• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.41
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• pp.7-32
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• 2015

This study started from an interest in the unique history and literature of Okinawa and Jeju Islands. The Battle of Okinawa at a late stage of the Asia-Pacific theatre of World War II, and the indiscriminate violence in the 4.3 Jeju Massacre directly show the shared tragedy of the two islands; furthermore, they are are both located on the frontier of a nation's authority, and thus are symbolic cases. This thesis analyzes Oshiro Tatsuhiro's Island of the Gods and Hyun, Ki Young's Sooni's Uncle, both directly deal with the tragedy of two different but analogous incidents, and question the difference in memory struggle and definitions. Thus, though both novels show a similarity in focusing on and exposing the forbidden memory of mass suicide and massacre, the methods of suggesting the course of memory struggle are different. For example, in contrast to Hyun who took a different approach from the fury, accusations, and violence of South Korea to espoused forgiveness and reconciliation, Oshiro showed the changes in the form of responding to the mainland Japan.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.67
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• pp.267-318
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the "memory approach" has affected archival methodology and activities, and suggest the directions of archival activities in each field. Although there have been many discussions on the memories and collective memories in Archival Studies, it is necessary to analyze them more practically from the viewpoint of archival activism. In this study, the memory approaches in archival discourse are classified into four categories in terms of archival activism; i) the role of archives as social memory organizations, ii) the memory struggle for finding out the truth of the past, iii) archival activities of restorative justice for people who suffer from trauma memories after social disasters and human rights violations, and iv) the memory process of communities' archiving for strengthening community identities. The meaning and issues are analyzed for each category, and the practice based on archival expertise and political and social practices are examined together as necessary competencies for archival activism.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.39
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• pp.83-95
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• 2015

Every country has a dark history in the process of transition to a modern state. Many countries have until the 21st century, especially in East Asia, colonialism, has experienced conflict influenced, racial discrimination, the trauma of such massacre. Such a dark history in many countries are also still in progress. Dark History of China, which maintains the proletarian dictatorship is the 'Cultural Revolution(Wenhua da Geming)'. 'Cultural Revolution' is neither the outer aspect of the ideological struggle, but in fact it was not even class struggle ideology and class struggle. Put an end to the feudal intellectuals in China in the course of the tragedy stood and lead to build a new China suffered the humiliation of being betrayed from state power. Chinese writers after the 'Cultural Revolution' ended, was created in the process of creation reflects the tragedy of the 'Cultural Revolution' in the country(national memory) is suffering from the pain and suffering the same growth process as it saw this novel growth experienced in the personal growth process. "Road leaving at 18 years" of WiHua has ruled out the pain of growing national attention wholly to personal growth and pain. Such "Road leaving at 18 years" in the sense suggests the possibility of a typical growth story in China Contemporary Literature.

• 기호학연구
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• no.57
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• pp.177-210
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• 2018

This study, approaching through view of Lacan and Althusser, is focused on conflicts and struggles concerning anniversaries in our society. August 15, Korean War, March 1 and Provisional Government are selected as subjects of the study, examining aspects of commemorative Struggle and changing process to those subjects. Means of the study are used through theories of Lacan and Althusser.The result of the study is analyzed that commemorative Struggle set up a starting point as the early modernization in the late 19th century. In other words, influence of modernization, which has been built up with a high hand though Japanese occupation, caused trauma and cracks. And this has been generated social conflicts, joining with ideology and fantasy. Converged point of this is Anniversary. If Anniversary and commemorative Struggle were inevitable to be existed as a phenomenon about social memory in the past, willpower heading to future should be reviewed through those days, to fill cracks of the society, not to return to the splitting past.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.57-79
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• 2016

This study aims to identify and analyze how the No Gun Ri massacre records are incorporated in social memory. As a theoretical study, it discusses the characteristics of social records. First, they are social products that have an influence on personal memory. Second, they reflect variability of memory. Third, they can be used in proving an event. To analyze the memory and records of the No Gun Ri massacre, this study overviews the outline of the killings and divides it into three eras: countermemory era, memory struggle era, and formal memory era. Furthermore, this study reviews the transformation process and characteristics of each era. The representative records produced in each era are as follows: oral, and personal records in the first period; records related to committee activities, legislative activities, and research activities in the second period; and official records on the special law, and the construction and operation of a peace park in the third period. The third period shows the scalability of the records through a variety of cultural records production to remember the No Gun Ri incident.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.583-592
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• 2023

Background: Alcohol is one of the most commonly used psychoactive drugs. Due to its addictive characteristics, many people struggle with the side effects of alcohol. Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a traditional herbal medicine that is widely used to treat various health problems. However, the effects and mechanisms of KRG in alcohol-induced responses remain unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of KRG in alcohol-induced responses. Methods: We investigated two aspects: alcohol-induced addictive responses and spatial working memory impairments. To determine the effects of KRG in alcohol-induced addictive responses, we performed conditioned place preference tests and withdrawal symptom observations. To assess the effects of KRG in alcohol-induced spatial working memory impairment, Y-maze, Barnes maze, and novel object recognition tests were performed using mice after repeated alcohol and KRG exposure. To investigate the potential mechanism of KRG activity, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and western blot analysis were performed. Results: KRG-treated mice showed dose-dependent restoration of impaired spatial working memory following repeated alcohol exposure. Furthermore, withdrawal symptoms to alcohol were reduced in mice treated with KRG and alcohol. The PKA-CREB signaling pathway was activated after alcohol administration, which was reduced by KRG. However, the levels of inflammatory cytokines were increased by alcohol and decreased by KRG. Conclusion: Taken together, KRG may alleviate alcohol-induced spatial working memory impairments and addictive responses through anti-neuroinflammatory activity rather than through the PKA-CREB signaling pathway.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.71
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• pp.52-74
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• 2015

The May 18 Democratic Movement has been considered to be specific case of the big deviation in social memory among the events that occurred after the Korea War. Compared with other events associated with the democratization movement, the May 18 Democratic Movement is special in that can be achieved various changed meaning. In this study, primary focus will be on the background and logics to show what changed the meaning of the May 18 Democratic Movement from the perspectives of the memorial project. And to investigate influences of change of meaning on perspectives and forms of memorial projects. Recognition and forms of memorial projects on the May 18 Democratic Movement had been largely changed around 2000s. Memorial projects were the aspects that are the logics of the social movements absorbed into the logics of the institutionalization before 2000s. During this period, it was done primarily the discourse of a holy ground for democracy and sanctuarization, had characterized the nature of the struggle of memory. After 2000s, the May 18 Democratic Movement has been interpreted historical resources to create a cultural city and a human rights city. Sometimes the May 18 Democratic Movement was appropriated by local development discourse, and sometimes was adopted as the material of differentiation strategy in the city. Form of memorial projects has also been changed type of struggle of memory to type of heritage industry.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.393-408
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• 2018

This study aims to raise our understanding of how memory of a social group is transnationally appropriated and utilized by other subjects. A collective sense of justice for comfort women has been handed to many Koreans either in Korea or in overseas countries since the early 1990s. In the U.S., the first comfort women monument was established in Palisades Park, New Jersey by Korean-Americans and local politicians as they wanted to strengthen the common sense of Korean ethnicity with the symbolic power of the memoryscape. Exploring the diffusion of comfort women memorials in the U.S., this study examines the complexity and multilayered structure of memory politics and its transnational mobility, which are connected to Korean-Americans' struggle for belonging.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.8
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• pp.309-336
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• 2004

Approximately equivalent to character disorder or character neuroses or behavioral reaction. For a discussion of the term as used currently, in the 1968 revision of psychiatric nomenclature(DSM-II). In DSM-I(1952 nomenclature), this term referred to those cases in which the personality, in its struggle for adjustment to internal and external stresses, utilized primarily a pattern of action or behavior rather than symptoms in the mental, somatic or emotional spheres. There is minimal subjective anxiety and little or no sense of distress. As thus defined, there are three main groups of personality disorder, personality pattern disturbance, personality trait disturbance and sociopathic, personality disturbance. Morton Prince asks whether a subconscious process can perform the same function as are ordinarily performed by conscious intelligence that is to say memory, perception, reasoning, imagination, volition, affectivity, etc? He cites clinical material at great length, concluding that the quality of the functions performed they frequently exhibit, that which is characteristic of intelligence.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.44
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• pp.101-151
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• 2015

This article analyzes biographies of women participants in Miryang struggle against 765㎸ transmission tower and finds that the experience of state violence under the ideological conflicts works the biographical context of participation in environment movement. The cases analyzed in this article disclose the family member's experience of state violence and their trauma through the participation in social movement. And they legitimize their family member's life, heal their trauma, and live a new life by the social movement participation. But the power of healing trauma comes from solidarity and support in social movement. Findings of this article imply that experiences of state violence have influence on the formation and development of various Korean social movements and we need more solidarity and democracy for healing the trauma occurred by state violence and concealed in individual memory. Findings of this article also suggest the importance of biography documents. Biography documents can contribute to widen and to deepen understandings on the social interaction and social history, because they are the document about people's experience who are excluded from the official history and character culture. Moreover biography documents can compensate the official documents, because they can offer the context to the social actions in the official documents. More accumulations and analyses on biographies can serve to widen and to deepen understanding and explanation of Korean society having multilayered exclusion in the process of the compressed modernization and the history of national division.