• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.55-55
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• 2019

Strawberry which is the genus Fragaria under family Rosaceae is one of the most important fruit plants for both fresh consumption and food processing in the temperate and subtropical countries. Propagation of strawberry is achieved either through runners or by in vitro micropropagation. Meristem tips, generally obtained from runners of virus-free plants, are commonly used to establish in vitro cultures, which are employed for mass propagation or as a source of plant material for regeneration and transformation experiments. This study was conducted to determine the optimal natural additives strength to improve sprouting shoot rate of apical meristem of strawberry 'Seolhyang'. Strawberry apical meristem at size (0.2 mm to 0.3 mm) with leaf primordials were cultured on the 1/3MS(Murashige & Skoog) medium supplemented with five natural additives such as coconut milk, maple sap, banana powder and peptone. The sprouting ratio and growth characteristics were evaluated after eight weeks after in vitro culture. Shoot ratio of 'Seolhyang' apical meristem was 72.9% in 1/3MS medium supplemented with maple sap. On the other hand, the low shoot ratio was observed 47.7% in 1/3MS medium supplemented with banana powder. Shoot length was different as natural additives but numbers of leaf was not significantiy different among the natural additives. As a result, the sprouting ratio and plant growth were enhanced effectively in 1/3MS medium with maple sap compared to the others.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.259-269
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the changes in the eating habits and lifestyle of middle-aged women in Gwangju during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A total of 428 middle-aged women aged between 40 and 60 participated in a survey relating to general information, food and lifestyle, health functional food, and menopausal symptoms. The correlation between the variables was analyzed. Results: In the positive habits, the intake of nutritional supplements for immunity enhancement increased the most, followed by the use of media to learn healthy eating tips, and diets including healthy food. Negative habits increased in the order of frequency of taking delivery orders, levels of stress or anxiety, and time spent sitting or watching movies. In the case of recommended foods, the intake increased the most in the order of eggs, fruits, vegetables, milk/dairy products, and seaweed. Non-recommended foods increased in the order of meat, bread, rice, and noodles. The awareness of health functional foods was in the increasing order of interest, knowledge, consumption experience, and purchase amount. The type of health functional food intake was in the increasing order of probiotics, multivitamin and mineral supplements, vitamin C, collagen, and omega-3. Menopausal symptoms were in the increasing order of bone and joint pain, poor sleep quality, emotional ups and downs, loneliness, and feeling of emptiness. In the correlation of major variables, positive habits showed a significant positive correlation with recommended food intake and the recognition of health functional foods. Negative habits showed a significant positive correlation with non-recommended food intake and a significant positive correlation with menopausal symptoms. Recommended food intake showed a significant positive correlation with health functional food recognition and intake and menopausal symptoms. Conclusions: This study suggests that it is necessary to establish social measures to reduce the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on middle-aged women and to ensure effective self-management through a healthy lifestyle since the pandemic has a long-term impact.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2021

Objectives: This study sought to assess the prevalence and duration of weight-control or health functional food use, associated weight-control behavior, perception, and knowledge among university students. Methods: The subjects were 442 university students in Cheonju, Korea, and data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Both χ2 and t-tests were conducted for categorical and mean comparisons. Results: An estimated 62.7% (female 69.0%, male 54.8%) had ever attempted weight-control. Among these, an estimated 59.2% of females and 38.9% of males had used weight-control or health functional foods with significant gender difference. The weight-control foods commonly used included chicken breast, protein powder, low-fat milk and soymilk, and meal replacement drinks, while garcinia cambogia extract and green tea extract were frequently used as health functional foods. One of 10 (10.3%) consumers of weight-control foods reported ≥ 7 months use, with less frequent long-term consumption of health functional foods (4.2%). The average degree of satisfaction was 3.24 ± 0.92 for weight-control foods and 2.72 ± 0.97 for health functional foods on a 5-point scale, meaning 'slightly satisfied' and 'slightly dissatisfied', respectively. Females or students with an experience of weight-control reported poorer perceptions of their health and body image as well as a higher need for weight control. Besides, both male and female subjects felt a high need for correct information regarding weight-control methods. Conclusions: Our results provide a better understanding of the characteristics associated with the use of weight-control or health functional foods among university students and will be useful in developing a nutrition education program by incorporating correct body image, knowledge, and practical yet desirable practices for weight control.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.233-247
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to describe the development process of the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). SUBJECTS/METHODS: The components of KHEI were selected based on Dietary Guidelines for Koreans, domestic and overseas dietary quality indices, and results of the analysis of association with chronic diseases. The standards for scoring of KHEI were selected based on the 2015 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRI). The KHEI scores of Korean adults were calculated using a 1-day 24-h recall data in the 2013-2015 KNHANES. RESULTS: The KHEI included eight adequacy components evaluating the proper intake of recommended foods such as fruit, vegetable, and milk and three moderation components evaluating the consumption of food that limit intake such as sodium and saturated fatty acid. In addition, three balance components assessing the balance of energy intake were included. The KHEI score was defined to range from the minimum of 0 point to the maximum of 100 points. Among Korean adults, the total KHEI score was 63.2 out of 100. Gender and age differences were found in the average of total KHEI scores. Women showed higher score than men (61.7 in men and 64.7 in women, respectively). By age group, 20s and 30s showed the lowest scores with 57.4 and 61.1 respectively, and the scores increased with age by peaking at 67.8 in ages 60-69 and slowed down again in ages 70 or over. CONCLUSIONS: The KHEI can be useful for establishing and assessing national nutritional policies and in epidemiological studies to assess the relationship between overall dietary quality and chronic diseases. KHEI will need to be continuously updated to reflect changes in dietary guidelines and the KDRI.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.658-672
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although children of ethnic minority groups are experiencing a transition from a predominance of undernutrition to overnutrition, there is little evidence of a dual-malnutrition burden. Therefore, this study examined the double burden of malnutrition among school-aged ethnic minority children living in mountainous areas and its association with their diets. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2019 to March 2020 in 3 mountainous areas of Northern Vietnam among 1,556 ethnic minority school-aged children. The prevalence of under-nutrition (stunting and thinness) and over-nutrition (overweight and obesity) were measured using the WHO 2006 child growth standards (height-for-age and BMI-for-age Z-score). Nutritional practices were evaluated by the frequency of food consumption based on a 4-level scale. RESULTS: The percentage of children with stunting and thinness were 14.0% and 5.4%, respectively, while the figure for overweight/obesity was 9.4%. The factors positively associated with stunting were living in a family with more than 2 children or being Muong/other ethnicities compared to the Tay ethnicity. Children who consumed fish/shrimps/crabs or milk weekly/daily were less likely to be undernourished compared to those who never consumed these foods. By contrast, children who never consumed foods rich in vitamin A precursors and vitamin A and fruit or consumed daily snacks/junk food were more likely to be overweight/obese. CONCLUSIONS: Undernutrition remains a common issue among school-aged children and adolescents of ethnic minority groups, while over-nutrition exists simultaneously. Public health nutrition programs promoting adequate diets and positive lifestyle changes related to nutrition are essential to tackle the double burden of malnutrition among ethnic minority children.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.793-800
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• 2008

This study was conducted to evaluate the food habits and nutrient intake of preschool children by investigating their food and snack consumption. To accomplish this, a food habit questionnaire and dietary intake survey was administered to 148 children between 2 and 6 years of age (average 4.8 years). According to the Kaup index, the underweight, normal, overweight and obesity levels of the subjects were 4.7, 60.1, 26.4, and 8.8%, respectively. In addition, the total energy intake met the EAR ($1433.94{\pm}369.70kcal$), whereas the protein, iron, phosphorus, vitamin B and vitamin C levels exceeded the EAR and the RI. Furthermore, the nutrient intake profile revealed that the mean caloric value of breakfasts consumed by preschool children in Daegu (403 kcal) was significantly (p<0.001) higher than that of preschool children in the Gyeongbuk area (271 kcal). Additionally, preschool children in Daegu ($382.96{\pm}255.79kcal$) usually consumed significantly (p<0.01) less food than those in the Gyeongbuk area ($413.82{\pm}275.43kcal$). The preferred snacks among subjects (in descending order) were milk, bread, fruit, potato or sweet potato and cookies. The mean score of the Food Habit was $3.72{\pm}0.35$ out of 5, although the score of preschool children in Daegu ($3.77{\pm}0.32$) was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of children in the Gyeongbuk area ($3.65{\pm}0.32$). Taken together, these results indicate that there were significant differences in the Food Habit and nutrient intake level of children in Daegu and the Gyeongbuk area. Therefore, parents and caregivers should be aware of the importance of the nutritional status of preschool children and choose healthy snacks for them.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.156-170
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between how often Korean adolescents watch Mukbang and Cookbang videos and their dietary habits. Methods: Data from the 18th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey conducted in 2022 was analyzed for this study. The study included 51,850 middle and high school students and assessed various aspects, including demographics, frequency of watching Mukbang and Cookbang videos per week, dietary habits, health behaviors, and mental health factors. Results: Nearly a third (29.3%) of Korean adolescents watched Mukbang and Cookbang videos one to four times a week, while 13.5% watched them more than five times weekly. Females, those with lower academic achievement, and those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds were significantly more likely to be frequent viewers (P < 0.001). Increased viewing frequency was associated with poorer dietary habits. Adolescents who watched more frequently were less likely to eat breakfast and consume fruits and milk, while their consumption of fast food, high-caffeine drinks, sugary drinks, and late-night snacks increased (P < 0.001). Higher viewing frequency correlated with increased feelings of stress, depression, and loneliness (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis confirmed these associations. More frequent viewers were significantly less likely to eat breakfast (odds ratio (OR), 0.63; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.58-0.68), and more likely to consume fast food (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.69-2.02), high-caffeine drinks (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.30-1.56), sugary drinks (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.41-1.67), and late-night snacks (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.25-1.51). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that frequent exposure to Mukbang and Cookbang content is linked to unhealthy dietary habits in adolescents. Educational programs may be necessary to mitigate the potential for these videos to negatively influence dietary choices.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.565-571
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 인터넷을 통한 영양교육 강의를 수강하는 전국남녀 대학생의 지역별 신체계측, 식행동, 식품섭취빈도 및 영양섭취실태를 비교하고자 설문조사를 실시였으며 조사결과는 다음과 같다. 조사대상자의 연령은 남학생 평균 23.6세, 여학생 평균 21.0세로 남학생이 여학생에 비해 높지만 지역별 차이는 없었다. 남학생의 평균신장과 체중은 제7차 한국인 영양권장량에 제시되어 있는 $20{\sim}29$세 남녀 성인의 표준신장과 체중에 비하여 다소 높은 경향을 보였고, 여학생은 평균신장은 다소 높은 반면, 평균체중은 낮은 경향을 보였다. 식사의 규칙성에 관해 남학생의 경우 서울 48.0%, 인천 52.1%, 충청지역 59.1%, 경상지역 66.7%가 불규칙한 것으로 나타나 지역별 차이를 보였다. 여학생은 녹황색 채소류의 섭취를 일주일에 적어도 $6{\sim}7$회 섭취한다고 응답한 경우가 서울 23.2%, 인천 23.8%, 충청지역 15.8%, 경상지역 12.1%로 서울, 인천지역의 섭취빈도가 유의적으로 높았으나 전반적으로 녹황색 채소류 섭취빈도가 매우 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 남학생의 경우 비타민 $B_1$ 섭취가 충청지역, 경상지역 대학생이 다른 지역에 비해 유의적으로 가장 높게 섭취하는 것으로 나타났으며, 나이아신의 경우 서울지역이 인천지역에 비해 유의적으로 높은 것으로 조사되었으나 전반적으로 보았을 때 남학생들의 나이아신 섭취량은 지역에 상관없이 모두 권장량보다 낮게 섭취하는 것으로 나타났다. 여학생의 경우 비타민 $B_2$의 경우 충청지역 대학생들이 다른 지역에 비해 유의적으로 높은 섭취를 보였으며 특히 충청지역을 제외한 나머지 지역의 섭취량은 권장량보다 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 칼슘 섭취에 있어 인천지역 대학생들이 다른 지역에 비해 유의적으로 높은 섭취를 보였으나 모든 지역 여학생들의 칼슘 뿐 아니라 철분 섭취량은 권장량의 70%수준으로 매우 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 인터넷을 통해 영양교육 강의를 수강하는 전국의 대학생들의 식품 섭취빈도 및 영양섭취실태는 지역별 차이를 보였으나 대부분의 대학생들이 지역에 상관없이 불규칙적인 식습관을 보이고 있으며 에너지, 비타민 $B_1$, 비타민 $B_2$, 철분 및 칼슘 등의 영양소에 있어 한국인 영양권장량보다 낮게 섭취하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 대학생 시기의 올바른 식습관의 확립 및 영양밀도가 높은 식품섭취를 통한 건강증진 및 중 장년기 질병예방을 위하여 지속적으로 체계적인 영양교육이 필요한 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.140-149
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 성인 여성을 대상으로 비만 여부에 따른 영양소 및 식품 섭취의 질을 평가하고, 식사의 질과 비만지표와의 관련성에 대하여 분석하였다. 총 3,565명의 대상자 (정상군 2,841명, 비만군 724명)가 분석에 포함되었고, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1일 총 섭취 열량에서는 정상군이 1,707.81 kcal로 비만군의 1,634.94 kcal에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며 (p = 0.0199), 또한 섭취 열량 1,000 kcal당 영양소 섭취량을 분석한 결과 정상군은 비만군에 비해 탄수화물 (p = 0.0298) 및 나트륨 (p = 0.0169)의 섭취량은 유의적으로 낮았던 반면 칼슘 (p = 0.0261)의 섭취량은 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 칼슘의 경우 정상군에서 권장섭취량 대비 섭취율이 비만군에 비해 유의적으로 높았으며 (p = 0.0178), 평균필요량에 미달되게 섭취하는 대상자의 비율은 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다 (p = 0.0152). 영양소별 NAR 및 MAR을 분석한 결과, 정상군에서 칼슘의 NAR이 0.63으로 비만군의 0.60에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며 (p = 0.0158), 영양소별 NAR의 평균치인 MAR의 경우 정상군이 0.80, 비만군이 0.79로 두군간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한 1일 총 식품 섭취량은 정상군 1,297.36 g, 비만군 1,271.28 g으로 두군간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 우유 및 유제품의 섭취량에서 정상군이 비만군에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다 (p = 0.0162). DDS는 전체 대상자에서 3.753점으로 나타났으며, 정상군이 3.769점으로 비만군의 3.686점 보다 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다 (p = 0.0253). 또한 전체 연구대상자의 DVS는 30.07개로 나타났으며, 정상군과 비만군 각각 30.41개, 28.63개로 나타나 유의적인 차이를 보였다 (p = 0.0003). 식품섭취와 관련된 식사의 질 지수 (DDS, DVS)와 비만과 관련된 신체계측치 (체질량지수, 허리둘레)와의 관계를 분석한 결과, DVS가 많은 대상자들의 허리둘레 및 체질량지수가 더 낮은 경향을 보였으며 (p for trend < 0.01), 이 결과는 연령, 음주 상태, 신체활동 정도 및 열량 섭취량을 보정한 후에도 같은 양상으로 나타났다 (p for trend < 0.01). 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 비만한 성인 여성의 경우 정상 체중인 여성에 비해 칼슘 섭취 및 유제품 섭취의 질이 유의적으로 낮았으며, DDS 및 DVS가 유의적으로 낮아 다양하지 못한 식품 섭취 양상을 보이는 것으로 나타났고, DVS는 체질량지수 및 허리둘레와 유의적인 음의 관계를 보였다. 따라서 이와 같은 결과를 비만한 성인 여성을 대상으로 한 비만 관리에 적용할 때 고른 영양 섭취를 위해 식품군의 구성, 섭취하는 식품의 가짓수 등 영양균형에 중점을 두어 식사지도를 해야 할 것으로 생각되며, 칼슘 섭취의 질과 비만과의 인과관계를 명확히 분석하기 위하여 한국인을 대상으로 한 전향적인 코호트 연구 및 추가 분석이 필요하다고 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권8호
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• pp.691-701
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• 2009

본 연구는 2001년 국민건강 영양조사 자료를 이용하여 초 중 고 학령 어린이를 가구 소득 수준에 따라 저소득가정 어린이와 일반가정 어린이로 분류한 후 신체계측자료 및 영양소와 주요 식품군의 섭취수준을 학령군별로 비교 평가하였다. 주요 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 저소득가정 어린이들과 일반가정 어린이들의 학령군별 연령수준과 성별분포는 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 2) 저소득가정 어린이들의 신장, 체중, BMI는 일반가정 어린이들보다 전반적으로 낮은 경향이었으나, 이러한 차이는 중학생 학령군의 체중과 BMI에서만 통계적으로 유의하였다. 체중평가 결과의 분포를 비교한 결과, 저체중 또는 과체중의 비율이 두 소득계층간에 유의하게 다르지 않았다. 3) 에너지 섭취수준에는 소득계층에 따른 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 저소득가정 어린이의 경우 일반가정 어린이 보다 탄수화물에서 섭취하는 에너지 비율이 높고 지방에서 섭취하는 에너지 비율은 낮았다. 4) 일부 미량영양소의 경우, 저소득가정의 초등학생과 중학생 학령군의 평균 섭취수준이 일반가정 어린이들보다 낮았으며, 초등학생 학령군에서 이러한 차이를 보이는 영양소의 수가 더 많았다. 5) 식사구성안을 기준으로 여섯 가지 식품군에 대한 섭취수준을 평가하였을 때, 초등학생 또는 중학생 학령의 저소득가정 어린이들의 경우 우유 유제품과 과일의 평균 섭취수준이 일반가정 어린이들보다 낮았고, 또한 권장 수준보다도 낮은 수준이었다. 중학생과 고등학생 학령의 저소득가정 어린이의 경우, 고기 생선 계란 콩류의 평균 섭취수준이 일반가정 어린이보다 낮았고 이 또한 권장 수준보다 낮았다. 결론적으로 식품섭취 수준에서 본 우리나라 저소득가정 어린이의 식생활 문제는 일반가정 어린이와 공통적 요소를 가지고 있었으나, 그 심각성은 상대적으로 큰 것으로 나타났다. 즉 우유 유제품 및 과일의 섭취 부족은 소득 계층에 관계없이 학령기 어린이의 공통된 식생활 문제로 분석되었으나 이러한 문제가 저소득계층에서 더욱 심화된 양상이었다. 또한 일부 학령군의 저소득가정 어린이는 일반가정 어린이에게서는 발견되지 않는 특수한 식생활 문제로서 고기 생선 계란 콩류의 섭취 부족이 나타났다. 따라서 학령기 저소득층 어린이의 식생활 문제의 해결을 위해서는 일반 어린이와는 다른 접근방식의 보다 적극적인 지원 정책이 필요하며, 기존의 관련 정책 및 사업 또한 이러한 특수성을 고려한 개선이 시급하다. 저소득층 어린이들의 학령군에 따른 상이한 식생활문제 또한 이러한 정책 내용에 반영되어야 할 것이다.