• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.5-23
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• 2011

Studies in social science are performed on the language of social actors. While a metaphor analysis focuses on the meaning of the language, a cognitive map analysis deals with its external relationships. If we can put together both analyses, it will be possible to investigate the internal meanings and external relationship of the language and image at the same time. In this paper, metaphor analysis and cognitive map approach is applied to find the image of local governments. This study shows how to link metaphor analysis to the cognitive map and the benefit of using both approaches together.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.13-25
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to show the analysis system and the expression which is applied to fashion illustration by three major components in visual sign, metaphor and metonymy. The results of this study were as follows : Firstly, metaphor in qualisign of syntactics was revealed as a color such as realistic description, a pattern such as clothing of figure. etc. Metonymy was revealed as a social and cultural background color, a concept pattern. etc. In sinsign of syntactics. metaphor was revealed as a human body, non-human body and metamorphosis human body and metonymy as a human body and non-human body. In legisign of syntactics, the metaphor by perspective was used for a fantasy of space. and the metonymy was revealed as a color perspective representation, etc. The degree of change of texture was revealed as a metaphor and metonymy of gradation. And conventional custom sign was almost revealed in metaphor. Secondly, semantics showed about fashion image as juxtaposition of two similar objects in metaphor and as real description and simplification in metonymy Alternative fashion image in semantics was presented as a object related to fashion image. Conventional symbolic sign was presented as a role to clarify a fashion message in metaphor. Thirdly, the metaphorical and metonymical expression in pragmatics were usually presented as drawing and painting.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.93-107
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• 2004

This study is concerned with proposing a new construct named "spatial metaphor" in the field of user interface design for web. Recently, web has been recognized as an important vehicle of delivering messages and information to customers. Since both hyperlink and multimedia technology are crucial part of web, its user interface requires a new approach to enhance user's acceptance of web. In this sense, we introduced a new concept named "spatial metaphor" instead of hierarchical menus. As a theoretical basis, Davis (1986)'s TAM(Technology Acceptance Model) was used to test the statistical validity of the proposed spatial metaphor. For test web site, we developed a prototype designed by using atomic-web system and spatial metaphor. By using the prototype, we built a web-based questionnaire system so that respondents can use it directly before answering the questionnaire. To prove its statistical validity, we collected valid questionnaires and tested with LISREL. In this way, statistical validity of our proposed approach was proven.approach was proven.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2003

In web environment, we accept most of useful information visually. Icon is a channel through which we explore information, and we need icon design to deliver information clearly and quickly to users who accept information visually. Studies on icon have been carried out vigorously according to system environment, styles and characteristics of users. This study is on the metaphor icon, and judging from the characteristics of metaphor icon, it is by the phenomena of user's association of ideas. Divide metaphor and simile and analyzed metaphor icon that is searched in World Wide Web to distinguish similarity in metaphor icon special qualify, And I clarified the present condition of cognition by questionnaires asking people if they recognize the function. I also clarified if elements of icon design influence the level of user's cognition by visually comparing icons. The result of comparative analysis showed that different elements make different level of user's cognition, and to objectify it more, I made up questionnaires about elements of icon design and proved it again. To summarize the result of this study, the similarity between function and elements of design increases the level of recognition of metaphor icon proportionally. To improve user's cognition, I suggest designing with elements which materialize functions.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.59-70
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• 2021

Compared with other philosophers and writers who were engaged in architecture Georges Bataille was extraordinary. Because he produced anti-architectural discourse. This paper studied the Bataille's thinking with relation to architecture that used as a fundamental and privileged metaphor. Philosophy regarded as the foundation of all academic discipline needed architecture in order to show its system was durable, synthetic and hierarchical. The will to build a solid system of reasoning made philosophy to call architecture to pretend that it is structurally stable. Metaphor and representation is inevitable in philosophy. Then architectural image that supported by discourse of philosophy became a representation of sociocultural system. According to Bataille architectural representation justified existing power and belief system. With architecture Identity always represented the true and good. This kind of architectonic thinking erased the Other that allowed metaphysics and symbolic Against architecture Bataille produced writings of violation and excess corresponding to labyrinth. Labyrinth in fact made a formal structure of architecture possible to be a metaphor of symbolic system. Bataille's anti-architectural thinking paradoxically shows the importance of Architecture and give a chance to rethink the ethical aspect of architecture instead of aesthetics.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.5
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• pp.265-289
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• 2003

This paper deals with the polysemous phenomenon of perception verbs in terms of metaphor and metonymy and suggest a model of cognitive semantic structure for them. English perception verbs are often used for representing a mental, cognitive activity as well as representing a physical, perceptive activity. This paper looks for a basis for the polysemous use in the creative system of metaphor and metonymy, especially in the meaning extension function of mind-as-body metaphor. English perception verbs show a good example of a metaphor of domain transfer from physical domain to mental or cognitive domain. This paper suggests the conceptual chain and the semantic structure for the perception verb to show the possibility of polysemy and contextual modulation.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 2008

Throughout the history of computer use, the interface metaphor has been employed to make computers easier for humans to use. Even the earliest command line interfaces used metaphor. Metaphors in user interfaces help to make the software accessible to users and allow the users to communicate with the system as well. User interface guidelines for most of the popular operating systems encourage the use of metaphors in interface design. Thus, metaphor in interface design is employed as central element with a long history. Therefore, this paper will suggest substantiating guidelines which are based on conceptual model and Gestaltprinciples for successful metaphor construction with a better user interface.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.8
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• pp.409-427
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• 2006

This paper deals with the various conceptual metaphors of 'mind' in Korean and English within the Cognitive Semantics. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the metaphorical expressions of the concept 'mind' represented andunderstood in various ways in Korean and English, to find out the linguistically-universal conceptual metaphors underlying the uses of the metaphoric expressions. In addition, this paper discusses the differences in linguistic realization of the concept 'mind' between Korean and English from the socio-cultural background. In the traditional view, metaphor was thought only as the linguistic matters and a deviance from literal or normal use. However, within the Cognitive Linguistic view such as Lakoff and Johnson(1980), metaphor has been considered as a means of understanding and conceptualizing world. According to them, metaphor is found in everyday life because it is not only as a matter of language but also as a nature of human conceptual system controlling cognition, thought and behavior. Conceptual metaphor is suggested as a device to understood abstract and less familiar things through concrete and more familiar things. Conceptual metaphors may be realized linguistically as well as non-linguistically, in the form of movies, arts or behavior. To define the concept 'mind' shared among the Koreans, conceptual metaphors used to represent 'maum(mind)'in Korean are examined. Then they are compared with the ones used to represent 'mind' in English. This is based on the idea that conceptual metaphors represented in linguistic expressions naturally reflect the speakers' concept and conceptualization is a universal irrespective of language. This paper exemplifies the Korean sentences as well as English sentences to utilize some conceptual metaphor such as Johnson(1987)'s THE MIND IS THE BODY and shows many other conceptual metaphors used in Korean and English to represent the same concept 'mind'. What are some metaphors shared by two languages and what is specific to one of them will be shown, too. This paper also suggests that the different conceptualization or lexicalization is partly due to the effect of the oriental cultural background that is more interested in the mental world than the physical world.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.77-88
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• 2022

Architecture had played a significant role model in philosophy because the construction of building represented doing philosophy. 'Architecture as metaphor' made it possible that doing philosophy was a kind of construction of thinking and western philosopher considered himself as an architect of idea. As a system of system, architectural analogy gave philosophy a chance to insist himself as a theory of theory. So architecture had always been a privileged model of discourse system and also a fundamental metaphor in philosophy. Because of its original meaning, Architecture as techne could be considered as poiesis, that was the special building(making) in western culture. The archi(arche) - structure(techne) was a ideal model and mechanism of philosophy because with this analogy doing philosophy became a kind of building act to make a logical system of idea. This kind of tradition in philosophy, especially metaphysics, made the characteristics of western philosophy 'architectonic' that implied the meaning of the rational, stable, hierarchical and holistic. But this kind of tradition exposed the problem of philosophy that focused on Identity and excluded the others. The logocentrism of western philosophy was also the limitation of architectonic thinking and its reductionism became a grand monologue which only allowed systematic, rational discourse. Its ideological position Inevitably caused the anti-architectural thinking in modern age as a diverse form of new trend of thinking as like postmodernism or deconstruction. Even Deconstructivism, or 'informe', non-representation in architecture depends upon anti-architectural thinking. Relationship between architecture as metaphor and the building of philosophy is problematique issue.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.57-67
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• 2009

This study proposed a practical metaphor development process that consisted of three steps: 1) identifying major functions, 2) developing metaphor candidates, and 3) evaluating appropriateness of the candidates. In the first step, a total of 27 functions might be implemented in a driver information system (DIS) in the near future. Then, three metaphor candidates were selected from existing metaphors, which were reported to be more practical than others by previous studies. Finally, the candidates were evaluated on their appropriateness for driver information systems by using a quick and simple survey. As a result, two metaphors (a PC and a secretary) were identified as the most appropriate ones. The two metaphors can be used to design a variety of interfaces and interactions for driver information systems. In addition, the development process proposed in this study could be applied to developing metaphors for emerging devices with a variety of functions (e.g. PMPs, MP3s, and electronic dictionaries) as well as driver information systems.