• 한국의류학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.583-593
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• 2000

이 연구의 목적은 첫째, 계속 확대되어가고 있는 미국 TV 홈쇼퍼에 대한 인구통계학적인 특성과 그들의 구매행동을 조사하여 TV 홈쇼핑에 대한 이해의 폭을 넓히고 쇼핑이용자의 만족도를 증진시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색하는 데 있다. 둘째, TV shopping channel 에의 많은 노출은 TV 홈쇼핑의 유통 특성상 강박구매를 야기 시킬 경향이 높은 데 과연 TV shopping channel 노출과 강박구매와 관련이 있는 지, 그리고 TV 홈쇼퍼중 어느 정도의 강박구매자가 존재하는 지 조사하는 데 있다. 미국 전지역 51주에 걸쳐 회수된 설문지 결과, 일반적 마케팅 타겟에서 소외시되온 소비자집단, 예를 들면, 중년이나 노인 여성들, 몸이 비대한 여성들, 장애인등과 같은 다양한 집단들이 TV 홈쇼핑을 그들의 주요 쇼핑형태로 이용하였고, 특히, 대다수의 TV 홈쇼퍼들은 의류를 구매한 경험이 있었다. 또한, TV shopping media에 노출이 강박구매행동과 유의한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 특히 이 연구의 TV 홈쇼퍼중 일반인에 비해 약 2배가량의 강박구매자가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이 연구 결과를 토대로 사회지향적 마케팅전략이 논의되어진다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2008

In this study we develop core technology of Multi-Charmel Voice Guidance System based on active 2.45GHz RFID that can be used in the field of advertising. Through this, we can service more familiar with voice information to foreigners by own language in large scale international event. As an alternative to the current high-expensive voice guidance system in exhibition hall and provide more value added services to user. As the result, we present the configuration of integrated software platform which include media server, media client and receiver. It can be as a basis infra equipment for a signtseeing in RFID/USN environment. Additionally through tag information analysis about exposure of advertisement that is collected late, supposed system may achieve role as a new marketing tool.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2013

미디어를 통한 많은 소셜 데이터가 유통, 활용, 공개 되고 있다. 이 소셜 데이터를 이용한 미디어에 대한 즐거움과 정보의 효율적인 측면만 부각되고, 여기에서 발생되는 지나친 정보 노출과 사용자에 대한 인신 공격적 집단 댓글의 피해 문제는 소흘히 취급되고 있다. 본 연구에서는, 악성 집단 댓글 분석에 의한 SNS 여론 소셜 데이터 분석을 하였다. 소셜 네트워크가 가진 구조적 정보 이용을 통해 분석된 정보 분석 데이터의 양, 즉 SNS 언급 횟수 인 버즈량이 얼마나 많은 사람들에게 배포되고 악용되는가에 대한 문제를 다양한 측정 방법으로 분석하였다.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.75-90
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• 2002

Methyl tertiary-butyl ether(MTBE) is used as an octane enhancer in gasoline. MTBE can enter the environment at any stage in the production, storage, and transport of undiluted MTBE or MTBE-blended gasoline. Although data on concentrations of MTBE in the environment are not available, modelling of fate of MTBE has provided predictions for concentrations of MTBE in the various media to which humans and other organisms may be exposed. Many individuals do not taste or smell MTBE at the $5{\mu}g/L$ level, and thus may be exposed to higher concentrations for a significant amount of time. MTBE exposure through inhalation is likely to be below health-threatening levels, except for occupational workers such as gasoline station attendants and auto mechanics. It should be stressed, however, that there are important data gaps in our understanding of the acute and chronic toxicity of MTBE. Little or no research concern including being conducted that directly addresses these issues. Rather than any immediate ban on MTBE, I recommend consideration of phasing out MTBE in USA and other countries. During the transition phase, a number of policies are suggested to reduce the risk of using MTBE. One of these policies is that the state should invest in a research program. Such research should, for example, examine effective alternatives for motor vehicle fuels, and detect concentrations of MTBE in ambient air, water, and other environmental media.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2001

Acetanilide is a High Production Volume Chemical, which is produced about 2,300 tons/year in Korea as of 1998 survey. Most is used as an intermediate for synthesis of pharmaceuticals and dyes and the chemical is one of seven chemicals of which human and environmental risks are being assessed by National Institute of Environmental Research under the frame of OECD SIDS program. The chemical is water soluble (4 g/1 at 20$\^{C}$) and readily biodegradable (68.7％). Partition coefficiency (Log Pow) is 1.16 at 23$\^{C}$ so that the chemical has a low potential for bioaccumulation. The acute toxicities of algae, daphnia and fish are not high. The 72 hr-EｂC50 of algae is 13.5 mg/1,48 hr-EC50 of daphnia is over 100 mg/1 and 96 hr-LC50 of Oryzias latipes is over 100mg/1. Regarding the exposure, levels in air, water, soil or sediment have not been monitored or estimated so that risk evaluation of acetanilide was not possible. In this study, distribution of the chemical among environmental media was estimated using EQC model based on the chemical-physical properties. In Level I and IIof which the chemical are hypothesized in equilibrium and no transfer through the media, more than 98％ of acetanilide are estimated to be distributed in water. However, in Level Ⅲ of which non-equilibrium and intermedia transfer could be occurred, the chemical is estimated to distributed to soil as 51.8％ and water as 47.8％ as of total amount.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.235-240
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• 2004

In vitro maturation of denuded porcine immature oocytes can be enhanced by co-incubation with spermatozoa even before fertilization. This study was to determine whether the addition of spermatozoa into the culture medium could influence the nuclear maturation of porcine cumulus-enclosed germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from follicles of 3- to 5-mm diameter. Porcine COCs were cultured in tissue culture medium containing spermatozoa. After 48 h culture, oocytes were examined for evidence of GV breakdown, metaphase I, anaphase-telophase I, and metaphase II. The proportion of oocytes reaching at metaphase II was significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the oocytes cultured in media containing spermatozoa compared to those in media without spermatozoa (52.3% vs 12.5%). No difference in the percentage of metaphase II was observed among the different periods of spermatozoa exposure and among the spermatozoa from different species. The proportion of oocytes reaching metaphase II was significantly different between high and low concentrations of spermatozoa. The present study suggests that manunalian spermatozoa contain a substance(s) that improves nuclear in vitro maturation of porcine cumulus-enclosed GV oocytes. Enhancing effect of spermatozoa for in vitro maturation of oocytes is a highly dose-dependent.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.394-400
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• 2001

다층 박막에서의 빛의 반사와 흡수 및 열전달 방정식을 수치해석적으로 풀어 광기록매체용 다층 박막의 광학적 특성과 열전달 특성을 알아보고 이 두 특성들을 모두 고려하여 광기록에 적합한 레이저의 출력 및 지속시간, 다층 박막 구조 상수를 제시하였다. 그 결과 레이저는 650 nm 파장을 기준으로 출력 18mW, 지속 시간 60 nm가 적당하였으며 박막 구조 상수는 ZnS-SiO$_2$140nm, Ge-Sb-Te 20 nm, ZnS-SiO$_2$20~30nm, Al-alloy 100~150 nm가 적당하였다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.121-125
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• 2019

Chronic exposure to atrazine (ATR) raises concerns about adverse effects on reproductive functions. We tested our previously validated filtering device, the OBP-based filter, onto a biological model constituted of cultured swine granulosa cells treated for 48 h with media conditioned with 0.1 or $10{\mu}M$ ATR evaluating cell viability and steroidogenesis. The tested atrazine concentrations did not change granulosa cell viability and no filtering effects was observed following treatments with media prepared with differently filtered water. As for steroidogenesis, treatment of water with OBP-based filter containing $10{\mu}M$ atrazine completely suppressed the stimulatory effect of $10{\mu}M$ atrazine on progesterone production as well as the inhibitory effect of $0.1{\mu}M$ ATR on estradiol-$17{\beta}$ production by granulosa cells. Our data demonstrate that the impairment of steroidogenesis induced by ATR is effectively removed after water filtration in the experimental device thus suggesting potential use in biotechnological applications on living cells and/or organisms.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2019

Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is a major concern when iodinated contrast material is administered, especially in patients at risk. Efforts have been undertaken to understand the detrimental effects of contrast media (CM). With the use of low-osmolar or iso-osmolar CM the incidence of CA-AKI has steadily decreased within the past decade; however, especially in the pediatric population information is scarce. Incidence rates have been reported to range between 0% to 18.75%, particularly depending on indication, selection of population (i.e. preexisting co-morbidities), and definition of AKI. Different biomarkers have been proposed, but confirmatory studies are either lacking or have contributed to their lack of diagnostic power. Proteomic approaches have been employed and may pave the way to such discovery. Prevention strategies have been tested and proposed, but the recently published AMACING and PRESERVE trials have shown that commonly used strategies (such as systematic hydration or administration of N-acetylcysteine) have no role in the prevention of CA-AKI. We propose that thoughtful assessment of one's fluid state is the most appropriate approach and depending on the hydration status diuretics or fluid administration should be provided to achieve an euvolemic state ahead of contrast exposure.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2021

The activity of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) immobilized in synthetic media (Poly Ethylene Glycol, PEG) and granular form was evaluated comparatively to investigate the effect of influent nitrogen concentration and exposure of oxygen. In ANAMMOX granule reactor, when concentration of influent total nitrogen increased to 500mg/L, removal efficiency of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate were shown to 90.5±6.5, 96.6±4.9, and 93.2±6.1%, respectively. In the case of the PEG gel, it showed lower nitrogen removal performance, resulting in that the removal efficiency of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate were shown to 83.3±13.0, 96.4±6.1, and 90.3±7.5%, respectively. In second step, when exposed to oxygen, the nitrogen removal performance in the ANAMMOX granule reactor also remained stable, but the activity of PEG gel ANAMMOX was found to be inhibited. Consequently, the PEG gel ANAMMOX was a higher sensitivity than that of granular ANAMMOX with two variables applied in this study.