• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 1991

In vitro developmental ability of early preimplantation monse embryos was shown to be depend on the embryonic stages, media and snpplements and their interaction(Experiment 1). The development of I-cell embryos were more promoted in the complex medinm(Ham's Fl0) than in the simple one(m-KRB), but that of 2-cell embryos showed the reverse effect. The bovine serum albumin(BSA) as a medium snpplement more promoted the development of I- and 2-cell embryos, compared with human fetal cord serum(HCS). On the other hand, the harmful effect of HCS was especially shown on the early cleavage in the embryonic development of the two stages. The effect of serum, in the respect of interaction between media and snpplements. was also more significantly appeared in m-KRB than Ham's Fl0. In the experiment 2, when the harmful effect of HCS was compared with that of fetal bovine serum(FBS), the former more promoted the development of l - and 2-cell embryos than the latter. The effect of HCS was more significantly shown in the development of I-cell than that of 2-cell embryos. Conclusively, as I- and 2-cell embryos were different in the requirements for the in vitro development. the optimal medium and supplement have to be selected for each embryonic stage. It is also respected to the better result if it take into consideration into the kinds of sera when serum is used for culture of early preimplantation embryos.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1252-1260
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• 2020

(R)-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propionic acid (HPOPA) is a key intermediate for the preparation of aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid herbicides (R-isomer). In order to improve the HPOPA production from the substrate (R)-2-phenoxypropionic acid (POPA) with Beauveria bassiana CCN-A7, static cultivation and H₂O₂ addition were attempted and found to be conducive to the task at hand. This is the first report on HPOPA production under static cultivation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction. On this premise, the cultivation conditions and fermentation medium compositions were optimized. As a result, the optimal carbon source, organic nitrogen source, and inorganic nitrogen source were determined to be glucose, peptone, and ammonium sulfate, respectively. The optimal inoculum size and fermentation temperature were 13.3% and 28℃, respectively. The significant factors including glucose, peptone, and H₂O₂, identified based on Plackett-Burman design, were further optimized through Central Composite Design (CCD). The optimal concentrations were as follows: glucose 38.81 g/l, peptone 7.28 g/l, and H₂O₂ 1.08 g/l/100 ml. Under the optimized conditions, HPOPA titer was improved from 9.60 g/l to 19.53 g/l, representing an increase of 2.03-fold. The results obtained in this work will provide novel strategies for improving the biosynthesis of hydroxy aromatics.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2012

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare vitrification optimization of mouse embryos using electron microscopy (EM) grid, cryotop, and thin plastic strip (TPS) containers by evaluating developmental competence and apoptosis rates. Methods: Mouse embryos were obtained from superovulated mice. Mouse cleavage-stage, expanded, hatching-stage, and hatched-stage embryos were cryopreserved in EM grid, cryotop, and TPS containers by vitrification in 15% ethylene glycol, 15% dimethylsulfoxide, 10 ${\mu}g/mL$ Ficoll, and 0.65 M sucrose, and 20% serum substitute supplement (SSS) with basal medium, respectively. For the three groups in which the embryos were thawed in the EM grid, cryotop, and TPS containers, the thawing solution consisted of 0.25 M sucrose, 0.125 M sucrose, and 20% SSS with basal medium, respectively. Rates of survival, re-expansion, reaching the hatched stage, and apoptosis after thawing were compared among the three groups. Results: Developmental competence after thawing of vitrified expanded and hatching-stage blastocysts using cryotop and TPS methods were significantly higher than survival using the EM grid (p<0.05). Also, apoptosis positive nuclei rates after thawing of vitrified expanded blastocysts using cryotop and TPS were significantly lower than when using the EM grid (p<0.05). Conclusion: The TPS vitrification method has the advantages of achieving a high developmental ability and effective preservation.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.111-114
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• 1995

지치 (Lithospermum erythorhizon SIEB, et ZUCC)의 잎조직으로부터 유도한 캘러스를 현탁배양하여 약리성 지방산인 ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid (GLA)를 생산하는 기술을 확립하고자 탄소원, 질소원, 생장조절제의 영향을 조사하였다. 캘러스 유도는 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D 단용첨가시 가장 왕성하였다. Sucrose 88mM농도에서 세포생육이 가장 왕성하고 총지방산(TFA)중 GLA비율이 높아 단위건물중당 TFA함량이 가장 낮았음에도 flask당 GLA생산량은 가장 많았다. 질소원으로서 potassium nitrate농도증가는 세포생장 및 지방산함 량 및 GLA함량을 증가시켰으며 최고 처리농도인 56.3 mM 에서 최고수준을 나타냈다. IAA 첨가는 배양세포 생장량을 증가시켰고 2,4-D는 배양세포내의 총지방산 함량을 높이는 결과를 나타내었으나, kinetin과 BA는 세포생육에 저해적 영향을 나타냈다. $10^{-7}$ M ABA는 캘러스생장을 유의적으로 증가시켰으며 TFA 및 GLA함량도 증가시켰으나 현탁배양세포의 생육과 지방산 축적에는 저해적으로 작용하였다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.71-81
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• 1994

These experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of human follicular fluid (hFF) as a protein supplement on development of mammalian embryo as well as to find out ways toward effective use of hFF. The developmental rates of mouse embryos to the blastocyst and implantation stages were significantly higher in T6 ＋hFF than T6＋hFCS. Classified hFF according to the maturity of contained oocytes (M-hFF and Im-hFF), and compared the rates of development of mouse embryo cultured in M-hFF or Im-hFF to culture medium T6. Total protein, albumin and estradiol concentrations were higher in M-hFF than Im-hFF (P<0.05). The developmental rates of mouse embryos to the blastocyst and hatching blastocyst stages cultured in Im-hFF were significantly lower than those in M-hFF and the basic medium. In accordance of the results of human IVF, hFF has been divided into 4 groups. The developmental rates of mouse embryos to the blastocyst stage in presense of hFF from pregnant patients, who have good grade embryos, were significantly higher than those in hFF from patients who have poor grade embryos or were not pregnant. In addition, the rates of development of human embryo were compared in presense of BSA, hFF or hFCS. The developmental rates of human embryos cultured in Ham's F10＋hFF were significantly higher than those in the Ham's F10＋BSA. These results suggests that the culture system using hFF could improve the development ability of mammalian embryos and the viability of blastocysts cultured in vitro.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2012

Clonorchis sinensis is a biological carcinogen inducing human cholangiocarcinoma, and clonorchiasis is one of the important endemic infectious diseases in East Asia. The present study investigated survival longevity of C. sinensis adult worms in various in vitro conditions to find the best way of keeping the worms longer. The worms were maintained in 0.85% NaCl, 1${\times}$PBS, 1${\times}$Locke's solution, RPMI-1640, DMEM, and IMDM media, and in 1${\times}$Locke's solution with different supplements. All of the worms died within 3 and 7 days in 0.85% NaCl and 1${\times}$PBS, respectively, but survived up to 57 days in 1${\times}$Locke's solution. The worms lived for 106 days in DMEM, and 114 days in both RPMI-1640 and IMDM media. The survival rate in RPMI-1640 medium was the highest (50%) compared to that in DMEM ($20{\pm}10%$) and in IMDM ($33.3{\pm}25.2%$) after 3 months. The 1${\times}$Locke's solution with 0.005% bovine bile supplement showed increased duration of maximum survival from 42 days to 70 days. Higher concentration of bile supplements than 0.005% or addition of glucose were disadvantageous for the worm survival. The worms died rapidly in solutions containing L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, and adenine compared to L-arginine, L-serine, and L-tryptophan. In conclusion, the 1${\times}$Locke's solution best supports the worms alive among inorganic solutions for 57 days, and the RPMI-1640 medium maintains living C. sinensis adults better and longer up to 114 days in vitro than other media.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.87-91
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of the supplementation of glutamine, glucosamine and glutathione on the porcine oocytes on IVM rates. Cocs were incubated in NCSU-23 supplemented with at $2.0{\sim}10.0\;mM$ glucosamine, $0.5{\sim}4.0\;mM$ glutamine and $0.1{\sim}1.0\;mM$ glutathione for 48 hrs. Oocytes were transferred to 50 ul drops of maturation medium covered with mineral oil and cultured in a $CO_2$ incubator ($38^{\circ}C$, 5% $CO_2$, 95% air). The IVM rates of oocytes cultured in NCSU-23 supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mM glutamine for 48 hrs were $46.0{\pm}4.5%$, $52.0{\pm}4.8%$, $50.0{\pm}4.2%$ and $44.0{\pm}4.5%$, respectively. The IVM rates of oocytes cultured in NCSU-23 supplement with 2.0, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0 mM glucosamine for 48 hrs were $44.0{\pm}4.5%$, $42.0{\pm}4.5%$, $38.0{\pm}4.6%$ and $24.0{\pm}4.8%$, respectively. The IVM rates of oocytes cultured in NCSU-23 supplemented with glucosamine were no significantly increased compare to the control ($42.5{\pm}4.0%$). The IVM rate of oocytes cultured in NCSU-23 supplemented with 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0 mM glutathione for 48 hrs were $40.0{\pm}3.2%$, $54.0{\pm}4.2%$, $48.0{\pm}4.5%$, $44.0{\pm}4.8%$, respectively. The IVM rate of oocytes cultured in NCSU-23 supplemented with glutamine and glutathione were significantly increased co~pared to those control ($42.5{\pm}4.0%$). Glucosamine did not affect the IVM rates of oocytes. IVM rates of oocytes cultured in NCSU-23 medium for 48 hrs were significantly increased compared to the cultured for 40 hrs.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.31-44
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• 1982

Streptococcus mutans strains were isolated from dental plaques of carious lesions of 53 patients on mitis-salivarius-bacitracin (MSB) and mitis-salivarius(MS) medium as a supplement. The epidemiological investigation was carried out to determine the biotypes and serotypes of S. mutans isolates. For the serotyping, autoclaved extract antigens from the isolates and serotype-specific antisera against seven known serotypes of S. mutans were prepared. The serotypes of the isolates were demonstrated in immunodiffusion test. In addtition, the prevalence of ${\beta}$-hemolysis on 5% sheep blood agar plate in restricted anaerobic condition and yellow pigment production on 5% sucrose agar plate in less anaerobic condition among the isolates were investigated. The results were as follows: 1. Forty-eight S. mutans strains were isolated from dental plaque samples of 33 patients (62.3%) among 53 patients. 2. Of the isolates, some strains were not grown on MSB medium. 3. Serotype c S. mutans was found in 60.6%, serotype d was found in 30.3% of the patients who were known to harbor S. mutans. 4. Of. the isolates, serotype c isolates were most prevalent (43.8%), serotype d isolates were 25.0%, and serotype b, e, f and g isolates were also found but in lower frequencies. Serotype a S. mutans were not detected. 5. The correlation between serotype and biotype of the isolates was found in 78.6% of the typing cases. 6. Strains revealed ${\beta}$-hemolysis were in 52.1% of the isolates, strains produced yellow pigment were in 47.9% of the isolates, and with one exception, all the strains were belong to serotype c, e and f. 7. The majority of the isolates which revealed ${\beta}$-hemolysis appeared to be yellow pigmented, these isolates were belong to serotype c, e and f.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2015

Structure and/or fluid analysis is gradually increased by an essential design process in the small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) because of the needs for a rapid design process and the certification about the supplement of the parts by the large business (LB). In this paper, we developed the web-based ezSIM platform installed in the resources integrated system server. The ezSIM platform is based on the heterogeneous linux and windows operating system for the user-friendly connection with the part of the analysis for the SMBs. The procedure of the structure/fluid analysis service module using the public software and the license-free open code in the ezSIM platform was explained. The convenience of the ezSIM platform service was presented by the reaction rate of the graphic motion compared with that of a local PC and the solving and pre-post processing interface compared with that of the KISTI supercomputer. The web-based ezSIM platform service was identified as a useful and essential platform to the SMBs for the usage of the structure and/or fluid analysis procedure.

• Mycobiology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.160-163
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• 2001

Sikhae is a Korean traditional beverage of saccharified rice. Its factory waste(SFW) is usually thrown away instead of being used. We developed a cheap substrate of SFW for use in liquid spawn that is known for its higher fruit body yields than grain spawn in sawdust cultivation. Mycelia of Lentinula edodes ASI 3046, which is regarded as the most suitable strain for sawdust cultivation, were cultured on six kinds of previous known media and SFW. As the seven kinds of media were applied, a Sikhae Factory Waste(SFW) was most excellent in growth. The dried mycelial weight in SFW was almost four times as much as that in the other media. In the flask culture, optimum culture conditions for the mycelial growth were obtained after 13 days of cultivation at media volume of 100 ml, 100 rpm, initial pH 4.5, and $25^{\circ}C$. The best mycelial growth was observed when $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ and D-sucrose were added as a supplement in SFW. SWM must be a remarkable medium for L. edodes because of its simple preparation and low cost.