• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 2012

The growing rate of delays is adversely affecting the timely delivery of construction projects. This study therefore assesses construction stakeholders' perception of the causes of delays and its effects on project delivery in a bid to proffer solution in minimizing the occurrences of delays. Questionnaire was used to elicit responses from construction stakeholders; a total of thirty three causes of delays, seventeen resultant effects of delays and fifteen methods of minimizing construction delays were identified for the study based on literature reviews. The results suggest that client's cash flow related problems are the main causes of delays while time and cost overruns are the major identifiable effects of delays in construction projects. However, adequate project planning and budgeting were suggested as possible ways of minimizing the occurrences of delays.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2014

Indian Construction industry is large, volatile, and requires tremendous capital outlays. Typically, the work offers low rates of return in relation to the amount of risk involved. A unique element of risk in the industry is the manner in which disputes and claims are woven through the fibre of the construction process. Delay is generally acknowledged as the most common, costly, complex and risky problem encountered in construction projects. Because of the overriding importance of time for both the Owner and the Contractor, it is the source of frequent disputes and claims leading to lawsuits. The growing rate of delays is adversely affecting the timely delivery of construction projects. Presently construction industries are facing a lot of problems, considering that a paper assess construction stakeholder's perception to the causes of delays and its effects on project delivery. And also one case study is considered in this paper to elicit responses from construction stakeholders. The primary aim of this paper is to identify the perceptions of the different parties regarding causes of delays, the allocation of responsibilities and the types of delays, and method of minimizing the construction delays.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국시뮬레이션학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.127-132
• /
• 1999

A mobile IP is proposed to support host mobility over the current Internet. One of the most important issues on the host mobility is location and routing schemes that allow mobile hosts to move effectively from one site to another. In a Mobile IP environment, frequent handoffs are likely to degrade the performance by minimizing the loss of datagrams during handoffs. The handoff scheme is using routing optimization and binding extension to improve the performance by minimizing the average transfer delay of messages and packet loss. Simulation details show the improvement of transport delays and packet loss rate.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.335-347
• /
• 2022

Airport operations are well-known as a bottleneck in the air traffic system, putting growing pressure on the world's busiest airports to schedule arrivals and departures as efficiently as possible. Effective planning and control are essential for increasing airport efficiency and reducing aircraft delays. Many algorithms for controlling the arrival/departure queuing area are handled, considering it as first in first out queues, where any available aircraft can take off regardless of its relative sequence with other aircraft. In the suggested system, this problem was compared to the problem of scheduling n tasks (plane takeoffs and landings) on a multiple machine (runways). The proposed technique decreases delays (via efficient runway allocation or allowing aircraft to be expedited to reach a scheduled time) to enhance runway capacity and decrease delays. The aircraft scheduling problem entails arranging aircraft on available runways and scheduling their landings and departures while considering any operational constraints. The topic of this work is the scheduling of aircraft landings and takeoffs on multiple runways. Each aircraft's takeoff and landing schedules have time windows, as well as minimum separation intervals between landings and takeoffs. We present and evaluate a variety of comprehensive concepts and solutions for scheduling aircraft arrival and departure times, intending to reduce delays relative to scheduled times. When compared to First Come First Serve scheduling algorithm, the suggested strategy is usually successful in reducing the average waiting time and average tardiness while optimizing runway use.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.108-121
• /
• 2008

Dispatching rule for parallel machines with multi product is proposed in this paper, In current market,customer's request for higher quality is increasing, In accordance with such demand, manufacturers are focusingon improving the quality of the products. Such shift in production objective is risky. The possibility ofneglecting another important factor in customer satisfaction increases, namely due dates. From the aspect ofimproving quality, frequency of product assignment to limited number of high performance machines willincrease. This will lead to increased waiting time which can incur delays, In the case of due date orientedproduct dispatch, Products are assigned to machines without consideration for quality. Overall deterioration ofproduct quality is inevitable, In addition, Poor products will undergo rework process which can increase delays.The objective of this research is dispatching products to minimize due date delays while improving overallquality. Quality index is introduced to provide means of standardizing product quality. The index is used toassure predetermined quality level while minimizing product delays when dispatching products. Qualitystandardization method and dispatching algorithm is presented. And performance evaluation is performed withcomparison to various dispatching methods.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.115-129
• /
• 2001

본 연구에서는 평균지체시간을 최소화하는 변동주기 (Cycle fee) 기반의 동적 신호시간 결정모형을 유전자 알고리즘을 이용하여 개발하였다. 본 모형은 실시간으로 변화하는 각 접근로의 차량 도착분포를 토대로 이동류별 지체시간을 산정하고, 교차로의 지체시간을 최소화하는 신호주기의 길이와 이동류별 녹색시간을 산출한다. 개발모형은 4개 교차로로 구성된 간선도로를 대상으로 적용하였으며, 교차로 교통상황의 변화에 따라 신호주기별로 변동하는 신호주기의 길이, 이동류별 녹색시간 그리고 교차로간 변동 연동값을 각각 산출하였다. 모형의 적용결과 산출된 변동 신호주기와 이동류별 녹색시간은 비포화상태와 포화상태 모두 TRANSYT-7F나 PASSER-II에 의하여 산출된 정주기식 신호시간보다 대기차량수, 통과교통량, 그리고 지체시간에서 있어서 더 좋은 결과를 나타내었다. 또한 본 모형은 기존모형과는 달리 연동값을 고정 값으로 설정하지 않고 각 주기가 종료되는 시점마다 교차로 지체시간을 최소화하는 주기 및 이동류별 녹색시간을 산정하므로 연동값도 신호주기별로 변동하였다. 시공도 분석결과, 본 모형에서는 모형의 결과를 산출되는 변동 연동값을 통하여 주방향 이동류의 연동효과를 나타내었다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.246-255
• /
• 2010

CPU 자원이 다수의 가상머신에 의해 공유되는 Xen 가상화 환경에서는, CPU가 하나의 가상머신의 요청을 처리하는 동안 다른 가상머신은 CPU를 기다려야 하는 가상머신 스케줄링 지연이 존재한다. 가상화 환경에서 응용프로그램의 QoS 요구사항을 만족시키기 위하여 자원을 관리하는 대부분의 시스템은 가상머신의 자원 사용률과 가상머신에서 운영하는 응용프로그램의 성능을 모니터링하고 분석하여 자원을 재할당한다. 이 때 응용프로그램의 성능 분석을 위해 큐잉 모델 등과 같은 수학적인 모델링 기법이 사용되지만 비가상화 환경에서 사용되던 모델은 가상머신 스케줄링 지연을 고려하지 않으므로, 가상화 환경에서는 정확한 분석과 예측이 어렵고, 따라서 이를 기반으로 자원을 관리하는 시스템은 요구되는 응용프로그램의 성능을 제공하지 못할 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 Xen 가상화 환경에서 가상머신 스케줄링 지연을 반영하여 응용프로그램의 성능을 측정하고, 모든 가상머신이 일으킬 수 있는 스케줄링 지연을 최소화하는 방향으로 CPU 사용 우선순위를 설정하는 기법을 제안하고, 제안한 기법이 스케줄링을 고려하지 않은 방법에 비해 응용 프로그램의 성능을 향상시킴을 보인다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.241-246
• /
• 2016

This paper presents a method that can improve the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor current control by minimizing the measured current phase delay caused by the Low Pass Filter(LPF) used to cut off the noises that flowed in when feedback currents are measured. Although existing methods that change the Cutoff Frequency of the LPF can minimize phase delays during high speed rotations, their noise cutoff effects are much lower and this may lead to the decline of control performance. Therefore, in this study, an algorithm that can compensate current phase delays through relatively simple calculations from the synchronous motor d-q axis coordinate transformation matrix and the inverse transformation matrix is proposed and the validity of the proposed method is verified by comparing the waveform of the calculated current with the waveform of actual currents through simulations and experiments.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
• /
• pp.34.3-34
• /
• 2001

The design method of H$\infty$ filter for discrete-time uncertain linear systems with multiple state delays is investigated. The uncertain parameters are assumed to be unknown but belonging to known convex compact set of polytope type less conservative than norm bounded parameter uncertainty. The modified H$\infty$ performance measure is introduced to consider the initial states values which affect the performance of filter. The objective is to design a stable H$\infty$ filter guaranteeing asymptotic stability of filtering error dynamics and minimizing H$\infty$ norm bound. The sufficient condition for the existence of filter and the filter design method are established by LMI (linear matrix inequality) approach.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.69-75
• /
• 2000

The aim of the work described in this paper is to develop a complex underground acoustic system which detects and localizes the origin of an underground hammering sound using an array of hydrophones located about 100m underground. Three different methods for the sound localization will be presented, a time-delay method, a power-attenuation method and a hybrid method. In the time-delay method, the cross correlation of the signals received from the array of sensors is used to calculate the time delays between those signals. In the power-attenuation method, the powers of the received signals provide a measure of the distances of the source from the sensors. In the hybrid method, both informations of time-delays and power-ratios are coupled together to produce better performance of position estimation. A new acoustic imaging technique has been developed for improving the hybrid method. This new acoustic imaging method shows the multi-dimensional distribution of the normalized cost function, so as to indicate the trend of the minimizing direction toward the source location. For each method the sound localization is carried out in three dimensions underground. The distance between the true and estimated origins of the source is 28m for a search area of radius 250m.