• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.32-42
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• 2001

This study examined the effects of prompts, environmental alteration, and feedback on reduction of food wastes. The study was conducted at a student restaurant at a university. Subjects in this study were college students, faculty members and administrative staffs at the university. An A-BC-BCD-BC within subject design was employed. After baseline phase(A), prompts and environmental alteration were manipulated in the second phase(BC). In the next phase(BCD), feedback was added in addition to the prompts and environmental alteration. In the last phase(B), all the treatments except environmental alteration were withdrawn. The dependent variables n cluded (1) total weight of food waste per day, (2), the weight of food waster per person, (3) the ratio of food waste to total food served per day, (4) total amount of monetary value for food waste to total food served per day. The results indicated that prompts and environmental alteration were affective in reducing food wastes. Thus, measures of all the dependent variables decreased when environmental alteration and prompts were manupulated. However, when feedbacks were added to prompts and environmental alteration, the additional effect of feedback was not observed. The implications and limitations of these findings were discussed and the directions of future studies were also proposed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.101-105
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• 2018

Price discount is one of the commonly used promotion strategies to increase sales and revenue. If a discount is perceived before the purchase (i.e., pre-purchase discount), consumers are likely to perceive it as a potential gain. If it is noticed after making a regular-priced purchase (i.e., post-purchase discount), consumers may develop negative emotions and attitudes. Based on the rising transparency and omnipresence of price and discount information through web and mobile platforms, we attempt to tackle an understudied topic on the negative effect of post-purchase price discount. Specifically, post-purchase discount information may increase consumers' perception of monetary loss, which may affect consumers' decision to return the product, potentially increasing the operating costs borne by retailers. Based on a close scrutinization of the current market environment and previous academic literature, we suggest a novel conceptual framework to understand consumers' perception, attitude, and behavior (perception of loss, willingness to return) upon perceiving various formats of discount promotion (absolute value vs. percentage discount) posterior to the purchase of a product. We also look at the effect of price level (low-priced vs. high-priced). For marketing practitioners, we intend to suggest optimal promotion formats that can alleviate consumers' negative perceptions and prevent additional operation costs.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2016

Internet of Things (IoT) services are widely used in appliances of daily life and industries. IoT services also provide various conveniences to users and are expected to affect value added of all industries and national competitiveness. However, a variety of security threats are increased in IoT environments and lowers reliability of IoT devices and services that make some obstacles for commercialization. The attacks arising in IoT environments are making industrial and normal life accidents unlike existing information leak and monetary damages, and can expand damage scale of leakage of personal information and privacy more than existing them. To solve these problems, we design a session key based access control scheme for secure communications in IoT environments. The proposed scheme reinforces message security by generating session key between device and access control network system. We analyzed the stability of the proposed access scheme in terms of data forgery and corruption, unauthorized access, information disclosure, privacy violations, and denial of service attacks. And we also evaluated the proposed scheme in terms of permission settings, privacy indemnity, data confidentiality and integrity, authentication, and access control.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.301-319
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• 2013

Wireless and mobile communication technologies enable individuals who trade stocks and bonds to use mobile-based trading services. Due to rapidly developing mobile technologies and adoption of the advanced/smart mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets, the use of mobile trading systems (MTS) have increased at an unexpected rate. Although many prior studies measured service quality on various service-related fields, there are few studies that is related to mobile trading systems compared to more traditional PC-based home trading systems. This research searches determinants of service quality for mobile trading systems and examines the effects of these factors on the intention to mobile trading systems' continuous use. Through an extensive literature review, this research finds three dimensions for mobile trading systems : interaction quality, service environment quality, and service outcome quality. The result of analysis shows that personalization, connectivity, ease of use, informativeness, and monetary value enhance the intention to continuous use. Considering environmental conditions such as the high rate of MTS adoption among individual users and stiffer competition among securities firms, these findings may help practically securities firms' shaping MTS system development strategies for individual users' continuous use and for increasing new users adoption.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.153-156
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• 2008

In recent years, IPTV attracts great attention along with the digital convergence of communication and media technologies. IPTV combines the advantages of TV and Internet and changes our lifestyle dramatically. In addition, the IPTV service is capable of becoming a new business model which has huge growth potentials in technology-converging marketplaces. This study examines critical factors on the consumer's adoption of the IPTV service. Based on the Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT), IPTV specific attributes and personal characteristics, we derive eight key factors in the research model. compatibility, ease of use, image, diversity of contents, interactivity, monetary value, social influence, and user satisfaction. Using the partial least square (PLS) method on the data collected through a web-based survey, we test our research model with several hypotheses. From this study, we find that diversity of contents, compatibility and interactivity have a significant indirect effect on the use of IPTV service via user satisfaction, and user satisfaction and social influence also have a significant direct impact on the IPTV use. These findings not only provide practical insights on the consumer acceptance of new technology-converging services, but also help managers to plan their marketing strategies better.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.829-837
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• 2021

The study investigates the impact of the Counter-Cyclical Buffer Policy (CCB) on regional development bank profitability in Sumatra, Indonesia. CCB requires banks to hold capital at times when credit is growing rapidly so that the buffer can be reduced if the financial cycle turns down or the economic and financial environment becomes substantially worse. This study employs time series data of regional development banks (RDBs) in Sumatra Island, Indonesia. The methodology applied in this study is a panel dynamic model with Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM). The results show that increasing capital through the implementation of CCB did not have a significant effect on RDBs' profitability. The findings of this study suggest that the activation and implementation of CCB lead to an increase in the amount and cost of loans to companies but do not affect the profitability of RDBs. The value of a Non-Performing Loan (NPL) proved to have a negative and significant effect on bank profitability. The CCB policy aims to overcome the pro-cyclicality of credit growth and improve bank resilience through increased capital which is expected to reduce excessive credit growth as a source of systemic risk. This causes a lack of lending to the community so that the profits obtained by the bank decrease.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.59-66
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• 2019

As the monetary value of cryptocurrency increases, the security measures for cryptocurrency becomes more important. A limitation of the existing cryptocurrency exchanges is their vulnerability to threats of hacking due to their centralized manner of management. In order to overcome such limitation, blockchain technology is increasingly adopted. The blockchain technology enables decentralization and Peer-to-Peer(P2P) transactions, in which blocks of information are linked in chain topology, and each node participating in the blockchain shares a distributed ledger. In this paper, we propose and implement a mobile electronic wallet that can safely store, send and receive cryptocurrencies. The proposed mobile cryptocurrency wallet connects to the network only when the wallet actively is used. Wallet owner manages his or her private key offline, which is advantageous in terms of security. JavaScript based wallet apps were implemented to respectively run on Android and iOS mobile phones. I demonstrate the process of transferring Ethereum cryptocurrency from an account to another account through Ropsten, a test net for Ethereum. Hardware wallets, such as Ledger Nano S, provide a slightly higher level of security, yet have the disadvantages of added burden of carrying additional physical devices and high costs (about 80$).

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

This paper uses the gravity model estimated by the random effect method to analyze the factors affecting Vietnam's coffee export turnover for the period 2007-2020 major markets according to statistics from the General Statistics Office and the General Department of Customs. Coffee export turnover was collected from the General Statistics Office, General Department of Customs, and Vietnam Cacao Coffee Association. The authors calculated the price of coffee based on output and export value from data on coffee export turnover; the authors calculated the economic gap based on population and Gross Domestic Product data (reference: geographic distance metrics on the website: http://www.distancefromto.net/countries.php) and other data was collected based on the databases of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, and World Bank organizations. The results of the study show that from 2007 to 2020, the factors of Vietnam's export price of coffee, geographical distance, Gross Domestic Product of the importing country and Gross Domestic Product of Vietnam, the population of Vietnam, the economic gap between Vietnam and the importing country, the openness of the economy, all have an impact on Vietnam's coffee export turnover. Finally, some conclusions about the policy's impact are made based on the empirical results of the paper.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.127-140
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• 2023

Purpose: In a situation where the local economy and alley economy are stagnant, efforts to revitalize the role of small business owners need a virtuous cycle system through consumers' consumption power, not just cash support. Research design, data, and methodology: The study site focuses on Daedeok-gu, the first to introduce local currency as a policy. In the case of the store survey, 254 stores out of 300 stores registered with local currency were analyzed, and the consumer survey was conducted on 1,394 out of 1,500 local people using local currency. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS. Result: As a result of time-series checking whether local economic activities are carried out smoothly due to the nature of the local currency, the average daily sales of Daedeok-gu increased by 388,980won compared to 2019. This proved through empirical research in the region that local currency played a priming role in bringing opportunities and rehabilitation to the local commercial districts and small business owners. Conclusions: In the monetary function of simply buying and selling value through payment, points supported as incentives can be used as local currency while inducing direct participation in solving social problems, and the concurrent effect of causing problem-solving and regional economic vitality began to sprout.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.273-279
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• 2011

Concerns over the environment have spawned a number of research studies in the construction industry, as the construction of built environments and large infrastructures involves diverse environmental impacts and loads of hazardous emissions. Many researchers have attempted to quantify these environmental loads, including greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide, to name a few. However, little research has been conducted regarding integrating the life-cycle assessment (LCA) of environmental loads with the current life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) approach. This study aims to estimate the environmental loads as a monetary value using the European Climate Exchange (ECX) rate and, then, to integrate those impacts with the pure construction cost. Toward this end, this study suggests an integrated approach that takes into account the environmental effect on the evaluation of the life-cycle cost (LCC). The bill of quantity (BOQ) data of a real highway project are collected and analyzed for this purpose. As a result, considering the environmental loads in the pavement process, the total LCC increased 16% from the traditional LCC cost. This study suggests an integrated approach that will account the environmental effect on the LCC. Additionally, this study is expected to contribute to better decision-making, from the perspective of more sustainable development, for government as well as for contractors.