• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2012

Objectives: The objective of the study was to examine the clustering patterns and correlates of multiple health behaviors (MHBs) in middle-aged Koreans with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: Data on sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, health behaviors (vegetable intake, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption), and psychological characteristics were collected by a self-reported survey and medical examination from 331 individuals with MetS. Clustering of MHBs was examined by measuring 1) the ratios of observed and expected prevalence of MHBs, and 2) the prevalence odds ratios. A binomial logistic regression were conducted. Results: Men were more likely than women to engage in multiple unhealthy behaviors. Clustering of smoking and heavy drinking was exhibited in the participants. Women with high vegetable intake were more likely to be physically inactive, and those with inadequate vegetable intake were more likely to be physically active. Those with lower self-regulation were more likely to engage in unhealthy behaviors. Conclusions: The findings support the multiple health behavior approach as opposed to the individual health behavior approach. Emphasis of self-regulation is necessary in developing multiple behavior intervention for individuals with MetS.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한핵의학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 및 총회
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• pp.394.2-394.2
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• 2004

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.476-483
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• 2016

심장외막지방(epicardial adipose tissue, EAT)은 여러 호르몬을 분비하는 대사활성 내분비 기관으로 지방의 두께증가는 심혈관질환이나 대사질환의 위험인자이다. 본 연구는 초음파를 이용하여 대상군의 심장외막 지방두께와 복부피하지방두께를 측정한 후 일반적 특성 및 혈액학적 특성과의 상관관계를 분석하고 대사질환의 예측을 위한 지방두께를 제시하고자 하였다. 연구 결과 대상자의 심장외막지방두께의 평균은 각 단면도에서 각각 8.890mm, 4.783mm, 4.777mm, 6.147mm로 측정되었다. 각 단면에서 심장외막지방두께평균과 위험인자와의 상관관계에서는 나이, BMI, 수축기혈압, LDH, LDL, TC가 양의 상관관계(p<0.05)를 나타냈다. 특히 대사질환의 위험인자를 가지고 있는 대상자가 위험인자를 가지고 있지 않은 대상자에 비하여 심장외막지방두께 및 복부피하지방의 두께가 유의(p<0.05)하게 높게 나타났다. EAT1에서 측정한 심장외막지방 두께 8.950 mm에서 대사질환의 위험을 예측할 수 있는 민감도 66.7 %, 특이도 80 %를 보여 가장 신뢰성 있는 cut off value를 나타냈다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.11-25
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• 2023

In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), chromosome 4 open-reading frame 47 (C4orf47) has not been so far investigated for its prognostic value or association with infiltrating immune cells. We performed bioinformatics analysis on HCC data and analyzed the data using online databases such as TIMER, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier plotter, LinkedOmics, and GEPIA2. We found that C4orf47 expression in HCC was higher compared to normal tissues. High C4orf47 expression was associated with a worse prognosis in HCC. The correlation between C4orf47 and infiltrating immune cells is positively associated with CD4+T cells, B cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells in HCC. Moreover, high C4orf47 expression was correlated with a poor prognosis of infiltrating immune cells. Analysis of C4orf47 gene co-expression networks revealed that 12501 genes were positively correlated with C4orf47, whereas 7200 genes were negatively correlated. The positively related genes of C4orf47 are associated with a high hazard ratio in different types of cancer, including HCC. Regarding the biological functions of C4orf47 gene, it mainly regulates RNA metabolic process, DNA replication, and cell cycle. The C4orf47 gene may play a prognostic role by regulating the global transcriptome process in HCC. Our findings demonstrate that high C4orf47 expression correlates with poor prognosis and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in HCC. We suggest that C4orf47 is a novel prognostic biomarker and potential immune therapeutic target for HCC.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.280-290
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• 2007

목적: 성격기질의 성차는 생물학적 기초를 가지고 있는 것으로 여겨진다. 성격기질의 성차를 신경생물학적 방법론을 통해 규명하기 위해, 국소 뇌포도당대사와 남성과 여성각각의 성격기질요인과의 상관을 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법 36명의 오른손잡이 대상자들이 자원하여 참가하였다(남성 18명, 평균연령, 33.8 17.6세 ; 여성 18명, 평균연령, 36.2 20.4세). 모든 참가자들로부터 안정상태의 FDG PET 이미지를 획득하여 분석에 활용하였다. FDG PET 스캔이 이루어진 후 10일 이내 Cloninger의 240문항 성격기질검사를 이용해 새로움추구(NS), 위험회피(HA) 및 보상의존(RD) 기질점수를 평가하였다. 각각의 성격기질요인점수와 국소뇌포도당대사의 상관을 SPM2를 이용해 분석했다. 결과: 남성에 있어 새로움추구 요인점수와 포도당대사 간 유의미한 부적상관이 관찰된 영역은 양쪽 상측두회, 해마 및 도회이었던 반면, 여성에서는 양쪽 중전두회, 오른쪽 상관자회 및 왼쪽 전대상회와 피각이었다. 위험회피 요인점수와 포도당대사 간 유의미한 정적상관이 관찰된 영역은 남성에 있어 오른쪽 흑질과 왼쪽 대상회였던 반면, 여성에서는 양쪽 기저핵군의 영역이었다. 마지막으로 남성에게서는 포도당대사와 보상의존 기질요인과의 부적상관이 오른쪽 중전두회 및 왼쪽 중측두회에서 관찰된 반면 여성에서는 양쪽 중전두회와 오른쪽 기저핵 영역 및 상측두회가 관찰되었다. 결론: 이 연구는 남성과 여성의 성격기질에 관여하는 뇌의 신경학적 기초가 다르며 이는 기억시스템은 물론 동기화 시스템을 포함한 뇌의 다양한 신경회로기능과 관련되어 있음을 보여주었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 성격의 기질적 측면에 있어서의 성차는 물론이고 성별에 따른 정신과적 질환의 유병 정도 차이를 이해하는 중요한 생물학적 기초를 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제56권11호
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• pp.600-605
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• 2023

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a bile duct cancer and a rare malignant tumor with a poor prognosis owing to the lack of an early diagnosis and resistance to conventional chemotherapy. A combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin is the typically attempted first-line treatment approach. However, the underlying mechanism of resistance to chemotherapy is poorly understood. We addressed this by studying dynamics in the human ICC SCK cell line. Here, we report that the regulation of glucose and glutamine metabolism was a key factor in overcoming cisplatin resistance in SCK cells. RNA sequencing analysis revealed a high enrichment cell cycle-related gene set score in cisplatin-resistant SCK (SCK-R) cells compared to parental SCK (SCK WT) cells. Cell cycle progression correlates with increased nutrient requirement and cancer proliferation or metastasis. Commonly, cancer cells are dependent upon glucose and glutamine availability for survival and proliferation. Indeed, we observed the increased expression of GLUT (glucose transporter), ASCT2 (glutamine transporter), and cancer progression markers in SCK-R cells. Thus, we inhibited enhanced metabolic reprogramming in SCK-R cells through nutrient starvation. SCK-R cells were sensitized to cisplatin, especially under glucose starvation. Glutaminase-1 (GLS1), which is a mitochondrial enzyme involved in tumorigenesis and progression in cancer cells, was upregulated in SCK-R cells. Targeting GLS1 with the GLS1 inhibitor CB-839 (telaglenastat) effectively reduced the expression of cancer progression markers. Taken together, our study results suggest that a combination of GLUT inhibition, which mimics glucose starvation, and GLS1 inhibition could be a therapeutic strategy to increase the chemosensitivity of ICC.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2000

Retinoic acid (RA) evokes pattern duplication in the regenerating salamander limb. Interestingly, it also enhances dedifferentiation in the regenerate by the morphological, histological and biochemical criteria. To examine whether there is any correlation between the RA-evoked pattern duplication and de novo protein synthetic profile in the regenerating salamander limb, especially during dedifferentiation, we analyzed stage-specific protein synthesis pattern in the normal and RA-treated regenerating limbs by metabolic labeling followed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. In the regenerating limbs without RA treatment, a few hundred kinds of proteins were found to be synthesized at the stage of wound healing and the total number of protein synthesized increased greatly as regeneration proceeded. The same trend was also observed in the RA-treated regenerating limbs. Interestingly, some protein spots were noted to be either newly synthesized or highly expressed by the RA treatment especially at the stage of dedifferentiation. The results shows that the enhancement of dedifferentiation state after the RA treatment correlates well with the protein synthesis profile, and suggest that those proteins are important for the RA-evoked pattern duplication in the regenerating limbs of salamander.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2012

Oxygen is the final acceptor of electron transport from fat and carbohydrate oxidation, which is the rate-limiting factor for cellular ATP production. Under altitude hypoxia condition, energy reliance on anaerobic glycolysis increases to compensate for the shortfall caused by reduced fatty acid oxidation [1]. Therefore, training at altitude is expected to strongly influence the human metabolic system, and has the potential to be designed as a non-pharmacological or recreational intervention regimen for correcting diabetes or related metabolic problems. However, most people cannot accommodate high altitude exposure above 4500 M due to acute mountain sickness (AMS) and insulin resistance corresponding to a increased levels of the stress hormones cortisol and catecholamine [2]. Thus, less stringent conditions were evaluated to determine whether glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity could be improved by moderate altitude exposure (below 4000 M). In 2003, we and another group in Austria reported that short-term moderate altitude exposure plus endurance-related physical activity significantly improves glucose tolerance (not fasting glucose) in humans [3,4], which is associated with the improvement in the whole-body insulin sensitivity [5]. With daily hiking at an altitude of approximately 4000 M, glucose tolerance can still be improved but fasting glucose was slightly elevated. Individuals vary widely in their response to altitude challenge. In particular, the improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity by prolonged altitude hiking activity is not apparent in those individuals with low baseline DHEA-S concentration [6]. In addition, hematopoietic adaptation against altitude hypoxia can also be impaired in individuals with low DHEA-S. In short-lived mammals like rodents, the DHEA-S level is barely detectable since their adrenal cortex does not appear to produce this steroid [7]. In this model, exercise training recovery under prolonged hypoxia exposure (14-15% oxygen, 8 h per day for 6 weeks) can still improve insulin sensitivity, secondary to an effective suppression of adiposity [8]. Genetically obese rats exhibit hyperinsulinemia (sign of insulin resistance) with up-regulated baseline levels of AMP-activated protein kinase and AS160 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle compared to lean rats. After prolonged hypoxia training, this abnormality can be reversed concomitant with an approximately 50% increase in GLUT4 protein expression. Additionally, prolonged moderate hypoxia training results in decreased diffusion distance of muscle fiber (reduced cross-sectional area) without affecting muscle weight. In humans, moderate hypoxia increases postprandial blood distribution towards skeletal muscle during a training recovery. This physiological response plays a role in the redistribution of fuel storage among important energy storage sites and may explain its potent effect on changing body composition. Conclusion: Prolonged moderate altitude hypoxia (rangingfrom 1700 to 2400 M), but not acute high attitude hypoxia (above 4000 M), can effectively improve insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance for humans and antagonizes the obese phenotype in animals with a genetic defect. In humans, the magnitude of the improvementvaries widely and correlates with baseline plasma DHEA-S levels. Compared to training at sea-level, training at altitude effectively decreases fat mass in parallel with increased muscle mass. This change may be associated with increased perfusion of insulin and fuel towards skeletal muscle that favors muscle competing postprandial fuel in circulation against adipose tissues.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권10호
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• pp.843-850
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• 2015

The1hepatic cell death induced by acetaminophen (APAP) is closely related to cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, which is mainly caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key sensor of low energy status. AMPK regulates metabolic homeostasis by stimulating catabolic metabolism and suppressing anabolic pathways to increase cellular energy levels. We found that the decrease in active phosphorylation of AMPK in response to APAP correlates with decreased ATP levels, in vivo. Therefore, we hypothesized that the enhanced production of ATP via AMPK stimulation can lead to amelioration of APAP-induced liver failure. A769662, an allosteric activator of AMPK, produced a strong synergistic effect on AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation with APAP in primary hepatocytes and liver tissue. Interestingly, activation of AMPK by A769662 ameliorated the APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in C57BL/6N mice treated with APAP at a dose of 400 mg/kg intraperitoneally. However, mice treated with APAP alone developed massive centrilobular necrosis, and APAP increased their serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels. Furthermore, A769662 administration prevented the loss of intracellular ATP without interfering with the APAP-mediated reduction of mitochondrial dysfunction. In contrast, inhibition of glycolysis by 2-deoxy-glucose eliminated the beneficial effects of A769662 on APAP-mediated liver injury. In conclusion, A769662 can effectively protect mice against APAP-induced liver injury through ATP synthesis by anaerobic glycolysis. Furthermore, stimulation of AMPK may have potential therapeutic application for APAP overdose.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2012

본 연구는 n-3 장쇄지방산이 풍부한 어유가 골격대사에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 이유한 Sprague-Dawley 종 흰쥐 (수컷)에게 4주 동안 FO군, FICO군, SO군의 실험식이를 공급한 후, 혈액과 뇨에서 생화학적 골격대사지표와 대퇴골의 무기질함량 및 골밀도를 측정하였다. 부갑상선호르몬, 칼시토닌, 오스테오 칼신은 세 그룹 사이에 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 뼈흡수지표인 deoxypyridinoline도 그룹 간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 골격형성지표인 ALP의 활성은 FO군에서 SO군에 비해 유의하게 높았고, 대퇴골의 골밀도 또한 SO군에 비해 FO군에서 유의하게 높은 값을 보였다. 그러나 FICO군과 SO군 간에는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때, 본 연구에서 DHA, EPA 급원의 어유 함량이 높은 식이는 ALP활성을 높이고 골밀도를 증대시킴으로써 성장기 흰쥐의 골격형성에 보호적인 효과가 있음을 알 수 있다. 그러나 식이 n-3 장쇄지방산이 골격대사에 미치는 효과를 규정하기 위해서는 적정식이수준이나 적정 n6/n3 비율과 관련된 많은 연구가 요구되며, n-3계 내의 각 지방산이 골격에 주는 작용양상에도 차이가 있을 수 있으므로 이에 대한 다양한 연구의 병행이 필요할 것으로 본다.