• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2018

Objective: This study aimed to create a strategic training method to enhance optimal athletic ability using information from 1H to 10H rhythmic units. Method: Top three world class athletes and three national winners of 110-m hurdle finals from the 2010 Daegu International Athletics Competition and 2017 National Athletics Championship, respectively, were selected. To analyze the kinematic variables, Dartfish 9.0 was used for two-dimensional analysis. Results: Regarding the interval time from the start to the finish line, the national athletes took less time during the pure acceleration phase (start to 1H) than the foreign athletes. The horizontal velocity increase was slower after 1H; the national athletes showed a lack of ability to accelerate at the interval phases. Moreover, the hurdle clearance time between phases was longer in the national athletes than in the foreign athletes and lacked consistency. Conclusion: The national athletes lacked the ability to accelerate at the transition, maximum rhythm, rhythm maintenance, and re-acceleration phases and showed a longer hurdle clearance time. If technical improvements and strategic training methods using rhythmic units are applied for hurdling motions, the national athlete's hurdling abilities, performance, and consistency could improve.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.343-350
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• 2003

Using Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_2$.$_2$Cu$_3$ $O_{x}$ powders prepared by solid state reaction and spray drying method, the nucleation and growth behaviors of superconducting and second phases were investigated during isothermal heat treatment. When the spray drying power was used in contrast with solid state reaction powder, Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_2$.$_2$Cu$_3$ $O_{x}$ (2223) phase could be formed at the relatively shot time and second phases were much bigger. Quantitative analysis showed that as the heat treatment time increased, more Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_2$.$_2$Cu$_3$ $O_{x}$ (2212) changed to 2223 and the major second phase was changed from (Sr,Ca)$_{14}$Cu$_{24}$ $O_{x}$(14:24) to (Sr,Ca)$_2$Cu$_1$ $O_{x}$ (2:l). The superconducting phase formed at the relatively short time 14:24 phase. Following the Bi-free phase of 14:24 Phase, but long time was needed in places far from the 14:24 phase. Following the formation of the 2212 phase near the 14:24 phase, the 2223 phase nucleated preferentially at the interface between the 2212 and 14:24 phases. The preferential nuclcation of 2223 was explained by its structural similarity and low Interfacial energy with both the Bi-free and 2212 Phases.12 Phases.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.409-417
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• 1999

A new method is proposed for the isolation of resonances from scattered waves for the isolaton of resonances from scattered waves for acoustic wave resonance scattering problems. The resonance scattering function consisting purely of resonance information is defined. Acoustic wave scattering from a variety of submerged bodies is numerically analyzed. The classical resonance scattering theory (RST) and the new method compute identical magnitudes of the resonances from each partial wave, however, the phases are significantly different. The exact $\pi$-radians phase shifts through the resonance and anti-resonance frequencies show that the proposed method properly extracts the vibrational resonance information of the scatterer. Due to the differences in phases of the resonances from each partial wave, the new method and RST generate different total resonance spectra.

• 대한방사선치료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.13-17
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• 2005

Introduction : For stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) of a tumor in the region whose movement due to respiration is significant, like Lung lower lobe, the gated therapy, which delivers radiation dose to the selected respiratory phases when tumor motion is small, was peformed using the Respiratory gating system and its clinical effectiveness was evaluated. Methode and Materials : For two SRS patients with a tumor in Lung lower lobe, a marker block (infrared reflector) was attached on the abdomen. While patient' respiratory cycle was monitored with Real-time Position Management (RPM, Varian, USA), 4D CT was performed (10 phases per a cycle). Phases in which tumor motion did not change rapidly were decided as treatment phases. The treatment volume was contoured on the CT images for selected treatment phases using maximum intensity projection (MIP) method. In order to verify setup reproducibility and positional variation, 4D CT was repeated. Result : Gross tumor volume (GTV) showed maximum movement in superior-inferior direction. For patient $\#$1, motion of GTV was reduced to 2.6 mm in treatment phases ($30\%\~60\%$), while that was 9.4 mm in full phases ($0\%\~90\%$) and for patient $\#$2, it was reduced to 2.3 mm in treatment phases ($30\%\~70\%$), while it was 11.7 mm in full phases ($0\%\~90\%$). When comparing two sets of CT images, setup errors in all the directions were within 3 mm. Conclusion : Since tumor motion was reduced less than 5 mm, the Respiratory gating system for SRS of Lung lower lobe is useful.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.91-100
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• 2001

Background and Objective : Most diagnostic method for numbness were invasive and complex. So we need to simplify and objectify diagnostic method for numbness. Some study with EAV which is one of Physiological Signal Measuring Instruments, report significantly result as objective diagnostic method for other clinical symptom. By using EAV, we have obtained some physiological signal data from meridian-acupoints of 58 numbness cases. Objective and Methods : This study researched into the clinical statistics for 58 case who ware in numbness, and they ware treated with oriental medical care at the Dong-shin university oriental hospital during 1 year from April 3 2000 to March 30 2001. The data were analyzed and interpreted to compare with traditional differentiation of symptom-complexes, then further evaluated as the Five Evolutive Phases to make them differentiated. The EAV valus of Five Evolutive Phases were identified with the sequence of wood(木), fire(火), earth(土), steel(金), water(水). Results and Conclusion : These values of physiological signal were identical with standard differentiation of symptom-complexes of numbness which is the main cause of dishannonious flow of Qi and blood of the in the liver and deficiency of Qi and blood of the bladder with stagnancy of dampness. Among Five Evolutive Phases, Earth and wood values were increased, steel, fire and water were decreased significantly. This data imply the possibility of somewhat generalization from measuring instruments.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.1145-1147
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• 2004

This paper proposed a new control method for single-phase hybrid active power filter. The proposed algorithm can change single phase system into the orthogonal system which has two phases giving time-delay in regular single phas and making the imaginary second phase. It can make orthogonal system like as being used in $3{\phi}/2{\phi}$ transformation with two phases. It can do complex calculation which calculates intantaneous reactive power. Istead of existing method applying to intantaneous reactive power theory in fixed reference frame, this paper proposed the algorithm which has advantage over reducing harmonics using rotating reference frame. It verified the effectiveness the proposed method through simulation and experiment.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1117-1124
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• 2011

An integrated fault detection and isolation method is proposed in this paper. The main objective of this paper is development fault detection, isolation and diagnosis algorithm based on the DKF (Decentralized Kalman Filter) and the bank of IMM (Interacting Multiple Model) filters using penalty scalar for both partial and total faults and the outlier detection algorithm for preventing false alarm also included. The proposed FDI (Fault Detection and Isolation) scheme is developed in four phases. In the first phase, the outlier detection filter is designed to prevent false alarm as a pre-filter. In the second phases, two local filters and master filter are designed to detect sensor faults. In the third phases, the proposed FDI scheme checks sensor residual to isolate sensor faults and 11 EKFs actuator fault models are designed to detect wherever actuator faults occur. In the last phases, four filters are designed to identify the fault type which is either the total fault or partial fault. The developed scheme can deal with not only sensor and actuator faults, but also preventing false alarm. An important feature of the proposed FDI scheme can decreases fault isolation time and figure out not only fault detection and isolation but also fault type identification. To verify the proposed FDI algorithm performance, the Simulator is also developed under the Matlab/Simulink environment.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 1983

The purpose of this study was to observe and identify the phases of amalgam and to know the transformation of microstructure in the set amalgam by lapse of time. In this study, shofu spherical-D alloy was used. After trituration of amalgam alloy and mercury (Wig-L-Bug), it was filled in the stone dies. This specimens being polished and etched by usual method was observed under optical microscope using metallurgical microscope. And then X-ray diffractometer was used to analyze the phases contents and transformation of microstructure at $2{\frac{1}{2}}$ hours, 15 hours, 28 hours and 2 years after being amalgamated. The following results were obtained: 1. Shofu spherical-D alloy powder was composed of ${\gamma}$ phase, ${\epsilon}$phase and Ag-Cu eutectic phases. 2. ${\gamma}_2$ phases were appeared at $2{\theta}$ values ($32.0^{\circ}$ and $43.8^{\circ}$) in the amalgam which was analyzed at $2{\frac{1}{2}}$ hours and 15 hours after trituration with mercury. 3. In the amalgam at 28 hours, ${\gamma}_2$ phase was found at $2{\theta}$ value ($43.8^{\circ}$) at 35 hour, $r_2$ phase was appeared at $2{\theta}$ value $32.0^{\circ}$. 4. No ${\gamma}_2$ phases were observed in the 2 years old amalgam. But ${\eta}$ ($Cu_6Sn_5$) phases were found at $2{\eta}$ values $29.4^{\circ}$ and $42.4^{\circ}$.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.785-796
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• 1998

In this paper we propose a model of HIv population through method of phases with non-Markovian evolution of immi-gration. The analysis leads to an explicit differnetial equations for the generating functions of the total population size. The detection process of antibodies (against the antigen of virus) is analysed and an explicit expression for the correlation functions are provided. A measure of bunching is also introduced for some particular choice of parameters.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.633-637
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• 2005

The paper presents a multifactor modelling of construction processes. There are three phases of the proposed extended procedure. Tools for these phases from chronometric test to verifying of the assumed model are indicated. Apart from the classic verification activities the method of artificial neural networks has been successfully applied. The paper presents the usage of these tools to model the process of assembly of structural corrugated steel plate structures.