• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.443-452
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• 2018

본 연구는 간호사의 사건보고태도, 사건보고지식 및 안전분위기 인지수준을 파악하고 간호사가 인지하는 안전분위기에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하기 위함이다. 간호사 240명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 자료수집하였으며 분석은 기술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson상관계수 및 다중회귀분석으로 하였다. 5점 척도에서 간호사의 사건보고태도는 3.34, 사건보고지식 3.05, 안전분위기 인지는 3.25로 나타났다. 사건보고태도는 사건보고지식, 안전분위기와 양적상관관계가 있었으며(r=.33, p<.001; r=.38, p<.001) 사건보고지식도 안전분위기와 유의한 양적 상관관계를 나타내었다(r=.32, p<.001). 안전분위기에 영향을 미치는 요인은 사건보고지식과 사건보고태도 하위영역 중 개선효과에 대한 신념과 보고의도였으며 이들 요인은 안전분위기 인지수준의 24.7%를 설명하였다(F=12.22, p<.001). 그러므로 사건보고에 대한 교육과 긍정적 태도를 증진시켜 안전분위기를 조성하는 것은 안전사고 예방중재로 적용가능하며 환자안전을 위한 강화된 실무전략개발로 확대되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.291-295
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• 2010

Four estrus-induced Himalayan tahrs (Hemitragus jemlahicus) were inseminated with frozen-thawed semen by laparoscopic or transcervical insemination techniques with no regard to the site of ovulation in non-breeding season. In June and July, 2009, estrus was synchronized by Eazi-Breed $CIDR^{(R)}$ (Controlled internal drug release; Pfizer Animal Health, New Zealand) insertion for 16 days and PG 600 (PMSG 400IU, hCG 200 IU; Intervet, Netherlands) injection (IM) a day before removing $CIDR^{(R)}$. Forty eight hours later, laparoscopic or transcervical insemination was done to each of two tahrs under anesthetic condition inducted by ketamine (1.5 mg/kg) and medetomidine (0.09 mg/kg). For examination of estradiol and progesterone, blood was collected right before $CIDR^{(R)}$ insertion, PG 600 injection, $CIDR^{(R)}$ removal and insemination. Estradiol levels of four tahrs (No. 1, 2, 3, 4) before $CIDR^{(R)}$ insertion and insemination were 13.3, 8.8, 14.3, 12 pg/ml and 23.5, 25.5, 21.1, 11.5 pg/ml, respectively. Progesterone levels of four tahrs (No. 1, 2, 3, 4) before $CIDR^{(R)}$ insertion and insemination were 1.8, 0.05, 0.63, 0.61 ng/ml and 1.03, 0.37, 1.48, 2.12 ng/ml. Except for No. 4 tahr, cervices showed cervical mucus and opened enough to penetrate with embryo transfer gun sheet usually used for cows. Therefore, No.4 was laparoscopically inseminated together with No. 1. In conclusion, none of four Himalayan tahrs was pregnant. However, we proved that estrus could be induced by CIDR and PG 600 injection in non-breeding season, and laparoscopic or transcervical insemination with frozen-thawed semen could be one of assisted reproductive techniques in Himalayan Tahr.

• 환경생물
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2016

해산로티퍼 (Brachionus plicatilis)의 생존율 및 개체군 성장률을 사용하여 중금속 As, Cr 및 Pb에 대한 독성평가를 수행하였다. 중금속에 24시간 노출한 생존율은 As와 Cr의 30과 $150mg\;L^{-1}$ 농도에서 급격한 감소가 시작되어 농도의존적으로 감소하였으나, Pb에서는 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 중금 속에 72시간 노출한 개체군 성장률은 As, Cr 및 Pb의 5, 25 및 $50mg\;L^{-1}$ 농도에서 급격한 감소가 시작되어, 3종 중금속에서 모두 농도의존적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. As, Cr 및 Pb에 노출된 개체군 성장률의 $EC_{50}$ 값은 각각 12.98, 82.34 및 $110.14mg\;L^{-1}$이고 독성의 세기는 As>Cr>Pb로 생존율과 동일하였다. 또한 As, Cr 및 Pb에 대한 개체군 성장률의 NOEC는 각각 1, 12.5 및 $50mg\;L^{-1}$, LOEC는 각각 5, 25 및 $50mg\;L^{-1}$로 나타났다. 해양환경에서 각각의 LOEC 이상의 농도는 B. plicatilis에게 독성영향을 미칠 수 있는 농도로 판단되며, NOEC와 $EC_{50}$ 값은 WET test를 위한 혼합독성과 해양생태계 내 중금속독성에 대한 가이드라인으로 적절하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.609-617
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• 2017

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal and aggressive cancers in the world. However, no effective treatment is currently available for pancreatic cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the anti-pancreatic cancer effect of ${\alpha}$-mangostin (${\alpha}M$) and ${\gamma}$-mangostin (${\gamma}M$) extracted from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana L.. Both ${\alpha}$M and ${\gamma}M$ reduced the viability of pancreatic cancer cells MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 in a dose-dependent manner. These compounds induced apoptosis by increasing c-PARP and c-Caspase 3 levels. They also induced autophagy by increasing levels of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3II) in both cell lines while decreasing sequestosome 1 (p62) in MIA PaCa-2. Both ${\alpha}$M and ${\gamma}M$ induced autophagy through increasing phosphorylation levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) and p38-mitogen activated protein kinase (p-p38) while decreasing phosphorylation level of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (p-mTOR). Of various microRNAs (miRNA), miR-18a was found to be a putative regulatory miRNA for autophagy induced by ${\alpha}$M or ${\gamma}M$. In combination with gemcitabine, a compound frequently used in pancreatic cancer treatment, ${\alpha}$M and ${\gamma}M$ showed synergistic anti-cancer effects in MIA PaCa-2. Collectively, these results suggest that ${\alpha}$M and ${\gamma}M$ can induce apoptosis and autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells and that their anti-cancer effect is likely to be associated with miR-18a. In conclusion, ${\alpha}$M and ${\gamma}M$ might be used as a potential new therapy for pancreatic cancer.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.140-147
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• 1999

It has been known for some time that elevated body iron could be a risk factor for coronary heart disease. The present study was conducted to determine body iron status and dietary iron intake of patients with myocardial infarction(MI). Seventy five patients from the Chunam area with their first MI history within he past 2 months were recruited. The serum iron concentration, total iron binding capacity(TIBC) and percent transferrin saturation(TS) were selected as indicators of body iron status. Twenty four hour recall was conducted by trained interviewers to asses the dietary intake. Most women (91.3%) showed waist to hip ratio(W/H) greater than 0.85 while 17.3% of men were assessed to have a tendency of abdominal obesity(W/H>0.95). The average BMI of women was 25.80 and that of men was 23.98. The average diet intake of participants was below the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) for most nutrients. He average dietary iron intake was 10.03 mg/day for all subjects while women's iron intake was significantly lower than men's. However, a great proportion of participants (77%) showed a tendency to have normal iron status. About 9% of the participants were assessed as iron deficient and 14% had an iron overload. The mean serum iron concentration was 125 g/dl ranging from 13.3 to 280.6 g/dl. Iron intake from animal sources were significantly associated with body iron status (r=0.257, p=0.026) when TIBC was used as an iron status indicator. When iron status was assessed with TS, it was directly associated with iron intake from animal sources(r=0.278, p=0.05) for he subjects in the normal iron status group. He results of the present study showed that the nutrient intake of Mi patients in Chunan was not quite adequate while iron status was mostly in the normal range. Further studies are needed to investigated whether there is a possible difference in iron metabolism of the MI patients.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.69-73
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• 2007

To establish the indoor-rearing system of the emma field cricket, Teleogryllus emma, the effects of temperature on development and reproduction of the emma cricket have been studied. The influence of temperature on developmental periods of emma field cricket was investigated under the eight temperatures of 15, 18, 21, 25, 27, 29, 31 and $35^{\circ}C$, under $60{\pm}5%$ R.H. and 16L:8D photoperiod. The developmental periods of T. emma nymphs had a range of 124.8 days to 44.4 days at the temperature of $21^{\circ}C$ and $35^{\circ}C$, respectively. At $15^{\circ}C$ and $18^{\circ}C$, however, all tested individuals died before emergence. The highest survival rate was 90% at $25^{\circ}C$, but there were no statistically significant differences among the temperatures. The adult weight increased with increasing temperatures although the weight at $35^{\circ}C$ was decreased. In addition, the influence of temperature on reproduction of emma field cricket was investigated under three temperatures $22^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C\;and\;28^{\circ}C$, under $60{\pm}5%$ R.H. and 16L:8D photoperiod. The longevity of female/male adults were 65.8/79.2 days, 68.5/67.8 days, 46.8/57.4 days at the temperature $22^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C\;and\;28^{\circ}C$, respectively. The preoviposition periods were 32.5 days at $22^{\circ}C,\;22.9^{\circ}C$ days at $25^{\circ}C$ and 22.1 days at $28^{\circ}C$. The highest average fecundity per female was 737.3 at $25^{\circ}C$.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.300-309
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• 2017

본 연구는 병원간호사를 대상으로 의료진 간 의사소통 능력과 이직의도 관계에서 자기효능감의 매개효과를 규명하기 위해 실시된 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구의 대상자는 일 지역 두 개 대학병원에 근무하는 간호사 208명이었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 23.0을 이용하여 분석하였으며 기술통계, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients correlation을 확인하였다. 또한 자기효능감의 매개효과를 확인하기 위해 Baron & Kenny의 3단계절차를 이용한 multiple regression으로 분석하여 Sobel test로 간접효과를 확인하였다. 연구결과 의사소통 능력과 이직의도 간에 부적상관(r=-.22, p=.001)이 있었으며, 의사소통 능력과 자기효능감 간에는 정적상관(r=.61, p<.001), 자기효능감과 이직의도 간에는 부적상관(r=-.25, <.001)이 있었다. 의사소통 능력과 이직의도의 관계에서 자기효능감의 매개효과는 1단계에서의 의사소통 능력이 이직의도에 미치는 영향은 유의하였지만(${\beta}=-0.22$, p<.001), 3단계에서의 의사소통 능력은 이직의도에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않아(${\beta}=-0.11$, p=.194) 의사소통 능력과 이직의도의 관계에서 자기효능감이 유의하게 완전 매개함을 확인하였다(z=-2.15, p=.032). 따라서 본 연구결과 의사소통 능력을 향상시켜 자기효능감을 높여주는 것이 병원 간호사의 이직의도를 줄이는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social support and loneliness in elderly women living alone. Method: Between 1 October 2008 and 30 April 2009, a random sampling method was conducted to recruit 112 elderly women who were living alone. The subjects were at least 65 years of age. Data was collected using the social support questionnaire, and the translated Korean Version of the Revised University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (R-UCLA Loneliness Scale). Results: In our study, the sources of social support were the children, neighbours, brothers and sisters, in this order. We found that the loneliness of the subjects was related to age, the number of children, and financial difficulty. The level of loneliness negatively correlated with the social support provided by children, brothers and sisters, other relatives, and neighbours. Also, there was a negative correlation with the social support satisfaction. The social support satisfaction and the social support offered by neighbours and relatives were the significant predictors of loneliness. Conclusion: The sources of social support, such as neighbours and relatives, and the social support satisfaction should be considered when planning intervention by nurses or social workers to decrease the level of loneliness in elderly women living alone.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.150-154
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• 1990

The structures of $Tl_{12-2x}Zn_x-A$ (x = 4.3 and 3.25), vacuum dehydrated zeolite A with all $Na^+$ ions replaced by $Tl^+$ and $Zn^{2+}$ as indicated, have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques in cubic space group Pm3m at 21(1) $^{\circ}C$ (a=12.100(2) ${\AA}$ for $Tl_{3.4}Zn_{4.3}-A$ and a=12.092(2) ${\AA}$ for $Tl_{5.5}Zn_{3.25}-A$). The crystals of $Tl_{3.4}Zn_{4.3}-A$ and $Tl_{5.5}Zn_{3.25}-A$ were prepared by flow method using exchange solutions in which mole ratios of $TlNO_3$,/TEX> and $Zn(NO_3)_2$ were 1:50 and 1:1, respectively, with total concentration of 0.05 M. The structures of the dehydrated $Tl_{3.4}Zn_{4.3}-A$ and $Tl_{5.5}Zn_{3.25}-A$ were refined to yield the final error indices $R_1$ = 0.075 and $R_2$ = 0.075 with 236 reflections, and $R_1$ = 0.057 and $R_2$ = 0.064 with 202 reflections, respectively, for which I > 3$\sigma$(I). Both structures indicate that Zn(II) ions are coordinated by three framework oxygens: the Zn(II) to O(3) distances are 2.08(1) ${\AA}$ for $Tl_{3.4}Zn_{4.3}-A$ and 2.07(1) ${\AA}$ for $Tl_{5.5}Zn_{3.25}-A$, respectively. In each structure, the angle subtended at Zn(II), O(3)-Zn(II)-O(3) is 119.9(3)$^{\circ}$ for $Tl_{3.4}Zn_{4.3}-A$, and 120.0(3)$^{\circ}$ for $Tl_{5.5}Zn_{3.25}-A$, respectively, close to the idealized trigonal-planar value. Zn(II) ions prefer to 6-ring sites. $Tl^+$ ions do not have any preference to a particular site but occupy simultaneously both at the 6-ring sites and 8-ring sites.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2008

Objectives Obesity is not only a matter of accumulation of adipose tissue but also a projection of self-cognition. This study examined the association between low self-esteem and visceral obesity; visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and visceral adipose tissue /subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio (VSR). Methods This cross-sectional study was performed in pre-menopausal obese(BMI $\geq\;25\;kg/m^2$) women in Seoul, from 2007 to 2008 (n=54). Simple anthropometry including BMI and waist circumference and Computed Tomography (CT) including VAT and VSR were done. To measure self-esteem, Rosenberg self-esteem scale (SES) questionnaire was administered. Subjects were given written consent and this study was performed under the permission of institutional review board of Kyung-Hee East-west Neo Medical Center. Results There was a significant relationship self esteem (SES score) with visceral obesity (VAT and VSR). 1. SES was correlated with VAT (r=-0.377, p<0.01) and VSR (r= -0.400, p<0.01) significantly by Pearson Correlation. 2. VAT and VSR could be predicted from SES by Simple linear regression. VAT = -1.701 ${\times}$ (SES score) +161.191 ($R^2$=0.142) VSR = -1.09${\times}$$10^{-2}$ ${\times}$ (SES score) +0.858 ($R^2$=0.160) Conclusions This study proves that low self-esteem might contribute to visceral obesity in Korean pre-menopausal obese women. Self-esteem and psychological factor should be considered in treatment of visceral obesity in adult-women.