• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2012

Vinca alkaloids produced from Catharanthus roseus are one of the most important natural product drugs in treatments of human cancers. These anticancer drugs are derived from coupling of the two monomeric indole alkaloids, catharanthine and vindoline. In order to investigate vindoline biosynthesis, tabersonine-$CD_3$ 1a is synthesized to use as a deuterium labeled precursor, which is distinguished clearly from the natural counterpart. We show that these deuterium labeled tabersonine 1a are successfully incorporated into the vindoline biosynthetic pathway to yield three deuterated vindoline intermediates. 16-Hydroxytabersonine-$CD_3$ (m/z 356) 2a, 16-Methoxytabersonine-$CD_3$ (m/z 370) 3a, 16-Methoxy-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxytabersonine-$CD_3$ (m/z 388) 4a are produced from the cell suspension culture measured by UPLC/MS at 5 and 13 days after feeding tabersonine. The conversion rates from 1a to 2a and 2a to 3a are fast, whereas that from 3a to 4a is much slower. This indicates that the rate determining step among the first three vindoline biosynthesis is the last step. As a result of the slow conversion rate from 3a to 4a, the accumulation level of 16-Methoxytabersonine-$CD_3$ 3a is significantly increased up to 13 days. The accumulation ratio among 2a, 3a and 4a is 1, 2 and 0.1 at 5 days. However, the peaks of desacetoxyvindoline-$CD_3$ 5a, deacetylvindoline-$CD_3$ 6a and vindoline-$CD_3$ 7a are not found from the cell extracts even after 13 days of incubation which may indicate no presence of their corresponding enzymes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.554-562
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• 2007

Ceramide rich intercellular lipid lamellae are thought to be particularly important in maintaining the structural integrity of epidermal barrier. Ceramide is synthesized de novo by serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) phospholipid intermediates, serine and palmitic acid persist within the stratum corneum. The ceramide which is synthesized is degraded with fatty acid and sphingosine by degradative enzyme ceramidase. The depletion of ceramide in stratum corneum was reported in the atopic dermatitis. As an effort to search for the dietary source for improving the level of ceramide in epidermis, the dietary effects of various-typed silk protein were compared. Seventy male NC/Nga mice, an animal model of atopic dermatitis, were divided into seven groups: group CA as an atopic control with control diet, group S: 1% crude sericin diet, group F: 1% crude fibroin diet, group PS : peptide pattern of sericin(Mw 5000), group PF: peptide pattern of fibroin (Mw 1500), group AS: manufactured the same as amino acid profile of sericin and group AF: manufactured the same as amino acid profile of fibroin. Ten male BALB/c mice were served as group C (control group) control diet. All mice were fed on diet and water ad libitum for 10 weeks. Dry skin condition was established in group CA as ceramide content was decreased. Despite a marked decrease of mRNA and prorein expression of SPT, enzyme do novo synthesis, ceramide content of group S was dramatically increased by inhibiting the mRNA and protein expression of degradative enzyme ceramidase. However, dietary supplementation of crude silk fibroin protein (group F) and in other groups that were supplemented with either amino acid or peptide type of sericin or fibroin did not increase the level of ceramide. Together, our data demonstrate that dietary supplementation of crude sericin is more effective at improving ceramide level in epidemis of NC/Nga mice.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2007

Saengshik which is food not to apply heat is expected to have good effect on the body because metabolic enzymes are preserved in it. In fact, despite of enlargement of saengshik market, the researches on the effect of saengshik are insufficient. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of saengshik against $CCl_4-inducing$ hepatotoxicity in ICR mice. As the result of serum biochemical parameters, AST (SGOT) and ALT (SGPT) were significantly decreased at the experimental group treated with saengshik and $CCl_4$ as compared with experimental group 1 treated with $CCl_4$ only (p<0.01). ALP was significantly higher at experimental group 2 compared with control and experimental group 1 (p<0.01). In histological study, experimental group 1 treated with $CCl_4$ only showed severe necrosis all over the liver at the gross observation, and showed severe perivenular necrosis and individual hepatocytic degeneration. However experimental group 2 was not nearly different from control group in appearance and showed mild perivenular necrosis and dominant sever neutrophil infiltration surrounding central veins. The result of this study showed the protective effect against $CCl_4-inducing$ hepatotoxicity and suggest the possibility of the functional health food. However, further studies about the effect of saengshik may be needed.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.318-325
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• 2017

Alcoholic steatosis is a fundamental metabolic disorder and may precede the onset of more severe forms of alcoholic liver disease. In this study, we isolated enzymatichydrolysate from Semisulcospira libertine by alcalase hydrolysis and investigated the protective effect of Semisulcospira libertine hydrolysate on liver injury induced by alcohol in the mouse model of chronic and binge ethanol feeding (NIAAA). In an in vitro study, the hydrolysate protects HepG2 cells from ethanol toxicity. Liver damage was assessed by histopathological examination, as well as by quantitating activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). After the administration of S. libertina hydrolysate, fat accumulation and infiltration of inflammatory cells in liver tissues were significantly decreased in the NIAAA mouse model. The elevated levels of serum AST, ALT, and ALP activities, along with the lipid contents of a damaged liver, were recovered in experimental mice administrated with S. libertina hydrolysate, suggesting its role in blood enzyme activation and lipid content restoration within damaged liver tissues. Moreover, treatment with S. libertine hydrolysate reduced the expression rate of cyclooxygenase (COX-2), interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$, and IL-6, which accelerate inflammation and induces tissue damage. All data showed that S. libertine hydrolysate has a preventive role against alcohol-induced liver damages by improving the activities of blood enzymes and modulating the expression of inflammation factor, suggesting S. libertine hydrolysate could be a commercially potential material for the restoration of hepatotoxicity.