• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2009

There are customer services jointly provided by two facilities so that each customer will complete the course made up of both facilities' sub-services. The two facilities are assumed invested respectively by an infrastructure owner and one subordinate facility owner, whose partnership is built on their capital investments. This paper presents a mathematical model of Stackelberg competition between the two facility owners to derive their optimal Nash equilibrium. In this study, each facility owner's profit is consisted of fixed revenue fractions of sold services, operating costs (including depreciation cost) and maintenance costs of her facility. The maintenance costs of one facility are incurred both by failures and deterioration due to usage. Moreover, for both facilities, failures are rectified immediately by minimal repairs and preventive maintenance is carried out at a fixed time epoch. Additional assumptions are also employed to develop the model such as customer arrivals are manipulated to follow a Poisson process, and each facility's lifetime is independently Weibull-distributed. The Stackelberg game proceeds as follows. At the first stage of decision making process, the infrastructure owner (acting as a leader) decides the allocation of revenue shares based on her self-interest. After observing the allocation of revenue shares, the subordinate facility owner determines her own optimal price of services. This paper investigates actions and reactions of the two partners in the system. Then analytical conditions are proposed to achieve a unique optimal Nash equilibrium. Finally, some suggestions for further research are discussed.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2168-2177
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• 2018

The unavoidable forecast error of wind power is one of the biggest obstacles for wind farms to participate in day-ahead electricity market. To mitigate the deviation from forecast, installation of energy storage system (ESS) is considered. An accurate model of wind power forecast error is fundamental for ESS sizing. However, previous study shows that the error distribution has variable kurtosis and fat tails, and insufficient measurement data of wind farms would add to the difficulty of modeling. This paper presents a comprehensive way that makes the use of mixed skewness model (MSM) and copula theory to give a better approximation for the distribution of forecast error, and it remains valid even if the dataset is not so well documented. The model is then used to optimize the ESS power and capacity aiming to pay the minimal extra cost. Results show the effectiveness of the new model for finding the optimal size of ESS and increasing the economic benefit.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2007

홈 서비스 네트워크 시스템은 실용적이면서 프로엑티브한 결함 관리를 통한 고가용도 서비스를 필요로 한다. 하지만, 홈 서비스 시스템의 복잡도가 증가하면서 고가용도 요구사항을 만족하기 위한 서비스를 제공하는 것은 더욱 어려워졌다. 더욱이, 사용자는 시스템 결함 관리와 같은 복잡한 시스템 관리를 직접 하는걸 원하지 않는다. 그러므로 홈 네트워크로 연결된 장치 또는 가전제품으로 구성된 통합 시스템의 고가용도 요구사항을 만족하면서 사람의 개입을 최소화할 수 있는 자가 관리 기능 및 원격 결함 관리 능력을 홈 서비스 시스템은 갖춰야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 흠 서비스 네트워크 시스템의 가용도를 향상시키면서 관리 비용을 최소화할 수 있는 원격 자기 관리 메커니즘을 탑재한 오토노믹 자기치유 유틸리티를 설계 및 개발한다.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.216-224
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• 1999

날로 더욱 복잡해지는 제어 컴퓨터의 고 신뢰성 확보를 위해 시간여분(time redundancy)의 일종인 rollback과 roll-forward 기법 등을 TMR 구종에 적절하게 혼용하는 두 가지 방법을 제안한다. Rollback과 roll-forward 기법은 약간의 추가시간만을 사용하여 재구성(reconfiguration) 없이도 일시적인 결함(fault)에 의해 발생한 TMR 고장(failure)의 회복을 위해 상호보완적으로 사용될 수 있다. 본 논문은 시스템의 고장상태확률의 유도를 통해 전체 작업의 평균실행시간이 최소가 되는 최적의 checkpoint 간격벡터를 유도한다. 수치예제를 통해 제안된 방법들이 다른 고장회복 기법을 적용했을 때와 비교하여 매우 효과적임을 보이고, 다양한 환경 하에서 여러 가지 최적의 checkpoint 간격벡터를 유도하였으며, 시뮬레이션을 통한 정량적 결과로써 그 우수성을 비교하고 검증하였다

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.699-703
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• 2016

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious clinical and an urgent problem worldwide. Few new drugs are available against MRSA, because MRSA has the ability to acquire resistance to most antibiotics, which consequently increases the cost of medication. In the present study, the antibacterial activity of Hydnocarpi Semen was investigated. The most effective method is to develop antibiotics from the natural products without having any toxic or side effects. Therefore, there is a need to develop alternative antibacterial drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases. Five Clinical isolates (MRSA) were obtained from five different patients at Wonkwang University Hospital (Iksan, South Korea). The Other 2 strains were ATCC 33591 (Methicillin-resistant strain) and ATCC 25923 (Methicillin-susceptible strain). Antibacterial activity (Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations, MICs) was determined by broth dilution method, disk diffusion method, MTT test, and checkerboard dilution test. Antibacterial activity of n-hexane fraction was remarkable, and had a MICs ranging from $31.25-125{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. FICI values for HFH+AM and HFH+OX were 0.13-0.19 and 0.04-0.29, showing the increase of synergistic effect. When combined together, these antibacterial effects were dramatically increased.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2003

Resin-bonded bridge has been an alternative to conventional bridge, since resin-bonded bridge has many attractive advantages such as minimal tooth preparation, short chair time and low cost over conventional bridge. Unfortunately, however, it was reported that resin-bonded bridge showed high failure rate from debonding of retainer in spite of consecutive advances in preparation and materials. And it was shown that multiple abutments were more likely to fail. The majority of debonding failure was considered due to the mobility of the abutment during function. In this view, recently, modification in resin-bonded bridge design was tried. Single retainer, single pontic. 2-unit cantilevered resin-bonded bridge was applied to clinical performance and was shown as retentive or more retentive than fixed-fixed type resin-bonded bridge. This was consistent with the results of studies in 2-unit cantilevered resin-bonded bridges made with all ceramic, In-ceram. The purpose of this article was to overview principles of design and to analyze clinical results of 2-unit cantilevered resin-bonded bridge in comparison with the reports of fixed-fixed resin-bonded bridge.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.408-412
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• 2014

An electromagnetic launching system presents a viable projectile propulsion alternative with low cost and minimal environmental drawbacks. A coil gun system propels a projectile using an electromagnetic force and the system is mainly employed in military weapon systems and space launch systems. In this paper, we perform optimization design to improve the muzzle velocity by analyzing the sensitivity. The muzzle velocity, which is the most important design function variable, is affected by design variables including the number of axial turns in the electromagnetic coil, number of radial turns in the electromagnetic coil, initial distance between the projectile and the coil, inner radius of the electromagnetic coil, and length of the projectile. An orthogonal arrays matrix is configured, and a finite element analysis is performed utilizing the commercial electromagnetic analysis software MAXWELL. The muzzle velocity of the optimal design is 62.4% greater than that of the initial design.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2002

FDG PET is a functional imaging modality whose ability to detect lesions is directly based on a change of the glycolytic metabolism of targeted tissues, may be advantageous over other techniques. Combined with excellent image qualify, high spatial resolution, and whole body imaging capability, it has become popular as a new approach in the evaluation of patients with various malignancies. Initial staging of nodal and extranodal lymphoma using FDG PET has been proven to be at least equal or superior to conventional imaging modalities. For the assessment of treatment responsiveness, FDG PET has a major impact on the management of patients in differentiating residual lymphoma from treatment related benign changes. Residual FDG uptake after the completion of chemotherapy is a good predictor of early relapse. However, it seems that the absence of FDG uptake in tumor mass may not exclude minimal residual disease causing later relapse. In the early evaluation of treatment response only after a few cycles of chemotherapy, FDG PET may have a promising role in identifying non-responders who could benefit from a different treatment strategy. At present, FDG PET appears to be the cost-effective, diagnostic modality of choice in the management of lymphoma patients. The role of FDG PET based-systems in terms of affecting long-term prognosis and survival benefit should be further elucidated in future prospective studios.

• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업정보학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.91-96
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• 1999

역할기반 접근제어(RBAC)는 접근제어 정책의 관리단가를 낮출 수 있는 접근제어 메커니즘 이다 RBAC 모델을 위해 개발된 관리도구(Admin Tool)는 사용자와 역할의 관계정보를 관리 한다. 이들 관계에 대한 정보의 일관성을 유지하기 위해서 관계정보의 일관성을 정의하는 특성 집합이 필요하다. 본 논문은 Linux 서버 시스템 환경에서 RBAC 기술을 이용한 보안 시스템을 설계할 때 사용자와 역할의 관계에 관한 정보관리를 위해 관계정보 일관성 특성에 관하여 다루었다. 이는 더 효율적인 관리도구를 구현하기 위해 일관성 특성에 대해 동등한 결과를 얻을 수 있는 최소 집합의 개발을 유도하기 위함이다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.245-266
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• 2004

Incremental launching method is one of the highly competitive techniques for construction of concrete bridges. It avoids costly and time consuming form work and centralizes all construction activities in a small casting yard, thus saving in cost and time against conventional bridge construction. From the quality point of view, it eliminates the uncertainty of monolithic behaviour by allowing high repetitiveness and industrial environment. But, from analysis and design point of view, the most characteristic aspect of incrementally launched bridges is that, it has to absorb the stresses associated with the temporary supports that are gradually taken on by the deck during its launch. So, it is necessary to analyse the structure for each step of launching which is a tedious and time consuming process. Effect of support settlements or temperature variation makes the problem more complex. By using transfer matrix method, this problem can be handled efficiently with minimal computational effort. This paper gives insight into method of analysis, formulation for optimization of the structural system, effect of support settlement and temperature gradient, during construction, on the stress state of incrementally launched bridges.