• 제목/요약/키워드: mild schedule

검색결과 21건 처리시간 0.033초

백색 마우스의 전복부 조사량 및 회복기간에 따른 방광의 병리조직학적 고찰 (Histopathologic Change of External Abdominal Irradiation on Urinary Bladder of Mice at Total Dose and Intervals)

  • 김경애;김명세
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.103-111
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    • 1989
  • 방사선 조사후 방광의 손상에 관한 실험에서 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 손상군, 회복군 모두에서 암수가 비슷한 변화를 보여 방사선에 의한 손상에서 암수의 차이는 없었다. 2. 점막의 변화는 40GY 조사군에서 50GY군 보다 빨리 회복됨이 관찰되었고 14주에서 대부분 소실되었다. 3. 혈관의 변화는 40GY, 50GY 모두에서 혈관확장증, 초자질화, 내피하층과 중간층의 섬유화 등이 관찰되었으며 혈관주변의 섬유화는 15주까지 관찰되었다. 결체조직과 균육층의 변화는 40GY, 50GY 모두에서 조사후 15주까지 지속됨을 볼 수 있었다. 마우스의 평균수명(460일-1000일)에 비해 본 연구의 추적 기간이 105일로서 충분히 길다고는 할 수 없으나 상기 여러 결과로 미루어 후기 반응의 감소 및 예방을 위해 세심한 조사 계획이 있어야 함을 시사하였다.

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효모재조합 DNA B형 간염백신의 면역효과에 관한 연구 (A Study of Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of Hepatitis B Vaccine Made by Recombinant DNA Techniques in Yeast)

  • 민창홍;김교명;이규만
    • 대한미생물학회지
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.243-249
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    • 1986
  • A study of the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of two doses of lot H(10, 20 mcg), two doses of lot L (20, 40 mcg) of the Smith Kline-RIT recombinant DNA yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine and a 20-mcg dose of the Merck Sharp and Dohme plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine was conducted in young adults under randomized, double-blind conditions. Immunization was carried out according to a 0-, 1-, and 6-month vaccination schedule. Results indicated that the yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine was well tolerated and immunogenic. Reactogenicity to both yeast- and plasma-derived vaccines was mild in severity and low in incidence with no significant differences appearing between the study groups. One month after the third dose, the yeast-derived vaccines induced a high degree of soroconversion ranging between 95.0% and 100%. The response was not lot or dose-dependent. The administration of the plasma-derived vaccine resulted in anti-HBs geometric mean titres statistically signifirantly higher than those elicited by the different yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccines one month after the third dose of vaccine but the difference was not large enough to be of great clinical significance.

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유지 치주치료에 대한 환자 협조도 분석 (Patient compliance with supportive periodontal therapy)

  • 이혜원;박진우;서조영;이재목
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제39권2호
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    • pp.193-198
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the compliance to maintenance schedules recommended supportive periodontal therapy(SPT) and to determine differences in the characteristics of compliant and non-compliant patients. Methods: 414 patients commencing SPT after active periodontal treatment from 2003 to 2005 were included in this study. Based on their compliance with the suggested maintenance schedule, patients were classified as compliant and non-compliant groups. Also patients classified by gender, age, degree of alveolar bone loss and treatment rendered. The association between compliance and patient characteristics was assessed by odds ratio in logistic regression analyses. Results: Only 47% of the initial patient was found to be compliant at the end of August 2008 and 20.8% patients were lost in the first year of SPT. There were significant differences between compliant and non-compliant regard to age, degree of alveolar bone loss and treatment rendered. Conclusions: In conclusion, compliance with SPT generally poor and patients who were older, treated surgical therapy and with mild alveolar bone loss are more compliant to SPT.

1회 2회 분복 투여하는 Moclobemide의 효과와 안전성 : 주요우울장애 환자에서 개방 시험 (The Efficacy and Safety of Moclobemide Twice Daily : An Open Trial in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder)

  • 윤진상;이형영;국승희;최영
    • 생물정신의학
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    • 제3권1호
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    • pp.102-108
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    • 1996
  • 본 연구는 한국인의 우울증 환자에서 moclobemide가 효과적이며 안전하게 사용될 수 있음을 입증하였으며, 투약 방법으로 초기 권장량인 1일 300mg을 2회 분복시키는 방법이 추천될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

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Traumatic degloving injuries: a prospective study to assess injury patterns, management, and outcomes at a single center in northern India

  • Divij Jayant;Atul Parashar;Ramesh Sharma
    • Journal of Trauma and Injury
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.385-392
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: This study investigated the epidemiology, management, outcomes, and postoperative disabilities of degloving soft tissue injuries (DSTIs) treated at a tertiary care center in northern India. Methods: A prospective study of patients with DSTIs was conducted over 15 months. The type of degloving injury, the mechanism of injury, and any associated injuries were analyzed using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 2.0 along with the management, outcomes, and disabilities at a 3-month follow-up. Results: Among 75 patients with DSTIs, the average age was 27.5 years, 80.0% were male, and 76.0% had been injured in traffic accidents. The majority (93.3%) were open degloving injuries. Lower limbs were affected most often (62.7%), followed by upper limbs (32.0%). Fractures were the most commonly associated injuries (72.0%). Most patients required more than two procedures, including secondary debridement (41.3%), split skin grafting (80.0%), flap coverage (12.0%), or vacuum-assisted closure (24.0%), while five patients underwent conservative management for closed degloving injuries. Postoperative complications included surgical site infections (14.7%) and skin necrosis (10.7%). Two patients died due to septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The mean length of hospital stay was 11.5±8.1 days, with injuries affecting the lower limbs and perineum requiring longer hospital stays. The mean WHODAS 2.0 disability score at 3 months was 19. Most patients had mild disabilities. Time away from work depended largely upon the site and severity of the injury. Approximately 75% of patients resumed their previous job or study, 14% changed their job, and 8% stopped working completely due to residual disability. Conclusions: DSTIs are common injuries in trauma and management is challenging. Although open DSTI are clinically evident at secondary survey, closed degloving injuries may be missed in the primary survey, necessitating a high index of suspicion, thorough clinical examination, and protocol-based management. Primary preventive strategies (e.g., road safety protocols, preplacement training, and proper protective equipment in industries) are also needed to reduce the incidence of these injuries.

마리화나 남용환자의 역동적인 발달요인과 문제해결 (Dynamic Developmental Factors and their Problem Solving of Patients that Abuse Marihuana)

  • 원정숙
    • 대한간호학회지
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.105-116
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    • 1974
  • This study was made on patients who were Hospitalized due to sickness caused by the abuse of marihuana at the Psychiatric Section of a hospital during the period from Feb. to Oct., 1974. The following conclusion was obtained by reviewing the literature with respect to the nursing, and problem solving of those patients. 1. It appears that marihuana is a comparatively mild intoxicant in ordinary preparation without causing physical dependence or tolerance. 2. According to the status of men who are marihuana smokers, approximately 20% of them were college students, those preparing to retake college entrance examinations, non-employed and pharmacists. The men belong mostly to the middle foreigner′s mistress of higher, income bracket, and in the case of women, most of the smokers were US. servicemen entertainers. 3. Dynamic developmental factors: Case 1. : The patient had a characteristic, hysterical and emotionally unitable character, and was of low intelligence, In addition, to this already existing problem, the added uses of marihuana caused a mental illness to develope. Case 2 : The character, was reserved and introspective, her creative power and sentiment was fading and his ability of self-control was weakened. She used the smoking of marihuana to get rid of her own feeling of inferiority complex and tensions coming from interpersonal relationships. Case 3 : The patient was unconditionally resistive to the authoritativeness of superiors and irresponsible in his relationship with women, in his attitude concerning sex in general. He smoked marihuana because he felt become peace-loving and get enchanted experience through smoking it. 4. The points of issue appearing from the above case; (1) Movement of anti-social feelings against the "established system" by the youngsters. (2) Family problem. (3) Shamelessness, loss of motivation, disorderly attitude toward the sex, (4) Worries concerning the future. (5) Lack of knowledge concerning smoking of cigarette and marihuana. Chronic use of marihuana made, those youngman who had originally been ambitions to achieve something in life, lazy, inefficient, unable to make long-term plans, are such weak mined persons that they did not try to overcome problems when encountered. This will pose a great and important question in the mental health of the society, 5. Treatment and Problem sieving According to the literature, we will have to place importance upon hospitalized treatment The phases of treatment were divided into five parts. (1) Prehospital phase (2) Withdrawal Phase (3) Rehabilitation phase (4) Transitional phase (5) After-care phase The experiments have proved that there was much progress in the recovery of patients through environment therapy, supportive therapy and group psychotherapy. This was the above mentioned 5 phases of treating process in accordance with the weekly schedule of the hospital. It was thought that the patients would require prolonged after care management even after they were released from the hospital and that they will also require periodic visit, to the hospital and doctor′s interview with their family. In conclusion, the question of the young generation and marihuana smoking is becoming a great social problem in which their resistances to the "established system" and society is growing in the from of antiestablishment movements. In our country, the smoking of marihuana is gradually developing, therefore, I think, that it would be a very fortunate thing for us, if this report could be helpful for the motivation of further study on the questions of the young generation and its problems.

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건강한 소아와 청소년에 대한 A형 간염(VAQTATM) 2회 접종시 면역원성 및 안전성에 대한 연구 (Immunogenicity and Safety of a Two Doses of Hepatitis A Vaccine(VAQTATM) in Healthy Children and Adolescents)

  • 이진수;박지호;손영모
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.160-167
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    • 2001
  • 목 적 : A형 간염의 항체보유율의 감소와 이에 따른 질병 부담이 커진 최근, 건강한 2~17세 소아, 청소년에게 2회에 걸친 A형 간염 백신 접종 후 면역원성과 안전성 및 내약성을 조사하여 기본 접종으로의 적합성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 총 110명의 대상자를 통한 공개, 단일 기관 임상시험으로서, 대상에 적합한 건강한 소아, 청소년에게 24주 간격으로 2회 A형 간염($VAQTA^{TM}$) 백신을 투여하였다. 2차 접종 4주 후에 modified HAVAB 검사법으로 면역원성을 평가하였고, 매회 접종마다 30분간의 즉각적인 알레르기 반응, 4일간의 발열 반응, 14일간의 국소, 전신 이상반응을 평가하였다. 결 과 : 총 110명 중 대상에 적합한 102명이 1차 접종을, 100명이 2차 접종을 완료하였다. 채혈은 90명에서 실시되었고 2차 접종 4주 후 100%의 면역원성을 나타냈다. 기하평균은 Per-protocol analysis에서 7,991.1 mIU/mL이었다. 이상반응으로는 국소 이상 반응이 2.9%로 주사 부위의 통증이 2%, 소양감이 1%였다. 전신 이상반응은 4.2%였으며 피로감이 가장 많아 2.9%였고, 구토와 구역, 무력감 등이 관찰되었다. 아나필락시스나 중대한 이상반응은 없이 모두 경미하고 일시적이었다. 결 론 : 소아용 A형 간염 백신($VAQTA^{TM}$)을 6개월 간격으로 2회 접종 후 100% 면역원성 관찰하였으며 접종자에서 우수한 내약성과 안전성을 확인하였다. 최근 성인에서 A형 간염의 중요성이 강조되고 있는 상황에서 소아에서 적극적인 예방접종의 필요성이 검토되어야 한다.

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화병과 화병 ${\bullet}$ 주요우울증 중복진단군의 OMS-prime을 통한 변증유형 비교연구 (A comparative study on pattern identification by OMS-prime of Hwa-Byung group and Hwa-Byung with Major Depression double diagnosis group)

  • 김종우;김상호;정선용;박소정;변순임;김지영;황의완
    • 동의신경정신과학회지
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 2007
  • The objective of tills study is to identify the difference of somatic characteristics between Hwa-Byung and Major Depression by comparing the pattern identification of Hwa-Byung group and Hwa-Byung with Major Depression group(double diagnosis) Method: According to Hwa-Byung Diagnostic Interview Schedule(HBDIS) and SCID, 17 patients as diagnosed Hwa-Byung and 20 patients as diagnosed Hwa-Byung with Major Depression group(double diagnosis) were recruited. and by depression scale like Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HRDS) & Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale(MADRS), we excluded patients complaining moderate & severe depression among Hwa-Byung group and excluded patients showing mild depression among Hwa-Byung with Major Depression group. After this evaluation, we analysed and compared the pattern identification of both groups by OMS-prime. Result: 1. There were no significant differences of demographic data between both groups. 2. In the result of 'analysis on pattern identification' for all participant used by OMS-prime, most frequent pattern was deficiency of Yin and Yang of the heart(49%). 3. In the result of 'analysis on most correlated pattern identification' used by OMS-prime, for Hwa-Byung group was deficiency of Yin and Yang of the heart(45%) and the next were disharmony of the liver and spleen (20%), generation of phlegm due to stagnation of Gallbladder(15%) deficiency of Qi and Yin of the heart(l0%), And for Hwa-Byung with Major Depression group(double diagnosis) was deficiency of Yin and Yang of the heart(53%), the next were generation of phlegm due to stagnation of Gallbladder(18%), and deficiency of Qi and blood of the heart(l2%), 4. In the result of 'analysis on significant pattern identification' used by OMS-prime, for Hwa-Byung group was deficiency of Yin and Yang of the heart(20%) and the next were disharmony of the liver and spleen(15%), generation of phiegm due to stagnation of Gallbladder(15%), deficiency of Qi and Yin of the heart(14%), And for Hwa-Byung plus Major Depression group(double diagnosis) was deficiency of Yin and Yang of the heart(18%), the next were deficiency of Qi and Yin of the heart(18%), deficiency of Qi and blood of the heart(l0%), generation of phiegm due to stagnation of Gallbladder(18%), Conclusion: Hwabyung is syndrome that have many different symptoms, but there is no difference between Hwa-Byung group and Hwa-Byung with Major Depression group(double diagnosis) on the side of symptoms. Therefore, Hwabyung could be a new model for research on depression in Korean.

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Neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy and surgery in patients with advanced maxillary sinus cancer

  • Kim, Won Taek;Nam, Jiho;Ki, Yong Kan;Lee, Ju Hye;Kim, Dong Hyun;Park, Dahl;Cho, Kyu Sup;Roh, Hwan Jung;Kim, Dong Won
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.118-124
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: The optimal treatment of advanced maxillary sinus cancer has been challenging for several decades. Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) for head and neck cancer has been controversial. We have analyzed the long-term outcome of neoadjuvant IAC followed by radiation therapy (RT) and surgery. Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven patients with advanced maxillary sinus cancer were treated between 1989 and 2002. Five-fluorouracil (5-FU, $500mg/m^2$) was infused intra-arterially, and followed by RT (total 50.4 Gy/28 fractions). A planned surgery was performed 3 to 4 weeks after completion of IAC and RT. Results: At a median follow-up of 77 months (range, 12 to 169 months), the 5-year rates of overall survival in all patients were 63%. The 5-year rates of overall survival of stage T3/T4 patients were 70.0% and 58.8%, respectively. Seven of fourteen patients with disease recurrence had a local recurrence alone. The 5-year actuarial local control rates in patients with stage T3/T4, and in all patients were 20.0%, 32.3%, and 27.4%, respectively. Overall response rate after the completion of IAC and RT was 70.3%. During the follow-up, seven patients (25.9%) showed mild to moderate late complications. The tumor extent (i.e., the involvement of either orbit and/or base of skull) appeared to be related with local recurrence. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant IAC with 5-FU followed by RT and surgery may be effective to improve local tumor control in the patients with advanced maxillary sinus cancer. However, local failure was still the major cause of death. Further investigations are required to determine the optimal treatment schedule, radiotherapy techniques and chemotherapy regimens.

신체형장애, 우울장애 및 정신신체장애 환자들간의 질병행동의 비교 (A Comparison of Illness Behavior among Patients with Somatoform Disorders, Depressive Disorders and Psychosomatic Disorders)

  • 고경봉;기선완
    • 정신신체의학
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.185-194
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    • 1997
  • 본 연구는 정신과외래에 내원한 52명의 신체형장애, 52명의 우울장애, 51명의 정신신체장애환자들을 대상으로 질병행동을 비교하기 위해 실시되었다 질병행동을 평가하기 위해서 질병행동평가스케줄(illness behavior assessment schedule) 및 치료추구행태에 관한 설문을 사용하였으며 면담방법은 구조적인 형태로 이루어졌다. 신체형장애환자들과 정신신체장애환자들은 각각 우울장애환자들에 비해 신체적 질병에 대한 확신, 질병에 대한 공포, 질병에 대한 집착이 더 강하고 한의원의 이용빈도가 더 높았다. 신체형장애환자들은 우울장애환자들에 비해 질병의 원인을 신체적인 것으로 더 확신하고 정동장애의 원인을 심리적인 것으로 귀착시키는 경향이 낮으며 우울 및 안절부절못하는 정도 및 정신과에 대한 수용도가 각각 더 낮았다. 한편 신체형장애환자들은 정신신체장애환자들보다 질병의 정도가 더 경한 것으로 설명되었음을 확신하였다. 신체형장애환자들은 정신적 고통이 있는 경우에 감정표현의 억제가 더 현저하였다. 신체형장애환자들 중 여자들이 남자들보다 더 심리적 장애가 있고 병의 원인을 심리적인 인자로 귀착시켜 여자에 대한 정신과적 접근이 더 용이할 수 있음을 시사하였다. 이상의 결과들은 질병 행동에 있어서 신체형장애환자들이 우울장애환자들과는 다른 반면 증상의 평가에 있어서 치료자와 환자간의 차이를 제외하고는 정신신체장애환자들과 비슷한 양상임을 시사한다. 따라서 신체형장애환자들에 대한 접근은 이런 환자들의 심리적인 것을 부정하려는 욕구를 이해하면서 처음에는 신체적인 접근으로 시작하여 점진적으로 심리적 및 생물정신사회적인 접근으로 전환해야 할 필요성이 강조된다.조절되어진다는 사실을 제시한다. 하지만 태생어류에서 이 호르몬의 실질적 작용 메카니즘 및 명확한 작용시기에 대해서는 보다 많은 연구가 요구되어 진다.을 설계하는 것이 가능하였다.적(最適) 온도(溫度)는 $30^{\circ}C$, avicelase와 ${\beta}-glucosidase$의 최적(最適) pH는 5.0, CMCase는 pH 5.5 이었으며, 균사(菌絲) 생육(生育)은 pH 5.0에서 양호(良好)하였다. 배양(培養) 기간(期間)은 avicelase가 8일(日), CMCase가 10일(日), ${\beta}-glucosidase$는 16 일간(日間) 배양(培養)하였을 때 최대치(最大値)를 보였고, 균사(菌絲) 생육(生育)은 12일(日) 배양(培養)했을 때 가장 양호(良好)하였다.가한 반면, 중국인들은 고소한 향의 강도, 고소한 향의 기호도, 전체적인 맛에서 뚜렷하게 일본참기름을 우수하게 평가하였다.s의 항체(抗體)로 반응(反應)시킨 후 protein-A gold(15 nm)로 표식(標識)시킨 바 제일 바깥 상층(上層)의 keratinocyte에 있어서 세포막표면(細胞膜表面)을 따라 표식(標識)되어 세포막항원(細胞膜抗元)을 나타내었으며, 이와 같은 소견(所見)으로 미루어 정상피부(正常皮膚) 중층편평상피세포(重層扁平上皮細胞)에서도 동일(同一)한 소견(所見)을 관찰(觀察)할 수 있다고 본다.al remnants, Resorption of fetus로 관찰된 것이다. Fetal death는 수정후 $14{\sim}18$일까지의 사망으로써 Maceration of fetus로

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