• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.195.1-195.1
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• 2012

Korea Aerospace Research Institute has developed an earth observation satellite whose primary mission objective is to provide high resolution electro optical earth images for Geographical Information Systems (GIS) establishment and the applications for environmental, agriculture and ocean monitoring. It was successfully launched into its mission orbit by using a commercial launch vehicle on 18th of May, 2012. This paper describes a series of launch activity at the launch site including its transportation to the launch site. Before conducting the launch site operation, satellite operation plane was prepared. Combining the satellite operation plan and launch vehicle activities, an integrated launch site operation plan and schedule have been drawn up. After arrival of the spacecraft at the launch site, post-ship check out has been conducted. And then it was fuel loaded and integrated with launch vehicle hardware. After completion of final electrical check out, count down procedure was executed. on 18th of May, it was launched into the space and was separated from the launch vehicle as planned. About 3 months of early operation and calibration/validation, now the satellite is conducting its normal mission.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2014

저궤도위성은 발사 이후 초기 운영[1] 및 검보정 단계를 거쳐 정상 운영 단계로 진입한다. 정상 운영 단계에서는 이상 현상에 대한 대응조치[2], 궤도조정 작업 이외의 대부분 기간 동안 지상국으로부터 임무 명령을 수신하고 영상 촬영 및 전송 임무를 수행하게 된다. 저궤도위성과 지상국 시스템이 모두 관여된 임무수행능력은 저궤도위성 프로그램 성공 판단의 핵심 지표이고, 저궤도위성 프로그램 추진 목적과 일치하는 항목이기 때문에 지상 시험 단계에서 철저한 검증을 통해 신뢰성을 확보해야 한다. 지상 시험단계에서 지상국과 위성의 역할을 검증함으로써 임무수행능력에 대한 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해서는 저궤도위성의 실제 운용 상황과 유사한 시나리오를 작성하고 이를 바탕으로 명령을 생성하여 위성에 전달하며, 영상과 건강상태 텔레메트리(Telemetry) 데이터를 수신하는 등의 임무수행 전체 주기에 대한 검증이 필요하다. 이 논문은 저궤도위성과 지상국간 접속 환경을 활용해 수행된 임무수행능력 지상 검증 시험 설계 및 수행 결과에 대해 다룬다. 시험 설계시 고려되어야 할 항목과 이를 바탕으로 설계된 시험에 대해 상세히 서술하고 결과에 대해 정리하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.212-215
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• 2006

This paper describes several reliability models to estimate COMS ground segment availability and shows assessed availability according to GS function. Due to a back-up concept among three ground center, SOC will have all H/W and S/W module to be installed in MSC and KOSC site. Therefore, all configurations and availability parameters for H/W and S/W modules in MSC and KOSC are assumed as equal with those in SOC, if related modules have same function. Prior to access availability over COMS GS function, Availability related to fundamental configuration such as series, parallel, partial operation, and module combined H/W and S/W is described. Consequently, all functions are expected to operate with more than 99% of availability.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2017

전장공간은 다양한 무기체계가 유기적으로 활용되고 있으며, 자원의 성능 및 통신환경이 제약되고 환경의 가변성이 높은 특징이 있다. 이러한 전장환경에서 운용되는 자원의 접근성과 통합성의 한계를 극복하고 유연한 조합을 통해 임무를 수행할 수 있는 방안으로 서비스 지향 구조 기반의 기술을 접목시키는 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지휘관이 전장 환경에서 임무에 필요한 다양한 SW를 서비스 기반으로 운용하기 위해 서비스 기반의 임무 계획 및 수행을 지원하는 계층형 임무서비스 모델을 제안한다. 또한 워크플로우 기술과 시맨틱 능력기반 추천을 활용한 개발도구를 구현하고 전투 임무 시나리오에 적용하여 실효성을 보이고자 한다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.381-385
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• 2006

2008년 발사를 목표로 개발되고 있는 통신해양기상위성(COMS: Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite)는 기상 관측과 해양 관측 임무 및 통신 임무까지 수행하는 정지궤도 위성이다. 통신해양기상위성은 크게 탑재체와 지상국으로 나눌 수 있고 지상국은 다시 통신 임무를 위한 CTES(Communication Test Earth Station), 해양/기상 임무를 위한 IDACS(Image Acquisition and Control System), 그리고 위성 관제와 운영을 위한 SGCS(Satellite Ground Control System)로 구분된다. 이 중 IDACS의 서브시스템 중 하나인 LHGS(LRIT/HRIT Generation Subsystem)는 LRIT/HRIT(Low Rate Information Transmission/High Rate Information Transmission)를 생성하고 배포하는 기능을 가지고 있다. 관측 종료 후 LRIT/HRIT 전송 완료까지 15분 이내로 이루어져야 한다는 기상청의 요구사항을 만족하기 위해서 JPEG 압축 시간도 중요한 요소로 고려되어야 한다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 MTSAT에서 받은 LRIT/HRIT의 자료 처리를 바탕으로 lossless JPEG와 lossy JPEG의 압축 시간을 측정하여 압축률을 비교하여 성능 분석을 해보기로 한다. 이렇게 도출해낸 수치자료는 COMS LHGS 설계에 활용할 수 있다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.165-173
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• 2021

Apophis is a near-Earth object with a diameter of approximately 340 m, which will come closer to the Earth than a geostationary orbit in 2029, offering a unique opportunity for characterizing the object during the upcoming encounter. Therefore, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute has a plan to propose a space mission to explore the Apophis asteroid using scientific instruments such as a laser altimeter. In this study, we evaluate the performance metrics of a laser altimeter using a pseudorandom noise modulation technique for the Apophis mission, in terms of detection probability and ranging accuracy. The closed-form expression of detection probability is provided using the cross correlation between the received pulse trains and pseudo-random binary sequence. And the new ranging accuracy model using Gaussian error propagation is also derived by considering the sampling rate. The operation range is significantly limited by thermal noise rather than background noise, owing to not only the low power laser but also the avalanche photodiode in the analog mode operation. However, it is demonstrated from the numerical simulation that the laser altimeter can achieve the ranging performance required for a proximity operation mode, which employs commercially available components onboard CubeSat-scale satellites for optical communications.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.43-60
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• 2024

Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO) is South Korea's first space exploration mission, developed by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute. It aims to develop technologies for lunar exploration, explore lunar science, and test new technologies. KPLO was launched on August 5, 2022, by a Falcon-9 launch vehicle from cape canaveral space force station (CCSFS) in the United States and placed on a ballistic lunar transfer (BLT) trajectory. A total of four trajectory correction maneuvers were performed during the approximately 4.5-month trans-lunar cruise phase to reach the Moon. Starting with the first lunar orbit insertion (LOI) maneuver on December 16, the spacecraft performed a total of three maneuvers before arriving at the lunar mission orbit, at an altitude of 100 kilometers, on December 27, 2022. After entering lunar orbit, the commissioning phase validated the operation of the mission mode, in which the payload is oriented toward the center of the Moon. After completing about one month of commissioning, normal mission operations began, and each payload successfully performed its planned mission. All of the spacecraft operations that KPLO performs from launch to normal operations were designed through the system operations design process. This includes operations that are automatically initiated post-separation from the launch vehicle, as well as those in lunar transfer orbit and lunar mission orbit. Key operational procedures such as the spacecraft's initial checkout, trajectory correction maneuvers, LOI, and commissioning were developed during the early operation preparation phase. These procedures were executed effectively during both the early and normal operation phases. The successful execution of these operations confirms the robust verification of the system operation.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2014

무인항공기(UAV)를 이용하여 효율적인 감시정찰을 수행하기 위해서는 센서의 고성능, 다중화와 함께 운용상황에 맞는 최적화된 비행경로계획이 요구된다. 이뿐만 아니라 시스템 개발 또는 임무운용 전 임무 효용성 평가, 평시와 전시에 빠른 작전 결정을 위해서는 임무를 가시화할 수 있는 가시화 도구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 STK(Systems Tool Kit)와 MATLAB을 통합한 임무 가시화 및 분석 도구를 개발하고 이를 통하여 UAV 감시정보정찰(ISR; Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance) 임무분석을 수행하였다. 개발된 임무분석 도구에는 비행최적화 뿐만 아니라 장애물 회피 알고리즘, FoM(Figure of Merit) 분석 알고리즘이 적용되어 최적의 임무계획이 가능하도록 하였다.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.319-330
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• 2017

In remote USV (Unmanned Surface Vehicle) maritime operation, the remote operation and control technic and autonomous control technic is required and the emergency mode algorithm is needed certainly for sailing and accomplishing various surveillance, reconnaissance, and underwater search missions of USV. In this paper, we review the countermeasures in emergency situation of the existing USV system (Barracuda) and propose the emergency mode algorithm considering the operation and control, and autonomous control level for the stable USV operation in case of emergency. We analyzed the autonomous control level in view of the mission complexity and environmental difficulty, and human interface, and verified the performance of the autonomous control level when we apply four emergency mode algorithms. It is expected that more stable and reliable operation and cotrol are possible if the proposed algorithm is applied to the environments requiring the various multi-mission USV sailing and mission achievement.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2023

On Aug. 4, 2022, at 23:08:48 (UTC), the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO), also known as Danuri, was launched using a SpaceX Falcon 9 launch vehicle. Currently, KPLO is successfully conducting its science mission around the Moon. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Deep Space Network (DSN) was utilized for the successful flight operation of KPLO. A great deal of joint effort was made between the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) and NASA DSN team since the beginning of KPLO ground system design for the success of the mission. The efficient utilization and management of NASA DSN in deep space exploration are critical not only for the spacecraft's telemetry and command but also for tracking the flight dynamics (FD) operation. In this work, the top-level DSN interface architecture, detailed workflows, DSN support levels, and practical lessons learned from the joint team's efforts are presented for KPLO's successful FD operation. Due to the significant joint team's efforts, KPLO is currently performing its mission smoothly in the lunar mission orbit. Through KPLO cooperative operation experience with DSN, a more reliable and efficient partnership is expected not only for Korea's own deep space exploration mission but also for the KARI-NASA DSN joint support on other deep space missions in the future.