• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.328-336
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• 2015

Purpose: Past studies have reported that S-allylcysteine (SAC) inhibits the migration and invasion of cancer cells through the restoration of E-cadherin, the reduction of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and Slug protein expression, and inhibition of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, evidence is emerging that shows that ROS induced by radiation could increase Met activation. Following on these reports of SAC and Met, we investigated whether SAC could suppress Met activation. Materials and Methods: Wound healing, invasion, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT), soft agar colony forming, western blotting, and gelatin zymography assays were performed in the human nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines HNE1 and HONE1 treated with SAC (0, 10, 20, or 40 mM) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Results: This study showed that SAC could suppress the migration and invasion of HNE1 and HONE1 cell lines by inhibiting p-Met. An increase of migration and invasion induced by HGF and its decrease in a dose dependent manner by SAC in wound healing and invasion assays was observed. The reduction of p-Met by SAC was positively correlated with p-focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK) and p-extracellular related kinase (p-ERK in both cell lines). SAC reduced Slug, MMP2, and MMP9 involved in migration and invasion with the inhibition of Met-FAK signaling. Conclusion: These results suggest that SAC inhibited not only Met activation but also the downstream FAK, Slug, and MMP expression. Finally, SAC may be a potent anticancer compound for nasopharyngeal cancer treated with radiotherapy.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1186-1190
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• 2008

Single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody against c-Met is expected to be employed in clinical treatment or imaging of cancer cells owing to the important biological roles of c-Met in the proliferation of malignancies. Here, we show that the productivity of scFv against c-Met in Escherichia coli is significantly influenced by the orientation of its variable domains. We generated anti-c-Met scFv antibodies with two different domain orders (i.e., $V_L$-linker-$V_H$ and $V_H$-linker-$V_L$), expressed them in the cytoplasm of E. coli trx/gor deleted mutant, and compared their specific activities as well as their productivities. Productivity of total and functional anti-c-Met scFv with $V_H/V_L$ orientation was more than five times higher than that with $V_L/V_H$ format. Coexpression of DsbC enhanced the yield of soluble amounts of anti-c-Met scFv protein for both constructs. The purified scFv antibodies of the two different formats exhibited almost the same antigen-binding activities. We also compared the productivities and specific activities of anti-c-Met diabodies with $V_H/V_L$ or $V_L/V_H$ formats and obtained similar results to the case of scFv antibodies.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.730-736
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• 2006

To evaluated the effect of recombinant adenovirus Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas which can simultaneously express both antisense ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC) on cell cycle distribution in colorectal cancer cell and investigated underlying regulatory responses, human colorectal cancer cells HT-29 were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium and infected with Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas. Cell cycle progression was detected by flow cytometry analysis. The expression levels of cell cycle regulated proteins were measured by Western blot analysis. The mRNA level of cyclin D1 was measured by RT-PCR. And a luciferase reporter plasmid of cyclin D1 promoter was constructed to observe the effect of Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas on cyclin D1 promoter activity. The results showed that recombinant adenovirus Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas significantly induced $G_1$ arrest, decreased levels of cyclin D1 protein and mRNA and suppressed the promoter activity. Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas also inhibited nuclear translocation of $\beta$-catenin. In conclusion, downregulation of ODC and AdoMetDC mediated by Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas transfection induces $G_1$ arrest in HT-29 cells and the arrest was associated with suppression of cyclin D1 expression and inhibition of $\beta$-catenin nuclear translocation. As a new anticancer reagent, the recombinant adenovirus Ad-ODC-AdoMetDCas holds promising hope for the therapy of colorectal cancers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.706-709
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• 2003

Chromium (Cr) plays an important role in body composition. Several human and animal studies of Cr supplementation have reported increases in lean body mass, often with concurrent decreases in body fat. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of supplemental Cr as chromium methionine (CrMet) on obesity index, body fat and serum lipids in rats. Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups of nine rats. Rats received a AIN-76 semipetrified basal diet or high fat diet supplemented with 300 ppb CrCl$_3$and CrMet as well as no added dietary Cr (referred to as Control, HF, HFCr, and HFCrMet). After 6 weeks on the respective diets, animals were killed and analyzed for differences in serum lipid concentrations. Rats supplemented with CrMet had a slightly higher naso-anal length and final body weight was decreased. The lowest obesity index and body fat content were found in CrMet supplemented animals (p〈0,05). Supplemental CrMet decreased the total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol. The significant differences observed were total cholesterol concentration for CrMet supplementation. These indicate that supplemental Cr, as chromium methionine, resulted in a significant decrease of obesity index and body fat and influence serum lipid concentrations, possibly by decreasing the body fat.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.387-397
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• 2012

In this study, we focused on myomoduline A (MMA) released from the central nervous system of Aplysia kurodai. The primary structure of MMA is Pro-Met-Ser-Met-Leu-Arg-Leu-$NH_2$. This peptide is the same as that of the myomodulin family peptide found in other mollusks. The purified MMA showed a modulating activity of phasic contraction on the anterior byssus retractor muscle (ABRM) of Mytilus edulis. In order to study the relationship between the structure and biological activity of MMA, we synthesized MMA, Des[$Pro^1$]-MMA, Des[$Pro^1,Met^2$]-MMA, Des[$Pro^1,Met^2,Ser^3$]-MMA, and MME. The amino acid sequences of Des[$Pro^1$]-MMA, Des[$Pro^1,Met^2$]-MMA, and Des[$Pro^1,Met^2,Ser^3$]-MMA were Met-Ser-Met-Leu-Arg-Leu-$NH_2$, Ser-Met-Leu-Arg-Leu-$NH_2$, and Met-Leu-Arg-Leu-$NH_2$, respectively. MMA and synthetic peptides were tested on ABRM in M. edulis as well as muscle preparations in Achatina fulica. At $1{\times}10^{-8}$ M or lower, MMA showed a potentiating effect on phasic contraction of the ABRM, but this peptide had an inhibitory effect at $1{\times}10^{-6}$ M or higher. Both MMA and its analogs stimulated a contractile response on the crop and a relaxed catch-relaxing response on the penial retractor muscle of A. fulica. These results suggest that Met-Leu-Arg-Leu-$NH_2$ in MMA is the minimum structure required for the regulation of the contraction of ABRM, as well as the reproductive and digestive activities of mollusks.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.355-362
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• 2008

This study was carried out to evaluate effects of either organic or inorganic sources of both chromium and copper on growth performances, nutrients digestibility and fecal Cr, Cu, and Zn excretion in growing pigs. A total of 36 growing pigs((Landrace×Yorkshire)×Duroc, weighing 61.2kg in average) were allotted to 4 treatments with 3 replicates and 3 pigs per replicate. Four treatments were designated by supplemental sources of both chromium and copper as follows: ①200ppb Cr as Cr-methionine chelate(CrMet) and 200ppm Cuas copper methionine chelate(CuMet), ②200ppb Cr as CrMet and 200ppm Cu as copper sulfate(CuSO4), ③200ppb Cr as chromium chloride(CrCl3) and 200ppm Cu as CuMet, ④200ppb Cr as CrCl3 and 200ppm Cu as CuSO4. Growth performance was highest(p<0.05) in CrMet and CuMet supplemented diet treatment. Nutrients digestibility of diets was lowest(p<0.05) in CrMet and CuSO4 supplemented diet treatment, and highest(p<0.05) in CrMet and CuMet supplemented diet treatment. Fecal copper, zinc and chromium excretion was highest(p<0.05) in CrCl3 and CuSO4 supplementation treatment and lowest(p<0.05) in CrMet and CuMet supplementation treatment. This study showed a relatively high degree of utilization of Cr and Cu as well as Zn by supplementation of CrMet and CuMet compared with those of the inorganic sources.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.413-418
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• 2008

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the associations between the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and inflammatory markers. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from 1578 Koreans aged 40-69 years residing in a rural area. We investigated associations between MetS and circulating high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), white blood cells (WBC) and adiponectin. MetS was defined using the criteria proposed by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III). Results: Increased WBC counts and hs-CRP levels and decreased adiponectin levels were observed in subjects with MetS. WBC, hs-CRP and adiponectin levels linearly deteriorated with an increase in the number of MetS components (all ptrend <0.005). Finally, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for the risk of MetS by increase/decrease in 3 inflammatory markers were calculated by multivariate logistic regression analyses. In terms of changes in inflammation markers, in men, the adjusted ORs (95% confidence interval) were 1.15 (1.01-1.31) for WBC, 1.64 (1.02-2.64) for hs-CRP, and 0.19(0.08-0.45) for adiponectin, whereas corresponding adjusted ORs (95% Cls) in women were 1.27 (1.15-1.40), 0.98 (0.67-1.42), 0.09 (0.04-0.18), respectively. Conclusions: Serum adiponectin levels and WBC counts were found to be strongly associated with MetS in both sexes. However, hs-CRP lost its significance after adjusting for BMI and other inflammatory markers in women. This study shows that inflammatory response is associated with MetS in the Korean population. Further prospective studies are necessary to confirm the contribution made by inflammatory markers to the development of MetS.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.201-211
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Muscle Energy Technique(MET) on the Hamstring flexibility of healthy adults by comparing stretching exercise. Methods : The subjects were consisted of healthy adults(54 male, 42 female). All subject randomly assigned to the Control group, Stretching group, MET group. stretching group received hamstring stretching for 75 seconds and MET group received Hamstring MET for 75 seconds. Then subject did the sit and reach test at before treatment, right after treatment and after 10 minutes treatment. Results : 1. Result of sit and reach test according to measurement time changed, three groups were all improved and significant difference(p<0.01) was observed among three groups. 2. Compared to before treatment and right after treatment result, MET group was more significant improved(p<0.01) than stretching group. 3. Compared to before treatment and after 10 minutes result, MET group was more significant improved(p<0.01) than stretching group. Conclusions : According to above results, improvement of hamstring flexibility, MET was more effect than stretching exercise.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.61-68
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes of the relative impulse of the foot when carrying 5 types of schoolbag during level walking. Methods: Forty-four normal subjects were divided into 5 groups according to the method of carrying a bag: carrying no bag (condition 1), a backpack (condition 2), a shoulder bag (condition 3), a cross bag (condition 4) and a one-hand bag (condition 5). To evaluate the partial relative impulse, 7 areas were measured on the sole of a foot: the hallux, toe, 1st metatarsal head (Met1) and the 2nd & 3rd metatarsal heads (Met2/3), the 4th & 5th metatarsal heads (Met4/5), mid foot and heel. Repeated one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t-tests were used to analyze the statistical data. Results: In the right foot, the relative impulses in every areas revealed no significant difference (p>0.05), however, the relative impulses at Met1, Met2/3, Met4/5 and heel were significantly different between the different conditions (p<0.05). There were significant differences on comparing the relative impulse between left and right foot within one condition, the mid foot in condition 2, as well as the hallux and Met1 in condition 3 (p<0.05). In condition 4, the toe, Met1, Met4/5 and mid foot were significantly different (p<0.05). The values at the hallux, toe and Met1 in condition 5 also were significantly different (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings showed that the symmetrical relative impulse of the foot was present in the case of carrying a backpack, but there was an extra load on specific regions and asymmetrical relative impulses in the case of carrying a shoulder bag, a across bag and a one-hand bag. (ED note: this abstract is not clear. You need to work on it.)

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.313-315
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• 2004