제공하여 합리적 의사결정 및 투명성이 높은 시장을 이끌어야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 상업용 부동산시장을 둘러싼 여건변화에 부합하고 우리나라 상업용 부동산시장을 선진국 수준의 투명성과 경쟁력을 갖춘 선진시장으로 유도하기 위해, 한국 상황에 맞는 상업용 부동산 정보체계를 구축 방안을 도출하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구 목표를 위해 먼저 우리나라 상업용 부동산 정보를 수집 생산 활용이라는 단계로 구분하여 고찰하였으며, 해외사례로 민간주도로 운영되는 미국의 NCREIF와 공공주도로 운영되는 싱가포르의 URA를 유형별로 분류하여 검토 비교하였다. 향후에도 구축한 상업용 부동산 정보체계는 모니터링 체계를 구성하여 효율적으로 관리되어야 할 것이며, 정보체계 단계적으로 확대하여 정보체계 이용자의 접근성과 활용성이 제고되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.217-229
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• 2017

보의 표면에 부착된 압전웨이퍼를 통해 가진되고 측정되는 고주파수 대역의 전기역학적 신호는 보에 발생한 미세 손상에 매우 민감하다. 이러한 부착형 압전웨이퍼의 장점을 이용한 보의 손상 진단을 효과적으로 수행하기 위해서는 압전웨이퍼의 탐지범위 예측이 필요하다. 고주파수 대역에서 압전웨이퍼의 탐지범위에 영향을 주는 여러 가지 요인 중 가장 지배적인 인자는 보의 감쇠이다. 이 연구에서는 보에 부착된 압전웨이퍼의 전기역학적 신호를 이용하여 보의 감쇠를 추정할 수 있는 기법을 제시한다. 공진이 발생하는 과정에서 보의 감쇠효과를 고려하여 압전웨이퍼의 전기역학적 신호를 파전달 관점에서 정식화한다. 실제 계측된 전기역학적 신호로부터 구한 측정 감쇠비 함수값과 정식화된 전기역학적 신호로부터 계산된 감쇠비 함수값의 차이를 최소화하는 최소자승법을 통해 보의 감쇠비를 추정한다. 제시된 방법을 압전웨이퍼가 병치되어 있는 알루미늄 보 수치 및 실험 예제에 적용하여 타당성을 검증한다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.957-980
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• 2016

Structural damage detection (SDD) is a challenging task in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM). As an exploring attempt to the SDD problem, a hybrid self-adaptive Firefly-Nelder-Mead (SA-FNM) algorithm is proposed for the SDD problem in this study. First of all, the basic principle of firefly algorithm (FA) is introduced. The Nelder-Mead (NM) algorithm is incorporated into FA for improving the local searching ability. A new strategy for exchanging the information in the firefly group is introduced into the SA-FNM for reducing the computation cost. A random walk strategy for the best firefly and a self-adaptive control strategy of three key parameters, such as light absorption, randomization parameter and critical distance, are proposed for preferably balancing the exploitation and exploration ability of the SA-FNM. The computing performance of the SA-FNM is evaluated and compared with the basic FA by three benchmark functions. Secondly, the SDD problem is mathematically converted into a constrained optimization problem, which is then hopefully solved by the SA-FNM algorithm. A multi-step method is proposed for finding the minimum fitness with a big probability. In order to assess the accuracy and the feasibility of the proposed method, a two-storey rigid frame structure without considering the finite element model (FEM) error and a steel beam with considering the model error are taken examples for numerical simulations. Finally, a series of experimental studies on damage detection of a steel beam with four damage patterns are performed in laboratory. The illustrated results show that the proposed method can accurately identify the structural damage. Some valuable conclusions are made and related issues are discussed as well.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.345-360
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• 2020

Modern swarm intelligence heuristic search methods are widely applied in the field of structural health monitoring due to their advantages of excellent global search capacity, loose requirement of initial guess and ease of computational implementation etc. To this end, a hybrid strategy is proposed based on butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA) and differential evolution (DE) with purpose of effective combination of their merits. In the proposed identification strategy, two improvements including mutation and crossover operations of DE, and dynamic adaptive operators are introduced into original BOA to reduce the risk to be trapped in local optimum and increase global search capability. The performance of the proposed algorithm, hybrid butterfly optimization and differential evolution algorithm (HBODEA) is evaluated by two numerical examples of a simply supported beam and a 37-bar truss structure, as well as an experimental test of 8-story shear-type steel frame structure in the laboratory. Compared with BOA and DE, the numerical and experimental results show that the proposed HBODEA is more robust to detect the reduction of stiffness with limited sensors and contaminated measurements. In addition, the effect of search space, two dynamic operators, population size on identification accuracy and efficiency of the proposed identification strategy are further investigated.