• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.11.1-11.10
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to introduce the use of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for evaluation of the mineral content of root canal dentin, and to assess whether a correlation exists between LIBS and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) methods by comparing the effects of irrigation solutions on the mineral content change of root canal dentin. Materials and Methods: Forty teeth with a single root canal were decoronated and longitudinally sectioned to expose the canals. The root halves were divided into 4 groups (n = 10) according to the solution applied: group NaOCl, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 1 hour; group EDTA, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 2 minutes; group NaOCl+EDTA, 5.25% NaOCl for 1 hour and 17% EDTA for 2 minutes; a control group. Each root half belonging to the same root was evaluated for mineral content with either LIBS or SEM/EDS methods. The data were analyzed statistically. Results: In groups NaOCl and NaOCl+EDTA, the calcium (Ca)/phosphorus (P) ratio decreased while the sodium (Na) level increased compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). The magnesium (Mg) level changes were not significant among the groups. A significant positive correlation was found between the results of LIBS and SEM/EDS analyses (r = 0.84, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Treatment with NaOCl for 1 hour altered the mineral content of dentin, while EDTA application for 2 minutes had no effect on the elemental composition. The LIBS method proved to be reliable while providing data for the elemental composition of root canal dentin.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.93-107
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• 2005

부산 신항만 및 녹산공단 지역을 포함하는 낙동강 하구 유역에는 두꺼운 점토질퇴적물이 퇴적되어 연약지반을 구성하고 있다. 이곳의 4개의 시추공에서 채취한 점토퇴적물에 대해 광물성분과 공학적 토질물성을 분석하여, 깊이에 따른 변화를 검토하고 그들의 상관관계를 검토하였다. 그 결과 점토퇴적물 속에 함유된 일부 광물조성은 토질물성과 약간의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 석영의 함량은 습윤단위중량과 정의 관계이고, 액성한계와는 부의 상관관계를 보였다. 함수량은 장석의 함량과는 부의 관계이고, 점토광물의 함량과는 정의 관계를 나타냈다. 습윤단위중량은 점토광물의 함량과는 부의 관계를 나타냈다. 그리고 복합적 인자에 의한 상관분석 결과에서 소성지수는 점토광물, 스멕타이트, 점토입토의 함량과 일정의 관계식을 가지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 염소 바이패스 분진을 광물 탄산화하여 시멘트의 원료 및 콘크리트 혼화재로 적용하기 위한 초기 연구를 수행하였다. 염소 바이패스 분진의 물리적·화학적 특성을 확인하기 위해 수세 처리 유무 및 수세 횟수에 따른 XRD, XRF, 입도분포 분석을 수행하였으며 그에 따른 특성 변화를 확인하였다. 분진의 종류, 교반 온도, 시간 경과에 따른 염소 바이패스 분진의 광물 탄산화 결과 수세 미처리 샘플은 최대 24%이었으며 수세 처리 샘플은 27%이었으나 실험 조건에 따라 광물 탄산화의 속도 및 정도는 상이하였다. 수세 처리된 분진이 수세 미처리 분진에 비해 더 많은 광물 탄산화가 일어난 이유는 칼슘 함량이 더 높았기 때문이라고 판단되었다. 또한, 더 높은 교반 온도는 초기 광물 탄산화를 더 촉진시키지만 분진의 종류 및 시간 경과에 따라 상이한 결과가 도출되었다.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.26-29
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• 2014

The corrosion behavior of stainless steel 304 (SS 304), titanium, nickel and aluminium is studied by immersion and anodic polarization tests in non-aqueous electrolytes. Tetraethyl ammonium tetrafluoroborate is used as a supporting electrolyte in the three kinds of solvents. The immersion test shows that chemical corrosion rate in propylene carbonate-based electrolyte is lower than those in acetonitrile- or ${\gamma}$-butyrolactone-based electrolytes. Surface analyses do not reveal any corrosion product formed after the immersion test. In the anodic polarization tests, a higher concentration of supporting electrolyte gives a higher current density. In addition, a higher temperature increases the current density in the active region and reduces the potential range in the passive region. SS 304 shows the highest corrosion potential while Al shows the lowest corrosion potential and the highest current density in all studied conditions. Based on the conducted corrosion tests, the corrosion resistance of metal substrates in the organic solvents can be sorted in descending order as follows: SS 304 - Ti - Ni - Al.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.82-91
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• 2012

The heavy metal effects on the degradation of fluorene by Sphingobacterium sp. KM-02 was determined in liquid cultures. The results showed that 10 mg/L cadmium, copper, zinc, and lead not only affected the growth of KM-02 with fluorene but also the ability of growing or resting cells to degrade this compound. Growth and fluorene degradation were strongly inhibited by cadmium and copper at 10 mg/L, while the inhibitory effect of zinc and lead at the same concentration or at 100 mg/L were not significant. In contrast, arsenic did not affect degradation or growth, even at very high concentrations of 100 mg/L. Subsequent analyses additionally revealed that concentrations of arsenic remained unchanged following incubation, while those of cadmium and copper decreased significantly.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.85-96
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• 1986

The Bupyeong Silver mine which is located approximately 35km west of Seoul is currently the leading silver producer in Korea. The deposits occur as stockwork deposits hosted in Jurassic pyroclastic rocks. Occurrences of ore deposits and mineral paragenesis suggest a division of mineralization into four stages: Stage I, deposition of iron oxide and base metal sulfides; Stage II, deposition of tin oxide and silverm inerals; stage III, deposition of native silver and other silver minerals; Stage IV, formation of pyrite bearing siderite veinlets, Silver minerals in ore are native silver, argentite, freibergite, pyrargyrite, canfieldite, polybasite, dyscrasite and Ag-Fe-S mineral. The most important silver mineral is native silver among them. Chemical composition of important silver minerals were determined by electron probe microanalyser. Assay, size and modal analyses for floatation products were carried out. In floatation products, relative proportion of native silver for total important silver minerals have following ranges: feed, 64.7 to 74.74 wt.%; A-cleaner concentrate, 80.58 to 98.79 wt.%; and final tailing, 28.12 to 72. 57 wt. %. Average degree of liberation for native silver in feed and A-cleaner concentrate are 60.49% and 77.57% respectively. Negative relationship can be recognized between native silver and argentite in their abundance and behavior in floatation precesses.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2010

Osteoporosis is a disease that increases the fracture rates and a major cause of increased mortality and morbidity in the elderly people. This study is to determine which components of body composition and metabolic syndrome risk factors are important to bone health, we analysed the relationship among bone mineral density (BMD), body composition and metabolic syndrome risk factors in females. Totally 630 females participated in a medical check-up program (mean age 47 years) were selected for this study. Body composition analysis was performed by segmental bioelectrical impedance method, muscle mass, and percent body fat were measured. We also measured metabolic syndrome risk factors including abdominal obesity, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, blood pressure and fasting glucose level. Metabolic syndrome was defined by NCEP-ATP III criteria. The lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were measured using the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were observed in 180 and 51 persons, respectively. Muscle mass and HDL-cholesterol decreased in osteopenia and osteoporosis groups compared to the control group, and the grade was shown progressively by the symptoms. Significant positive correlation between BMD and muscle mass was observed. Multi variable regression analyses showed that % body fat and muscle mass were independent predictors of BMD after adjustment of age, height and weight. In conclusion, the BMD showed negative correlation with the metabolic and body composition was associated with BMD.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2005

Purpose: To evaluate physical characteristics, lifestyle related to bone-health, and bone mineral density (BMD) in mothers and their daughters and to determine the predictors of BMD. Method: BMDs at the forearm, lumbar spine, and femur were measured in 101 healthy, mother-daughter pairs by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Mother-daughter differences between general characteristics, means for BMDs were assessed by ${\chi}^2$-test, t-tests. Multiple regression analyses were used to identify predictors of BMD in each group. Results: Mothers had significantly higher BMD than their daughters at forearm, lumbar spine, and femur. The predictors of mothers' BMDs were body weight, body mass index (BMI) and percentage body fat, explaining 5.1~31.6% of the variation in BMDs. BMI, percentage body fat and their mother's BMD of the corresponding site bone were predictors in daughters, explaining 17.5~31.6% of the variations in BMDs. Conclusion: These results indicate the importance of weight on bone that the BMDs seems to be related to fat free mass both in young-adult daughters and in middle aged mothers. These also suggest the importance ofintervention for the development of BMD in daughter of mother with low BMD.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.818-826
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• 1995

The present study was undertaken to investigate the crystal growth onto enamel mineral and synthetic hydroxyapatite seeds in media resembling the enamel fluid composition. Effects of fluoride at low concentrations on the precipitation were also examined in a benchtop crystal growth model adopting a miniaturized reaction column. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), as well as chemical analyses, were employed for characterization of both seed materials before and after experimentation. Remarkable findings were that (1) both biological and synthetic seeds at the same total surface areas yielded rather similar precipitation rates at all levels of fluoride concentration in solution and (2) the precipitation rate was accelerated in a manner depending on fluoride concentrations in media. FTIR differential analysis disclosed that the precipitating phase was characterized as poorly crystallized apatite, which incorporated subtle carbonate. Most of the fluoride ions in soution were readily incorporated into crystals. The overall results support the view that the seeded crystal growth model is of value to gain insight into the mechanism of enamel crystal growth under fluoride regimens.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.217-227
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• 2009

황해도 해주만 근해로부터 채취된 해사로부터 비중선별 및 자력선별을 통한 중광물의 회수공정을 실시하여, 광물학적 특성을 분석하였다. 해주 해사 내에 포함된 중광물 중 유용광물로는 티탄철석, 자철석, 적철석, 저어콘 및 소량의 모나자이트가 그리고 맥석광물로는 석영, 정장석, 알바이트 백운모, 보통각섬석 및 석류석 등이었다. SIROQUANT 프로그램에 의한 정량분석 결과, 요동테이블 선별(shaking table separation), 영구자석을 이용한 자력선별(rare-earth magnetic separation) 및 전자석 자력선별(Eddy current magnetic separation)로부터 회수한 유용광물의 함량은 각각 4%, 10% 및 76~89% (7000 G 및 10000 G인 조건에서)로 증가되었다. 화학분석으로부터 계산된 티탄철석, 모나자이트 및 저어콘의 함량은 XRD 정량 결과와는 다소 차이를 보였으나 그 경향이 유사하였다. 티탄철석의 경우에는 7000 G 및 10000 G에서 각각 53% 및 66%가 농집 되었으며, 모나자이트의 경우에는 영구자석을 이용한 1차 자력선별의 자성간물에서 가장 높은 약 1.2%를 보였다. 한편 저어콘의 경우에는 10000 G의 2차 전자석 자력선별에서 약 1.4%의 함량을 보였다. 특히 영구자석을 이용한 자력선별 후 비자성 광물군에 포함된 시료 중 +50메쉬인 입단에서 약 9%를 보였다.