• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in biomechanical variables of golf driving motion according to gender. Method: A total of 21 healthy golfers (11 men and 10 women) who have more than 5 years of professional experience and have been registered in the Korea Golf Association was recruited. A 250-Hz 8-camera motion capture system (MX-T20, Vicon, LA, USA) was used to capture the motion trajectories of a total of 42 reflective markers attached to the golfer's body and club. Moreover, two 1,000-Hz AMTI force plates (AMTI OR6-7-400, AMTI, MA, USA) were used to measure the ground reaction force. The mean and standard deviation for each parameter were then calculated for both groups of 21 subjects. SPSS Windows version 23.0 was used for statistical analysis. The independent t-test was used to determine the differences between groups. An alpha level of .05 was utilized in all tests. Results: There were differences in joint angles according to gender during golf driver swing. Men showed a statistically significantly higher peak joint angle and maximum range of angle in sagittal and frontal axis of the pelvis, hip, and knee. Moreover, women's swing of the pelvis and hips was found to have a pattern using the peak joint angle and range of angle in the vertical axis of the pelvis and hip. There were the differences in peak joint moment according to gender during golf driver swing. Men used higher joint moment in the downswing phase than women in the extensor, abductor, and external rotator muscles of the right hip; flexor and adductor muscles of left hip joint; and flexor and extensor muscles of the right knee. Conclusion: This result reveals that male golfers conducted driver swing using stronger force of the lower body and ground reaction force based on strength of hip and thigh than female golfers.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제30권4A호
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• pp.383-389
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• 2010

현재 우리나라의 콘크리트구조설계기준은 강도설계법에 근간하고 있다. 강도설계법에 의해 휨부재를 설계할 경우, 콘크리트 응력-변형률 관계는 사용하중 상태에서 선형으로 가정하지만 이후 극한한계 상태까지에 대해서는 규정되어 있지 않다. 이로 인해 콘크리트구조설계기준에서는 처짐 및 균열폭 등의 산정에 대해 개별적인 규정을 두고 있다. 그러나 한계상태설계법에 근거한 EC에서는 재료에 대한 응력-변형률 관계를 규정하고 있다. 따라서 재료의 응력-변형률 관계로부터 휨강도 및 처짐 등을 직접 계산할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 휨부재에 대하여 주어진 재료 모델을 바탕으로 평형방정식과 적합조건식을 적용하여 휨모멘트-곡률 관계를 계산하였다. 이로부터 휨강도 및 처짐을 산정하여 현행 콘크리트구조설계기준에 의한 값과 비교하였다. 해석 결과 재료 모델로부터 휨모멘트-곡률 관계를 통해 산정된 처짐은 실험 결과와도 비교적 잘 일치하고, 항복 이후의 처짐 계산도 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.221-232
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• 2013

본 연구는 중소기업을 대상으로 조직공정성, 경영자특성을 독립변수로 설정하였고, 직무만족을 종속변수로 그리고 신뢰를 매개변수로 설정하여 독립변수와 종속변수 간에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 실증적으로 규명하고자 하였다. 연구의 결과는 조직공정성의 분배공정성, 절차공정성, 상호작용공정성 모두 직무만족에 대해 정(+)의 영향을 미치며, 경영자특성의 리더십특성, 역량특성, 심리적 특성 모두 직무만족에 정적(+) 영향이 있어 종업원이 지각하는 신뢰를 통한 매개 효과도 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 즉, 종업원들의 직무만족 증진으로 업무의 효율과 능률을 제고시켜 결과적으로 기업의 생산성을 높여줄 것이고 장기적으로 기업의 수익성이 향상하게 될 것이다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.632-638
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• 2010

This paper presents an optimum tire force distribution method for 6WD/6WS(6-Wheel-Drive and 6-Wheel-Steering) electric vehicles. Using an independent steering and driving system, the performance of 6WD/6WS vehicles can be improved, as, for example, with respect to their maneuverability under low speed and their stability at high speed. Therefore, there should be a control strategy for finding the optimum tire forces that satisfy the driver's command and minimize energy consumption. From the driver's commands (steering angle and accelerator/brake pedal stroke), the desired yaw moment, the desired lateral force, and the desired longitudinal force were obtained. These three values were distributed to each wheel as the torque and the steering angle, based on the optimum tire force distribution method. The optimum tire force distribution method finds the longitudinal/lateral tire forces of each wheel that minimize the cost function, which is the sum of the normalized tire forces. Next, the longitudinal/lateral tire forces of each wheel are converted into the reference torque inputs and the steering wheel angle inputs. The proposed method was tested through a simulation, and its effectiveness was verified.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.39-56
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• 1998

This paper concerned with the Honsu(婚需) norms of urban residents in Korea, and was designed to suggest a solution to solve the current problems of the extravagant Honsu with the changes int he customs related to Honsu. Data collected through interviews with questionaire were analyzed statistically by X2-test, ANOVA, Scheffe-test, factor analysis, cluster analysis and product moment correlation coefficients using SPSS PC+ program. Factors of HONSU norm, was characterized into 3 types, exchangabilities and focusing on groom's family, preparation of goods for housekeeping, and independence from parents and individualism. HONSU was found to be regarded as the basis for better life for the new family provided by their patents in terms of the family norm. The current problems of extravagant HONSU seems due to the family norm. Factors of HONSU norms could be grouped into 4 categories by the cluster analysis. They are 1)the preparation of basic house-keeping items for independent family, 2)an opportunity to secure an economic base for the new family, 3)an opportunity to show off their wealth by selecting easily exchangable goods, and 4)others who select items based on their personalities. An oppportunity to show off their wealth by selecting easily exchangable was the cultural norm of Honsu, and it was found that urban housewives had almost uniform thoughts about Honsu. Consideration of items for individuals' needs and independent life took place in deciding on Honsu for all four types of couples although the weight given to this consideration showed difference. Preparation for the new family and individual needs were the common grounds of HONSU norms in all categories through the weight was different.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.697-706
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• 2021

This quantitative study aims to examine the effect of family ownership on company performance empirically. Specifically, this study examines the moderating effect of corporate governance on the relationship between family ownership and company performance which has never been explored in the previous studies. This study's main target population was all listed companies in the Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) for 2008-2018. The study used criteria, namely data completeness, to measure research variables and obtained 2996 data or firm-year observations. The research contingency model to test the proposed hypothesis was the General Moment Method (GMM). The study presents the results of data descriptions shows the average, median, maximum, minimum, and standard deviation values for each variable. The descriptive data shows that family ownership is common in Indonesia: 64% of 244 companies in the sample. The inferential analysis results using a multiple regression model test show that family ownership significantly reduces company performance. However, corporate governance proxied by the board of directors, managerial risk profile, and independent commissioners significantly moderate the relationship between family ownership and company performance. Besides, the managerial risk profile and independent commissioners strengthened while the board of commissioners' presence weakened the effect of family ownership on performance.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.667-679
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• 2020

As the LNG carrier operates in ice covered waters, it is key to ensure the overall safety, which is related to the coupling effect of ice-breaking process and internal liquid sloshing. This paper focuses on the sloshing simulation of the ice-breaking LNG carrier, and the numerical method is proposed using Circumferential Crack Method (CCM) and Volume of Vluid (VOF) with two main key factors (velocity νx and force Fx). The ship motion analysis is carried out by CCM when the ship navigates in the ice-covered waters with a constant propulsion power. The velocity νx is gained, which is the initial excitation condition for the calculation of internal sloshing force Fx. Then, the ship motion is modified based on iterative computations under the union action of ice-breaking force and liquid sloshing load. The sloshing simulation under the LNG tank is studied with the modified ship motion. Moreover, an ice-breaking LNG ship with three-leaf type tank is used for case study. The internal LNG sloshing is simulated with three different liquid heights, including free surface shape and sloshing pressure distribution at a given moment, pressure curves at monitoring points on the bulkhead. This present method is effective to solve the sloshing simulation during ice-breaking process, which could be a good reference for the design of the polar ice-breaking LNG carrier.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2023

Purpose: The study's primary objective was to pinpoint the variables impacting consumers' impulsive purchasing decisions in the distribution centers in Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal. Research design, data, and methodology: The independent variables used to identify consumer impulse buying behavior were the in-store displays, store employee behavior, reference groups, and promotional activities. A 6-point Likert scale questionnaire was employed for collecting the primary data from customers at the retail center of Kathmandu. The study's sample size was 396, employing a convenient sampling method. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Analysis of a Moment Structures (AMOS) have been used to show the relationships between dependent and independent variables. Results: The outcome of the path analysis using structural equation modeling demonstrates that in-store displays, reference groups, and store employees' behavior significantly influence the customers' impulse buying decisions in the distribution center. Additionally, it has been discovered that promotional activities have no significant impact on consumers' impulsive purchasing decisions made at the retail center of Kathmandu. Conclusions and Implications: The study's findings indicate that the actions of store personnel, reference groups, and in-store displays significantly contribute to the acceleration of impulsive purchases. Such findings provide researchers and business executives with a road map for the future.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제10B권4호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 뉴우턴법의 고정점 알고리즘에 적응 조정이 가능한 학습 파라미터를 이용한 효율적인 신경망 기반 독립성분분석기법을 제안하였다. 이는 엔트로피 최적화 함수의 1차 미분을 이용하는 뉴우턴법의 고정점 알고리즘에서 학습율과 모멘트를 역혼합행렬의 경신 상태에 따나 적응조정되도록 함으로써 분리속도와 분리성능을 개선시키기 위함이다 제안된 기법을 256$\times$256 픽셀의 8개 지문과 512$\times$512 픽셀의 10개 영상으로부터 임의의 혼합행렬에 따라 발생되는 지문과 영상의 분리에 적용한 결과, 기존의 고정점 알고리즘에 의한 결과보다 우수한 분리성능과 빠른 분리속도가 있음을 확인하였다. 특히 제안된 알고리즘은 문제의 규모가 클수록 분리성능과 분리속도의 개선 정도가 큼을 확인하였다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.511-519
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• 1999

생역학적으로 우수한 스프링을 설계하기 위해서 스프링의 형태에 여러 가지 변화를 주면서 각 상황에서 force system이 변하는 양상을 수치분석계산과 spring tester를 이용한 실험과 비교하였다. 주어진 해부학적인 한계 내에서 최대한 생역학적 효율을 높이는 요소들을 제시하였다. 1. 스프링의 높이가 증가하면 M/F ratio는 증가하고 L/D rate은 감소한다. 2. 스프링의 최소 굽힘 모멘트 부위보다 위에 wire를 첨가하면 M/F ratio는 증가하고 L/D rate은 감소한다. 3. 스프링의 최소 굽힘 모멘트 부위보다 아래에 wire를 첨가하면 M/F ratio는 감소하고 L/D rate도 감소한다. 4. 스프링의 위쪽에 아무리 wire를 많이 첨가하여도 스프링의 높이 이상의 M/F ratio는 얻을 수 없다. 5. 제한된 높이의 스프링으로 충분한 M/F ratio를 얻기 위해서는 부가적인 모멘트가 필요하다. 6. 스프링의 수평 길이가 증가할 수록 M/F ratio와 L/D rate는 감소하므로 부가적인 모멘트는 점점 각도가 증가할 수 있도록 스프링 전체에 부여할 필요가 있다. 7. L/D rate는 재료, 단면, 그리고 형태에 영향을 받지만 M/F ratio는 재료나 단면에 관계없이 스프링의 형태에만 영향을 받는다.