• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2009

Giant cell tumor (GCT) of the rib may present as a posterior mediastinal mass when it involves the posterior arc. Only 4 cases of GCT of the rib presenting as a posterior mediastinal mass have been reported. We report a case of a 38-year-old man with GCT of the rib. Computed tomography revealed a well-defined, multi-lobulated, heterogeneous mass in the right superoposterior mediastinum, which appeared to invade the right third rib and thoracic vertebra. It was thought to be a posterior mediastinal ganglioneuroma or its malignant transformation. Grossly, the tumor mass arose in the posterior arc and showed substantial growth out of the rib. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of interspersed multi-nucleated giant cells and stromal mononuclear cells, compatible with GCT. For GCT, a wide excision with elective radiotherapy should be considered. GCT must be differentiated from posterior mediastinal ganglioneuroma that can be treated by surgical excision alone.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.12
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• pp.1019-1021
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• 2004

Neurogenic tumors are common in posterior mediastinal tumors. In most cases, tumors were accidentally showed on simple chest X-ray. In some cases, they were presented by symptoms which were induced by nerve compression or airway compression. But as in our case, neurogenic tumor with spontaneous hemothorax is very rare. A 45-year-old man admitted to emergency room of other hospital because of acute right chest pain and dyspnea. A chest X-ray showed a right pleural effusion. Hemothorax was diagnosed after closed thoracostomy. Following chest CT showed posterior mediastinal mass. The patient was transferred to our hospital. T spine MRI showed dumbbell shaped mass. Diagostic impression was neurogenic tumor. The pathologic result was neurilemmoma after surgical resection.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.542-545
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• 2010

Extramedullary hematopoiesis is a common compensatory mechanism of chronic anemia, but an asymptomatic posterior mediastinal mass is rarely diagnosed as an extramedullary hematopoiesis after surgical resection. The differential from neurogenic tumors is important, but fine needle aspiration biopsy is not recommended because of the difficulty of approach and risk of bleeding. Although diagnosis and treatment can involve resection via thoracotomy, video-assisted thoracic surgery may also be a useful strategy. We performed video-assisted thoracic surgery on a 59-year-old man for posterior mediastinal extramedullary hematopoiesis, with no evidence of recurrence or related hematologic diseases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.113-117
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• 2003

Idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis is very rare. We report two cases of a 41-year-old man and 65-year-old man who presented with backache and vocal cord palsy, subsequently confirmed to be idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis. Preoperative chest computed tomography showed a mediastinal mass and thoracoscopic biopsy was preformed. The mass was hard, dense and partially calcified, and adhered the adjacent mediastinal structure. Postoperative medical treatment was not performed, and during 5 and 7 month follow-up has not demonstrated any complication.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.423-426
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• 2014

A 67-year-old male patient came to the hospital due to lung cancer and mediastinal cystic mass which was suspected to be esophageal duplication cyst. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was performed and intra-operative finding suggested it as a cystic mass along the thoracic duct. Thoracic duct was ligated and the cyst was completely resected. A 48-year-old female patient visited the hospital for dysphagia. Mediastinal cystic mass was suspected to be an esophageal duplication cyst. Intraoperative finding suggest a thoracic duct lymphangioma. After thoracic duct ligation, the mass was completely resected with VATS. Postoperative chylothorax did not develop in both cases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.131-133
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• 2012

A 31-year-old female was referred from other hospital due to migrating chest pain, mild cough, and blood-tinged sputum for three days before admission. Laboratory tests were unremarkable. Chest computed tomography revealed an elliptical necrotic mass at the left anterior mediastinum, measuring $7{\times}3{\times}4cm$. With the impression of mediastinal abscess or loculated empyema, thoracoscopic resection was performed. There was severe pleural adhesion around the mass. The mass could be resected by the wedge resection of the adhesed upper lobe tissue of left lung around the mass. Final pathologic diagnosis was ectopic pancreas.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.561-565
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• 1990

We experienced thymolipoma which is a rare benign mediastinal tumor, an admixture of atrophic thymic tissue and matured adipose tissue. The patient was, 13 years old boy, admitted due to anterior mediastinal mass on routine chest X-ray and complained of mild exertional dyspnea. The physical examination revealed percussion dullness, decreased breathing sound at right anterior hemithorax. The chest PA and lateral views showed both paracardiac mass density and obliteration of retrosternal clear space. The chest CT Scan showed tubular structure containing of thymic tissue and enhanced fatty tissue, suggested thymolipoma. Operation was performed under the impression of thymolipoma. Through median sternotomy, the huge mass was resected. Grossly, the mass was yellowish fatty colored, measured 15X12X10cm, weighed 600gm. Light microscopic examination showed that thymic tissue containing of Hassal`s corpuscles were surrounded by matured adipose tissue, as the characteristic finding of thymolipoma. The postoperative course was uneventful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.373-376
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• 2011

Lymphangiohemangiomas of the mediastinum are exceedingly rare and few cases have been published in the English literature. This report may be the only reported case in which lymphangiohemangiomas were found bilaterally. We report a case of a 7-year-old boy with an incidental finding of an abnormal mediastinal shadow on a chest X-ray. The chest CT showed a large mass in the left superior mediastinum and another in the right posterior mediastinum. The left mass had anomalous venous channels connected to the left innominate vein, and the right mass to the left atrium. We performed an excision of the mass in the left side first and then the right side one month later. Anomalous venous channels were dissected carefully and ligated. There were no complications and no signs of recurrence 30 months after the operation.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.676-679
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• 1994

A 36-year-old man was studied because of signs and symptoms of superior vena caval syndrome. Chest computerized tomography showed $10{\times}8{\times}6$ cm sized lobulated anterior mediastinal mass, compressing superior vena cava. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed seminoma. There was no detectable tumor mass in the testes. We report a case of primary mediastinal seminoma presenting with superior vena caval syndrome.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 2015

Primary thymic adenocarcinoma is a very rare malignancy of the anterior mediastinum with no standardized treatment. A 36-year-old male patient presented with hoarseness over the past 3 months. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed an infiltrative mass to the proximal vessels and aortic arch in left upper mediastinum ($4.1{\times}3.1{\times}5.4cm$). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed focal lesions, suggesting metastasis in the left frontal lobe. A thoracoscopic biopsy of the mediastinal mass confirmed a primary thymic adenocarcinoma forming a glandular structure with atypia of tumor cells. The patient received four cycles of systemic chemotherapy, consisting of etoposide and cisplatin, with concurrent radiotherapy (6,000 cGy/30 fractions) to the mediastinal lesion and the metastatic brain lesion (4,200 cGy/12 fractions). A follow-up chest CT scan and brain MRI showed a decrease in the size of the left upper mediastinal mass and brain lesion. We report a rare case of the primary thymic adenocarcinoma with a literature review.