• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.382-392
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• 2011

This paper proposes the streaming radio frequency identification (RFID) protocol to support robust data streaming in a passive communication, which is extended from the ISO18000-6 Type C RFID standard. By observing and modeling the unique bit error behavior through detailed analysis in this paper, we found that performance is significantly limited by inaccurate and unstable link frequencies as well as low SNR which are inevitable for passive devices. Based on the analysis, we propose a simple and efficient protocol to adaptively insert extra error control sequences in a packet for tolerating tough link condition while maximizing the throughput and preserving the minimal implementation cost. To evaluate effectiveness of our proposal in real-time streaming applications, we experimented on real-time H.264 video streaming and prototyped the system on FPGA. To our best knowledge, our paper is the first work to take analytical approach for maximizing the throughput and demonstrate the possibility of the realtime multimedia streaming transmission in the passive RFID system.

• Journal of Ubiquitous Convergence Technology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.51-55
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• 2008

A digital home is a ubiquitous environment that is expected to be realized in the near future. All information appliances in a house are connected to each other through wired and/or wireless home networks. Authenticated user can access the various services provided by the digital home, and the access is not restricted by equipment, time, or location. The technologies that form the digital home can be grouped into two categories: wired networking technologies and wireless networking technologies. For the purpose of ubiquitous environments, wireless-networks offer suitable and seamless high-quality services. A wireless LAN can be created simply by equipping a single access point. For that reason, the cost of establishing such a network is low and using it is easy. Of course, there is an exciting new wireless technology. It is the Ultra Wide Band (UWB). However, it is not enough to bring wireless convenience, although offering a broad range of high-speed data transfer capabilities, Because of unstable. Thus, of the wireless-networking systems, we focus on the wireless LAN. We quantitatively analyze its capabilities. The dynamic and adaptive wireless LAN provides a foundation for the evolution toward the next generation of wireless and adaptive networks. The difference between wired LAN and wireless LAN in upload and download rates is small. Although the wireless LAN experiences a greater loss rate than the wired LAN, the difference is minimal. We conclude that a wireless LAN is suitable for use in an apartment environment.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권9B호
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• pp.1407-1415
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• 2010

최근 전 세계적으로 많은 관심을 받고 있는 스마트 그리드는 기존 전력망의 에너지 효율을 최적화하고자 하는 차세대 전력망을 말한다. 그 중에서 수요 반응(Demand Response)은 현재 전력망과 차별화되는 핵심 기술이다. 가정에서 전력 요금의 최소화 및 사용자의 만족도를 최대화하기 위해, 본 논문은 가정에서 사용하고 있는 여러 종류의 전력 기계의 특성을 활용하여, 최적화 문제를 통한 스케쥴링 알고리듬을 제안한다. 여러 전력 기계의 소비패턴을 수학적 모델로 유도하였으며, 하루 동안 각 시간에서 전력 기계의 중요도에 따른 최적화된 스케쥴링 기법을 제안한다. 실제 통계 수치를 활용한 본 논문의 실험 결과에서는 제안하는 최적화 스케쥴링 알고리듬이 전력요금을 최소화하는 유틸리티에 매우 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.125-138
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• 2017

Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is a powerful tool for design optimization when considering probabilistic characteristics of design variables. However, it is often computationally intensive because of the coupling of reliability analysis and cost minimization. In this study, the concept of reliability mapping function is defined based on the relationship between the reliability index obtained by using the mean value first order reliability method and the failure probability obtained by using an improved response surface method. Double-loop involved in the classical RBDO can be converted into single-loop by using the reliability mapping function. Since the computational effort of the mean value first order reliability method is minimal, RBDO by using reliability mapping functions should be highly efficient. Engineering examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method. Numerical results indicated that the proposed method has the similar accuracy as Monte Carlo simulation, and it can obviously reduce the computational effort.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to study research trend in the field of warranty and maintenance policy of second-hand products. Methods: To this end, we consider research articles, which deal with warranty and maintenance of the second-hand products, published on journals during the past 20 years and classify them by taxonomy scheme proposed by Shafiee and Chukova (2013). The taxonomy scheme consists of three maintenance models in warranty for second-hand product. In each models, we analyze proposed maintenance and warranty policies with respect to types of upgrade models, types of preventive maintenances, decision variables and decision criteria model. Results: We obtain the scheme of maintenance and warranty of the second-hand products and define cost related to warranty and maintenance of the second-hand item. Also, we summarize the characteristics of maintenance and warranty policies in each classified model. Conclusion: There have been several research reviews on maintenance and warranty polity of new products. This research surveys researches of authors during the past 20 years and classifies, summarizes and compares proposed maintenance and warranty policies of the second-hand products. This research provides useful information to researchers who are interested in maintenance and warranty of the second-hand products.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1993년도 Fifth International Fuzzy Systems Association World Congress 93
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• pp.1005-1008
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• 1993

Supervised learnmg 01 recurrent neural networks (RNNs) is discussed. First, we review the present state of art, featuring their major properties in contrast of those of the multilayer neural networks. Then, we concisely describe one of the most practical learning algorithms, i.e. backpropagation through time. Revising the basic formulation of the learning algorithms, we derive a general formula to solve for the exact solution(s) of the whole connection weights w of RNNs. On this basis we introduce a novel interpretation of the supervised learning. Namely, we define a multidimensional Euclidean space, by assigning the cost function E(w) and every component of w to each coordinate axis. Since E=E(w) turns up as a hyper surface in this space, we refer to the surface as learning surface. We see that topological features of the learning surface are valleys and hills. Finally, after explicating that the numerical procedures of learning are equivalent to descending slopes of the learning surface along the steepest gradient, we show that a minimal value of E(w) is the intersection of curved valleys.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제14D권5호
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• pp.565-572
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 공개 소스 소프트웨어를 기반으로 VoWLAN(Voice over WLAN) 단말 시스템을 개발하였다. 이 시스템은 무선랜에 접속할 수 있는 환경에서 IP-PBX 서버를 통해 VoWLAN 단말들 간에 VoIP 서비스를 제공하며 다음과 같은 특징을 가진다. 첫째, 공개 소스 소프트웨어 기반으로 작성하여 시스템 도입에 따른 초기 투자비용의 부담이 적다. 둘째, 소프트웨어 IP-PBX 시스템과 연동하여 voice mail, conference call, interactive voice response와 같은 다양한 부가 서비스론 제공한다. 셋째, VoWLAN 단말은 임베디드 환경에 적합한 경량 소프트웨어 솔루션들을 이용하여 제한된 시스템 자원 하에서 고수준의 사용자 응용프로그램을 제공한다. 넷째, 공개 소스 소프트웨어 기반으로 작성되어 요구사항의 변화에 따라 추가 기능의 확장이 용이하다.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.137-162
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• 1998

본 연구의 목적은 디지털 도서관 환경에서 도서, 비도서자료 및 인터넷자원을 포괄적으로 기술할 수 있는 서지레코드 핵심데이터요소를 제시하는데 있다. 이를 우해 현대 편목규칙의 기반이 되는 AACR2R의 기술사항, 목록의 비용효과를 효율적으로 거둘수 있는 미국국회도서관의 핵심레코드(Core Record), 인터넷자원을 기술하기 위해 제안된 더블린코어(Dublin Core) 메타데이터, KORMARC 등의 데이터요소를 비교분석하였다. 비교결과를 토대로 핵심데이터요소를 필수요소, 적용 가능한 경우에 필수요소, 선택요소로 구분하여 제안하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2011

The urgent VAI(Vital Area Identification) method development is required since 'The Act of Physical Protection and Radiological Emergency' that is established in 2003 requires an evaluation of physical threats in nuclear facilities and an establishment of physical protection in Korea. The KAERI(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) has developed the VAI methodology and VAI software called as VIPEX(Vital area Identification Package EXpert) for identifying the vital areas. This study is to demonstrate the applicability of KAERI's VAI methodology to a hypothetical facility, and to identify the importance of information of cable and piping runs when identifying the vital areas. It is necessarily needed to consider cable and piping runs to determine the accurate and realistic TEPS(Top Event Prevention Set). If the information of cable and piping runs of a nuclear power plant is not considered when determining the TEPSs, it is absolutely impossible to acquire the complete TEPSs, and the results could be distorted by missing it. The VIPEX and FTREX(Fault Tree Reliability Evaluation eXpert) properly calculate MCSs and TEPSs using the fault tree model, and provide the most cost-effective method to save the VAI and physical protection costs.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.1279-1284
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• 2009

멀티미디어 기술의 발달로 인터넷을 이용하는 사용자 사이의 멀티미디어 공유가 현재 중요한 이슈가 되고 있다. 이는 일반적인 네트워크에서 보호되지 않은 컨텐츠와 보호된 컨텐츠가 사용자에게 P2P 배포로 전송 가능하다. 필연적으로 이러한 환경은 무료로 저작권이 있는 미디어 데이터가 제공되어지고 불법적인 기술들이 발생한다. 결과적으로 불법적인 공격과 배포를 보호하기 위해서 디지털저작권이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 DES 암호기술을 이용하여 저작권이 있는 멀티미디어를 보호하기 위해 복잡도가 낮은 scrambling 기술을 제안한다. 실험적인 결과에서 제안한 기술은 압축속도, 안전성, 파일크기를 고려하여 좋은 성능을 실험을 통해 확인된다.