• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 1995

The removal of heavy metals from synthetic wastewater containing Pb, Cr, Cd using previously washed and dried exhausted coffee was studied varying cohcentration, pH and temperature. All the heavy metals were removed in 3.0 minutes and the removal efficiency was maximum 80~90% with different pH and temperature conditions. The differences in removal efficiency between exhausted coffee and activated carbon under the same conditions were not seen. The removal efficiency was slightly increased with increasing pH in Cd and increasing temperature in Cr, respectively. The batch adsorption kinetics and adsorption equilibrium were examined and described by a first order reversible reaction and Freundlich isotherm, respectively. And the removal of Pb was found to have the best removal efficiency.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2017

Isosteric heat of hydrogen adsorption is one of the most important parameters required to describe solid-state hydrogen storage systems. Typically, it is calculated from adsorption isotherms measured at 77K (liquid N2) and 87K (liquid Ar). This simple calculation, however, results in a high degree of uncertainty due to the small temperature range. Therefore, the original Sievert type setup is upgraded using a heating and cooling device to regulate the wide sample temperature. This upgraded setup allows a wide temperature range for isotherms (77K ~ 117K) providing a minimized uncertainty (error) of measurement for adsorption enthalpy calculation and yielding reliable results. To this end, we measure the isosteric heats of hydrogen adsorption of two prototypical samples: activated carbon and metal-organic frameworks (e.g. MIL-53), and compared the small temperature range (77~87K) to the wide one (77K ~ 117K).

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2011년도 추계학술논문집 1부
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• pp.286-288
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• 2011

활성탄소섬유의 유해 미생물의 번식 억제력을 조사하기 위해 한천베지배양법을 이용하였다. 전이금속으로 코팅된 활성탄소섬유는 일부 유해 미생물에서 번식억제력이 나타났으며, 유해 미생물은 인간의 피부 부종을 야기시키는 미생물인 candida albicans이었다. 그리고 코팅 활성탄소섬유의 흡 탈착력은 코팅되지 않은 활성탄소섬유보다 약 5% 내외로 감소함을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.569-581
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• 1990

DMF 용매에서 산소 첨가된 네자리 Schiff base cobalt(III)의 균일 촉매에 의하여 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol의 산화 주생성물인 2,6-ditert-butylbenzoquinone (BQ)일 때에는 O$_2$/Co몰 결합비가 1:1인 superoxo cobalt(III) 착물 곧 [Co(III)(Schiff base)(L)]$O_2$ (Schiff base; SED, SOPD and o-BSDT, L; DMF and Py)들의 활성촉매에 의하여 생긴다. 또, 산화생성물인 3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyldiphenoquinone (DPQ)은 $O_2$/Co의 몰비가 1:2인 $\mu$-peroxo cobalt(III) 착물인 [Co(III)(SND)(L)]$_2$O$_2$ (L; DMF 및 Py)의 활성촉매에 의하여 생성된다. 이들 균일 활성촉매인 superoxo 및 $\mu$-peroxo cobalt(III) 착물들의 확인은 DMF나 DMSO 용매에서는 어렵다. 그러나 pyridine 용매에서는 산소흡착에 의한 PVT 법과 0.1 M TEAP의 지지전해질과 유리질 탄소전극을 사용한 순환 전압전류법으로 1:1 oxygen adduct인 superoxo 착물들은 $O_2$-의 prewave가 없는 3단계 환원과정으로만 일어나는 것으로 확인할 수 있었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.1423-1428
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• 2006

In this study, we have prepared pitch binded AC (activated carbon)/$AC/TiO_2$ composites photocatalysts through carbon tetrachloride solvent method. The developed samples were characterized with surface properties, structural crystallinity between AC and $AC/TiO_2$, elemental identification and photocatalytic activity. The results of the textural surface properties demonstrate that there are slight increases in the BET surface area and adsorbed volume from adsorption isotherm of composite samples with increasing of the amount of AC. The SEM results present to the characterization of porous texture on the pitch/AC/$AC/TiO_2$ composites and homogenous compositions in the particle for all the materials used. From XRD data, a weak and broad carbon peak of graphene remained rutile peaks kept with anatase structure were observed in the X-ray diffraction patterns for the pitch/AC/$AC/TiO_2$ composites. The EDX spectra show the presence of C, O and S with strong Ti peaks. Most of these samples are richer in carbon and major Ti metal than any other elements. Finally, the excellent photocatalytic activity of the pitch/AC/$AC/TiO_2$ composites between relative concentration ($c/c_o$) of MB and UV irradiation time could be attributed to the both effects between photocatalysis of the supported $AC/TiO_2$ and adsorptivity of the two kinds of carbons.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.120-125
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• 2001

흡착재료에는 hydroxyapatite(HAp), zeolite,, 분자체탄소, 활성탄, 알루미나등의 재료가 많이 사용되고 있다. 이들 흡착재료 중에서 금속이온과 양이온 교환반응이 좋은 HAp, zeolite는 폐수처리과정에서 많이 사용되고 있지만, 피러나 이 폐수처리과정에서 문제되는 것은 유해한 중금속뿐만 아니라 많은 세균들이 이 폐수에 존재하고 있어 수질오염 등의 여러 가지 문제를 야기 시키고 있다. 본 연구는 여러 중금속 흡착재료 중에서 HAp, zeolite에 항균효과가 있다고 알려진 금속이온 (Ag$^{+}$, Cu$^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$)들을 이온 치환시켜 항균성을 흡착재료에 부여하고자 한다. HAp, zeolite에 Ag$^{+}$, Cu$^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$의 금속이온들을 치환시킨 후, E. Coli로 항균효과를 측정하였다. HAp, zeolite와 여러 금속이온 치환후의 항균효과를 측정한 결과, Ag$^{+}$ 로 이온치환 시킨 HAp, zeolite에서는 1$\times$$10^{-2}$cell/ml 농도의 E. Coli에서 24시간가지 완벽한 항균효과를 보였고, Cu$^{2+}$와 $Zn^{2+}$으로 이온치환 시킨 경우에서는 좋은 항균효과를 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 Feng. et. al.이 발표한 바와 같이1) Ag ion이 cell내부의 DNA에 영향을 기척, 복제능력을 떨어뜨리고 Cell을 비활성화 시키기 때문이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.584-591
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• 2017

수중에서 중금속은 흡착제에 의한 표면흡착과 금속수산화물로의 침전/제거반응이 동시에 일어나기 때문에 이들 각각에 의한 중금속 제거기작은 명확하게 구분되어 설명되지 못한다. 본 연구에서는 중금속 제거기작을 보다 명확하게 이해하기 위해 $850^{\circ}C$로 소성된 황토를 이용하여 다양한 pH 조건에서 Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, 그리고 Cr 수용액 각각을 대상으로 회분식실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과 Cr을 제외한 중금속 농도는 반응초기에(<5분) 급격하게 감소되어 초기농도 대비 약 90%가 제거되었다. 한편, pH는 대상 금속 수용액에 따라 정도의 차이를 보이긴 하나 전체적으로 반응시간에 따라 지속적으로 증가되어 7.0-9.0까지 증가되었다. 반응시간에 따라 증가되는 pH 값과 높은 pH 조건에서 상대적으로 높은 중금속 제거율은 금속수산화물의 침전과 관련 있어 보인다. 흡착제(상용활성탄, 비소성황토, 소성황토)별 반응시간에 따른 pH 변화에 대한 비교실험결과, pH 증가현상은 소성황토에서만 두드러지게 나타나 소성과정에서 황토의 물성특성이 변화되었던 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 소성황토에 의한 중금속 제거는 흡착제에 의한 단순흡착뿐 아니라, 높은 pH 조건에서 금속수산화물을 형성함으로써 흡착질 표면에 침전 제어 될 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.403-412
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• 2004

Waste water-soluble cutting oil was treated with WI type #1 and WI type #2. The properties of the original water-soluble cutting oil were pH=l0.4, viscosity=1.4cP, CODcr=44,750 ppm, and TOC=10,569 ppm. However, the properties of the oil used for more than 3 months were changed to pH=7.82, viscosity=2.1cP, CODcr=151,000 ppm, and TOC=74,556 ppm. It might be attributed to the fact that molecular chains were cut due to thermal oxidation and impurities such as metal chips were incorporated in to the oil during the operation processes. To prevent the putrefaction of oil, the sterilization effect of ozone and UV on the microorganism in the oil was investigated. Ozone treatment showed that 99.99% of the microorganism was annihilated with 30 minutes contact time and 60 minutes were necessary for the same effect when UV was used. Ozone treatment could cut molecular chains of the oil due to strong sterilization power, which was evidenced by the increase of TOC from 25,132 ppm at instantaneous contact to 28,888 ppm at 30 minutes contact time. However, UV treatment didn't show severe changes in TOC values and thus, seemed to cause of severe cut of molecular chains. When the activated carbon was used to treat the waste water-soluble cutting oil, TOC decreased to 25,417 ppm with 0.lg carbon and to 15,946 ppm with 5.0g carbon. This results indicated that the waste oil of small molecular chains could be eliminated by adsorption. From the results, it could be concluded that these treatment techniques could be proposed to remove the waste oil of small molecular chains resulting in the degradation of the oil properties. In addition, these experimental results could be used for the correlation with future works such as investigation of the molecular distribution according to the sizes, lengths, and molecular weight of the chains.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2012

In this study, the adsorption of $Cu^{2+}$ and $Cd^{2+}$ from aqueous solution on the biochar derived from used coffee grounds at different pyrolysis temperatures has been investigated as a potential low-cost treatment method for heavy metal-containing waters. Three biochar samples prepared by heating coffee sludge at temperature of $300^{\circ}C$ (B300), $500^{\circ}C$ (B500), and $700^{\circ}C$ (B700) were tested for the adsorption capacity and kinetics of Cd and Cu. Also the influencing factor of heavy metal removal by ion exchange in terms of cation exchange capacity (CEC) of each biochar was measured. Adsorption of Ca and Cu by biochar produced at higher pyrolysis temperature showed higher adsorption capacity but the optimal pyrolysis temperature based on performance and economy was known as $500^{\circ}C$. Sorption of Cu and Cd by biochar followed a Langmuir model at pH 6~6.5, attributing mainly to surface sorption. The biochar was more effective in Cu and Cd sorption than activated carbon (AC), with BC 500 being the most effective, which indicates that sorption of Cd and Cu by coffee sludge biochar is partly influenced by chemical sorption on surface functional group as well as physical sorption.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.753-762
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• 2018

The present study set out to investigate the adsorption of Cd(II) ions in an aqueous solution by using Peanut Husk Biochar (PHB). An FT-IR analysis revealed that the PHB contained carboxylic and carbonyl groups, O-H carboxylic acids, and bonded-OH groups, such that it could easily adsorb heavy metals. The adsorption of Cd(II) using PHB proved to be a better fit to the Langmuir isotherm than to the Freundlich isotherm. The maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity was 33.89 mg/g for Cd(II). The negative value of ${\Delta}G^o$ confirm that the process whereby Cd(II) is adsorbed onto PHB is feasible and spontaneous in nature. In addition, the value of ${\Delta}G^o$ increase with the temperature, suggesting that a lower temperature is more favorable to the adsorption process. The negative value of ${\Delta}H^o$ indicates that the adsorption phenomenon is exothermic while the negative value of ${\Delta}S^o$ suggests that the process is enthalpy-driven. As an alternative to commercial activated carbon, PHB could be used as a low-cost and environmentally friendly adsorbent for removing Cd(II) from aqueous solutions.