• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.327-334
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• 2016

This study was conducted to identify the relationship among health promotion behaviors, self-respect, and life satisfaction of middle-aged men and women who use the life gym. The participants included 208 middle-aged men and women who use the life gym in Korea. The data were collected between July 26 and September 10, 2014, using a self-report questionnaire, and were analyzed by frequencies, t-test, ${\chi}^2$ test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation using SPSS Win 18.0. The score for health promotion behaviors was 3.41, with men scoring 3.31 and women scoring 3.47 (t = -2.09, p=.038). Self-realization was the highest and physical activity was the lowest in the sub-region. The score for self-respect was 3.42, with men scoring 3.39 and women scoring 3.34. The life satisfaction score was 3.35, with men scoring 3.34 and women scoring 3.36. Health promotion behavior was positively correlated with self-respect (r = .427, p<.001) and life satisfaction (r= -.760, p<.001). Self-respect showed a significant positive correlation with life satisfaction (r = .469, p<.001). Moreover, higher health promotion behavior resulted in higher self-respect and life satisfaction. Moreover, it was found that higher self-respect led to higher life satisfaction. Therefore, to increase self-respect and life satisfaction of middle-aged men and women, it is necessary to develop and test programs for health promotion behaviors.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.133-140
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to provide a basic data of clothing development that can improve the satisfaction of the body shape by examining the subjective evaluation and characteristics of each type. The types of body shape of middle-aged women were analyzed as four types: elasticity loss ladder type, flat rectangular type, thin reverse ladder type, and upper body obesity inverted triangle type. The elasticity loss ladder type was developed with the lower body, and it was analyzed that the legs size such as the thighs and claves were large, the abdomen was protruded, and especially the underbelly appeared. The flat rectangular type was the largest of the four types, and was the skinny type. The width was larger than the thickness of the body, and the difference between the hip circumference and the waist circumference was small, and it was classified into a flat rectangular shape. The thin reverse ladder type was the smallest of the four types, the upper body was developed, the back had weight, and the body was leaning forward. And the lower body and leg were poor and the abdomen was protruding. Finally, the upper body obesity inverted triangular was the highest type of BMI index among 4 types. All of subjects belong to the mild and middle obesity, and the second was the smallest but the most weighted type among 4 types. They had the fat body and big bust, the upper body was developed, and the lower body and legs were analyzed to be poor body shape. Based on the body shape of middle-aged women, it is necessary to develop designs and patterns that can cover the shortcomings of body shape.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.49-64
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• 2003

A study on skin care of middle-aged women was conducted to develop proper skin care program. The study was performed from January 25, 2003 through March 24, 2003 by using questionnaires. The subjects were 380 from some area in Youngnam province. All subjects were females from 40 to 59 years. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. According to general characteristics of the subjects, 36.8% of them was from 40 to 44years old; 61.3% 'high school graduate' ; 61.1% 'housewife';89.2% 'married' ;76.1% 'middle class' ;55.8% 'living in small or medium sized city'. In the case of physical health conditions, 55.8% of the respondents was in good health and 63.9% answered that their face skins were healthy. Those who don't drink were 54.5%, and those who don't smoking were 92.9%. 2. In case of the knowledge level of skin care, it showed significant difference in the variables of education, occupation, and economic status. According to the knowledge level of skin care by physical health conditions, it was highest in the case of physically healthy respondents(7.77 point). Those who do not smoke marked higher knowledge level of skin care than those who smoke. Those who exercise also marked higher knowledge level of skin care, than those who don't exercise. 3. 86.8% of the subjects experienced the massage at home. It showed significant difference in the variable of education and place of residence. The knowledge and habit of skin care of middle-aged women showed significant difference according to the variable of education, economic status, and place of residence. Therefore, related professionals and organizations relating to the skin care must make efforts to develop education program for effective skin care for middle-aged women in order to enhance the knowledge level of skin care and information about skin health.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.52-64
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to understand and describe the illness experience of middle-aged women who underwent craniotomy for meningioma. Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews with 7 middle-aged women who underwent craniotomy. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using Giorgi's phenomenological analysis to uncover the meaning of the illness experience of the participants. As a results, seven themes were identified: serious attack of fear in middle age, strengthening self-confidence in healing, escape from fear of death, care for my own body, two types of conflict for family harmony and disease, nurse as a healing partner, and opening the second life. Based on the results of this study, it will be possible to plan more comprehensive nursing intervention through understanding of participants' experience. Also, the main reason of fear that participants felt was lack of information about craniotomy. Therefore, the development of educational programs to provide information and knowledge about cranial surgery is suggested.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.163-171
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• 2022

This study was conducted to understand the research trends and central concepts of middle-aged women' health in Korea. For the analysis of this study, target papers published from 2012 to 2021 were collected by entering the keywords of 'middle-aged woman' or 'menopausal woman'. 1,116 papers were used for analysis. The co-occurrence network of key words was developed and analyzed, and the research trends were analyzed through topic modeling of the LSD by dividing it into five-year units (2012-2016, 2017-2021), and visualized word cloud and sociogram were used. The keywords that appeared the most during the last 10 years were obesity, depression, body composition, stress, and menopause symptom. Five topics analyzed in the thesis data for 5 years from 2012 to 2016 were 'postmenopausal self-efficacy and satisfaction enhancement strategy', 'exercise to manage obesity and risk factors', 'intervention for obesity and stress', 'promotion of happiness and life management' and 'menopausal depression and quality of life' were confirmed. Five topics of research conducted for the next five years (2017-2021) were 'menopausal depression and quality of life', 'management of obesity and cardiovascular risk factors', 'life experience as a middle-aged woman', and 'life satisfaction and psychological well-being' and 'menopausal symptom relief strategy'. Through the results, the trend of research topics related to middle-aged women's health over the past 10 years have been identified, and research on health of middle-aged women that reflects the trend of the future should be continued.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.466-473
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify effects of pelvic floor muscle exercise on sexual function and to present basic information on promoting sexual function for employed middle-aged women. Method: Data were collected from July to September, 2005 from a sample of 25 conveniently selected middle-aged working women from B city. For personal reasons, 10 dropped out, leaving 15 women who were treated with the exercise for 6 weeks. Outcome measures on sexual function were assessed by a self-report questionnaire based on the Female Sexual Function Index(Rosen et al, 2000 and translated by Kim, 2004). Cronbach ${\alpha}'s $ for the two studies were .82 and .96 respectively and for this study, .81. Descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean score for sexual function was 21.42(range 2-36). There were significant improvements in total sexual function, and 4 sub-scales of sexual function, sexual arousal, vaginal lubrication, orgasm, and coital pain. No significant improvements in sexual desire or sexual satisfaction were found. Conclusion: The small sample means findings must be interpreted with caution, but do suggest that pelvic floor muscle exercise could be an effective exercise for improvement of sexual function.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.482-492
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to identify the effects of self-foot reflexology on urinary incontinence symptoms, vaginal contraction and daily life discomfort of middle-aged women. Method: A quasi-experimental design was used. The subject were 39 middle-aged women with urinary incontinence, who were composed of 18 women in the experimental group, while 21 were in the control group. In the experimental group, self-foot reflexology was applied for 30 minutes, three times a week for 4 weeks. The obtained data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney U test of SPSS. Result: 1. Frequency(U=78.00, P=.001), amount(U=65.00, p=.001) and the situation score(U=81.00, P=.002)of urinary incontinence were reduced significantly in the experimental group as compared to the control group. 2. Maximum pressure(U=33.50, p=.000), mean pressure(U=38.00 p=.000) of vaginal contraction were improved significantly in the experimental group as compared to the control group. 3. Daily life discomfort in the experimental group was reduced whereas that of the control group was increased(U=63.00, p=.000) significantly. Conclusion: These findings indicate that self-foot reflexology is an effective method for reducing urinary incontinence symptoms and daily life discomfort and for increasing pressure of vaginal contraction of middle-aged women. Therefore self-foot reflexology can be considered as a independent nursing intervention for urinary incontinence.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.421-431
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• 2004

Purpose: The study was performed to investigate the predictors associated transition with each stage of exercise behavior based to the Transtheoretical Model, and to provide basic data for exercise behavior programs for middle aged women. Methods: The subjects consisted of 434 women residing in B city by convenience sampling. The collected data were analyzed with multiple logistic regression using SPSS/WIN program. Results: The predictors of transition from precontemplation to contemplation were consciousness raising(OR=2.095, 95% CI: 1.305-3.363), Reinforcement management(OR= 1.903, 95% CI: 1.107-3.271), Stimulus control (OR=2.176, 95% CI:1.239-3.820), Menstrual status (OR=5.327, 95% CI: 1.110-25.562). The predictors of transition from contemplation to preparation were Helping relationship(OR= 1.671, 95% CI: 1.065-2.662), Pros(OR=2.500, 95% CI: 1.254-4.982), Perceived Health status (OR=.178, 95% CI: .041-.770). The predictor of transition from preparation to action was Stimulus control(OR=1.918, 95% CI: 1.103- 3.336). The predictors of transition from action to maintenance were Consciousness raising(OR= 1.939, 95% CI: 1.031-3.647), Dramatic relief (OR=2.249, 95% CI: 1.025-4.931). Conclusions: Adequate examination on the factors, which can predict the transitional stages of change exercise behaviors among middle aged women, which is presented in this study. The results of this study will become the pillar of exercise intervention program planning and application.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.57-84
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to develop a leisure program that combines yoga and tea meditation affects the positive mood states and happiness of elementary working wives in their 50's. For this study, a pre and posttest control group design was used. A total of 46 subjects were allocated equally to the experimental group and the control group. A pretest, comprising 13 sessions of treatment, and a posttest were conducted. Of the 23 subjects in the experimental group, 16 were selected as interviewees and underwent in-depth interviews. The main results of this study are as follows: First, the experimental group of middle-aged working wives showed higher positive mood states(t=-3.494, p<.01) and higher levels of happiness(t=2.236, p<.05) after the program compared to the control group. Second, after participating in the study, those who had undergone in-depth interviews indicated that their lives had changed to become more confident, happy, comfortable, and self-directed, and that this change had positively impacted their relationships. In conclusion, in a situation where the lives, leisure and happiness of middle-aged working wives is becoming a social problem and a topic of discussion for national policies, it would be beneficial to develop and establish leisure programs for this population in order to promote health and happiness.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.440-449
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of taurine supplementation on serum lipidperoxide(TBARS), a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The subjects were 22 healthy middle-aged women(33 to 54 years). Serum lipids, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS), and plasma taurine levels were measured before and after supplying 3 g of taurine per day for 4 weeks. Plasma taurine was analyzed by Dabsyl-Cl(4-dimethylamino azobenzen-4-sulfonyl-chloride) derivatization and reversed-phase HPLC. Serum TBARS was measured by the Yagi method. Daily dietary taurine intake was calculated by food frequency questionnaire method. The weight and height means of the 22 subjects were $57.9{\pm}5.2$ kg and $159.2{\pm}5.2$ cm, respectively. Their percent body fat and waist/hip ratio(WHR) were 26.8% and 0.84, respectively, which were slightly higher than the average for middle-aged Korean women. Serum TC, TG and LDL-C levels tended to decrease after taurine supplementation, but HDL-C was not changed. A positive correlation between plasma taurine and HDL-C was shown after taurine supplementation. The serum TBARS concentration was significantly decreased from $5.05{\pm}0.84nmol/d{\ell}$ to $4.17{\pm}0.64nmol/d{\ell}$ after taking taurine(p<0.01), and the plasma taurine concentration was significantly increased from $63.7{\pm}14.2{\mu}mol/{\ell}$ to $73.8{\pm}16.6{\mu}mol/{\ell}$ after taurine supplementation(p<0.05). The average dietary intake of taurine was $178.5{\pm}50.4$ mg/day, which is similar to the average daily taurine intake of Korean women. In conclusion, taurine is an effective nutrient that antagonizes TBARS levels. Therefore, this study suggests that a sufficient taurine intake may be an effective way to prevent cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis.