• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.525-531
• /
• 1996

Nutritional status of minerals of beef and dairy cattle and buffalo in central Thailand were investigated by evaluating the mineral concentrations in feedstuff and blood plasma of animals. Three crossbred beef cow herds, a native cow herd, a buffalo female herd and 3 dairy cattle herds which consisted of the herds of lactating cows, dry cows and heifers were studied in both rainy and hot seasons. Low Na concentrations (<0.07% on a dry matter basis) in pasture samples from the fields for a cross bred beef cow were observed. Copper concentrations in all the pasture samples ranged from 3.7 to 13.5 mg/kg. Iron and Se concentration in pasture samples had a wide variety ranging from 185 to 1,345 and 0.033 to 1.127 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of K, Ca, Mg, P, Zn and Mn in total diets were higher than the requirements for beef and dairy cattle. Some animals with subnormal plasma Cu concentrations(< $0.65{\mu}g/ml$) existed in each herd. The animals which showed subnormal plasma Se concentrations(< $0.03{\mu}g/ml$) were observed in beef cow herds. The concentrations of Ca, Mg and Zn in plasma of animals were normal. Attention should be paid to the deficiencies in Na, Cu and Se of the animals in central Thailand.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.108-113
• /
• 2009

Taurine supplementation has been shown to have a beneficial effect on femur bone mineral content in ovariectomized rats. It therefore seemed desirable to find out whether the beneficial effect of taurine on ovariectomized rats fed calcium deficient diet could also be reproduced. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups, One group was OVX and the other group received sham operation (SHAM), and received either control diet or a taurine supplemented diet for 6 weeks. All rats were fed on calcium deficient diet (AIN-93: 50% level of calcium) and deionized water. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured in spine and femur. The serum and urine concentrations of calcium and phosphorus were determined, Bone formation was measured by serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations, Bone resorption rate was measured by deoxypyridinoline (DPD) crosslinks immunoassay and corrected for creatinine. Urinary calcium and phosphorus excretion, osteocalcin in blood and cross link value were not significantly different among the groups. Within the OVX group, the taurine supplemented group had not higher femur bone mineral content than the control group. This study established the need for a study on the taurine effect on bone with different calcium levels.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2006

목 적 : 영양상태, 환경 오염원에 노출, 질병상태의 한 검진 방법으로서 모발 미네랄검사의 타당성에 대해 아직 많은 이견이 있으며 아직 국내 정상 소아의 참고치는 연구된 바 없다. 이에 저자들은 건강한 아동들의 모발 미네랄 함량의 정상 참고치를 산출하고 그 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 서울시의 북부지역에 거주하는 3-12세 사이의 질병이 없는 건강한 정상 아동 223명(남아 110명, 여아 113명, 평균 연령 $8.8{\pm}2.2$세)을 대상으로 모발을 채취하여 유도결합플라즈마질량분석기(ICP-MS)를 통해 영양 미네랄 11가지(나트륨, 마그네슘, 인, 칼륨, 칼슘, 크롬, 망간, 철, 구리, 아연, 셀레늄)와 독성 미네랄 6가지(알루미늄, 비소, 카드뮴, 바륨, 수은, 납)의 함량을 측정하고 이를 분석하였다. 결 과 : 칼슘 및 마그네슘의 농도는 여아에서 남아보다 높았고 카드뮴, 납 및 크롬의 농도는 남아에서 여아보다 높았다. 아연, 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리 및 수은은 연령이 증가할수록 모발 중 함량이 증가하는 상관관계를 보였다. 한국 아동의 모발 미네랄 함량의 참고치를 외국과 비교하였을 때 우리나라 아동은 아연치가 외국에 비해 낮은 경향을 보였다. 결 론 : 본 연구를 통해 국내 정상 아동의 모발 미네랄 함량의 기준치가 제시되었으며 본 연구에서 제시된 참고치가 한국 아동들의 여러 가지 질병과 모발 내 미네랄 함량과의 관계를 연구하는 데 유용한 기초 자료로 쓰일 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.41-55
• /
• 2015

Monitoring of $CO_2$ release through the ground surface is essential to confirm the safety of carbon storage projects. We conducted a feasibility study of the multi-channel surface-soil $CO_2$-concentration monitoring (SCM) system as a soil $CO_2$ monitoring tool with a small scale injection test. The background concentrations showed the distinct diurnal variation. The negative relation of $CO_2$ with temperature and the low $CO_2$ concentrations during the day imply that surface-soil $CO_2$ depends on photosynthesis and respiration. After 4.2 kg of $CO_2$ injection (1 m depth for 29 minutes), surface-soil $CO_2$ concentrations increased in the all five chambers, which were located less than 2.8 m of distance from each other. The $CO_2$ concentrations seem to be recovered to the background around 4 hours after the injection ended. To determine the leakage, the data from Chamber 2 and 5 with low increase rates were used for statistical analyses. Coefficient of variation for 30 minutes ($CV_{30min}$.) is efficient to determine a leakage signal, with reflecting the fast change in $CO_2$ concentrations. Consequently, SCM and $CV_{30min}$ could be applied for an efficient monitoring tool to detect $CO_2$ release through the ground surface. Also, this study provides ideas for establishing action steps after leakage detection.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.28-34
• /
• 1997

This study was conducted to determine the protein content, cell wall fractions, and mineral concentrations of some minor plant species collected for one year in pastures grazed by goats in the Philippines. An assessment of nutrient variability and a comparison of forage protein and mineral concentrations to the critical value of protein and minerals based on animal needs were also studied. The plant species were the following: grasses(Axonopus compressus, Eleusine indica, Rottboellia exaltata); legumes (Aeschynomene indica, Calopogonium muconoides, Desmodium tortousum); and herbs (Corchorus olitorius, Ipomea aquatica, Sida acuta, Synedrella nodiflora). The two seasons (dry and wet) were subdivided into Dry-1 (December to February, 132 mm total rainfall), Dry-2 (March to May, 25 mm total rainfall), Wet-1 (June to August, 1,138 mm total rainfall), and Wet-2 (September to November, 1,118 mm total rainfall). Results showed that significant differences were obtained on various nutrient fractions including those mineral concentrations across species. Across season, acid detergent lignin (ADL) had higher (p < 0.05) value at Dry-1. Legumes and herbs were higher in crude protein (CP) especially Sida acuta. Grasses showed the highest neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) with the addition of Sida nodiflora (herb) for it contained high NDF. Aeschynomene indica contained the highest amount of ADL and the herbs (Ipomea aquatica and Sida acuta) had exceptionally high concentration of minerals. Coefficient variation of the various nutrient values ranged from 27.3 to 136.7%. Some forage minerals appeared to be deficient (sodium, phosphorus and copper) or excess (molybdenum) for the whole or part of the year. This study shows that some minor plant species could extend the range of concentration of some nutrients (i.e., CP and minerals) beyond that normally found in conventional pasture species.

• 한국해양학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.271-278
• /
• 1995

한국 동남해역의 대륙붕 표층 쇄설퇴적물에 함유된 중광물 사립자의 연구를 위하 여 88 정점의 표층시료가 분석되고 해석되었다. 중광물 함량의 분포지역은 크게 4지역 으로 다음과 같이 나누어진다. 1)서부지역-자철석,석류석 및 ZTR 등의 안정한 중광물 이 크게 농축되어 분포함, 2) 한국해곡지역-안정한 중과물의 비교적 우세한 분포, 3) 동부지역-각섬석류와 풍화된 광물, 그리고 휘석류의 분포가 우세함, 4) 북동부 붕단지 역-안정한 광물이 적으면, 풍화 변질된 중광물이 우세함. 이와 같은 중광물의 함량 및 분포양상은 대륙붕 해저에 영향을 미치는 현세 해수면상승 (해침)의 과정에 따른 동력 학적 에너지 (파랑작동과 연안류 운동) 와 관련된 것으로 해석된다. 휘석류 중광물이 우세만 퇴적물은 일본의 화산암으로부터 기원된 것으로 제안된다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
• /
• pp.479-482
• /
• 2006

The absorption coefficient and backscattering properties of phytoplankton were calculated from the Mie theory. Given a simple case that phytoplankton and mineral particles are the only constitutions in seawater, the reflectance $b_b({\lambda})/[a({\lambda})+b_b({\lambda})]$was analyzed. Then the chlorophyll concentrations were estimated from remote sensing OC2 algorithm. The results show that reflectance in short wavelength region is more sensitive to the Chl variation; High mineral concentrations in seawater have significant influence on the reflectance spectrum; the existence of high mineral concentration may result in the mistake in chlorophyll estimation from OC2 algorithm.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.908-913
• /
• 2007

Concentrations of major elements in forages were determined in relation to ruminant requirements at a livestock experimental station in Leiah district, Punjab-Pakistan using mapping techniques. The study investigated the influence of sampling periods and pasture types on the concentrations of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium in forages. The implications of these forages for nutrition of ruminants were assessed for the livestock population at that particular experimental station, which are supported by the farm pastures. Within the farm, variations in the element status of the forages were related to soil pasture types. A tentative assessment of the mineral status of available forages at this farm for different pastures using guidelines developed for domestic animals indicated deficiencies of only Na, but forages contained adequate Ca, Mg, and K levels required for grazing ruminants. The concentrations of Na in the forage reserves indicated that the potential supply of this element to plants was limited from the soil to plants and from plants to the animals grazing them. Soil minerals were not measured in this study. The potential use of fertilizers, as pasture amendment as well as supplementation of ruminants, with a specifically tailored mineral mixture is important to livestock producers and environmentalists as well, because their use may improve forage nutritive value and in turn meet requirements of animals.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.818-826
• /
• 1995

The present study was undertaken to investigate the crystal growth onto enamel mineral and synthetic hydroxyapatite seeds in media resembling the enamel fluid composition. Effects of fluoride at low concentrations on the precipitation were also examined in a benchtop crystal growth model adopting a miniaturized reaction column. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), as well as chemical analyses, were employed for characterization of both seed materials before and after experimentation. Remarkable findings were that (1) both biological and synthetic seeds at the same total surface areas yielded rather similar precipitation rates at all levels of fluoride concentration in solution and (2) the precipitation rate was accelerated in a manner depending on fluoride concentrations in media. FTIR differential analysis disclosed that the precipitating phase was characterized as poorly crystallized apatite, which incorporated subtle carbonate. Most of the fluoride ions in soution were readily incorporated into crystals. The overall results support the view that the seeded crystal growth model is of value to gain insight into the mechanism of enamel crystal growth under fluoride regimens.

• 동굴
• /
• 제8호
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 1998

A large number of lava tubes in southwestern idaho contain some extremely impressive secondary mineral deposits. Gypsum and mirabilite can be found coating entire lava formation and in some cases entire rooms, thenardite and cristobolite can also be found throughout idaho's lava tubes, although in smaller individual concentrations. To a lesser degree iron and copper-based deposits have been found. On rare occasions and in very small quantities calcium carbonate deposits have been found.(omitted)