• Title/Summary/Keyword: measles

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A Study on the Disease of King Seonjo of the Joseon Dynasty (조선시대(朝鮮時代) 순조(純祖)의 질병(疾病)에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hoon;Lee, Hai-Woong
    • Journal of Korean Medical classics
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.107-126
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    • 2009
  • King Seonjo, the second son of King Jeongjo, is the twenty-third King of the Joseon Dynasty. He suffered mainly from spleen-stomach weakness syndrome[脾胃虛弱], neurasthenic neurosis and abscess according to the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty[朝鮮王朝實錄]. He experienced chicken pox at the age of twelve, measles at thirteen, smallpox at sixteen. In his twenties he was ill with chronic breakdown due to the spleen-stomach weakness[脾胃虛弱], accompanied by neurasthenia. Abscess occurred during his twenties and the septicemia induced by abscess worsening led him to death. Most treatments were herb-extract medication taken orally, and to some extent ointment care was applied as a cure for abscess.

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Classic of Oriental Medicines in the San-Cheong Region (산청지역의 전통의학 문헌)

  • Ahn, Sang Woo
    • The Journal of Korean Medical History
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2008
  • San-Cheong region is the mountainous region in the southeastern part of Jiri-San where herbs with superior quality has been produced and famous doctors in history of Oriental Medicins such as Eui-Tae Ryu, Yi-Tae Yu, Cho-Gek Huh, and Cho-Sam Huh has lived. The most famous of all is Eui-Tae Ryu, who was a court physician under the reign of Suk-Jong in late 1660s. He wrote many classics on Oriental Medicines such as 痲疹編, a professional literature on measles, 實驗單方, a classic on miscellaneous diseases, 麟西聞見錄. Also, Cho-Gek Huh, and Cho-Sam Huh brothers wrote 晋陽神方, 晋寓神方, and various tales on medicines.

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Update in varicella vaccination (수두백신의 최신지견)

  • Oh, Sung Hee
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.49 no.3
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    • pp.229-234
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    • 2006
  • Varicella, which is mostly a benign disease, but also can cause considerable health burden in the community, can be prevented by immunization with live attenuated varicella vaccine. Higher uptake of varicella vaccine by universal immunization in North America has apparently been associated with decline in the number of reported cases of varicella, varicella-related hospitalizations, and the number of deaths caused by complications of varicella. On the contrary, there has been some reluctance in endorsing varicella vaccine for universal immunization in most of European countries. Concerns include unanticipated outbreaks of varicella among vaccine recipients, risk of varicella among unvaccinated adults, risk of herpes zoster among vaccinees as well as unvaccinees. Recently developed measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella combination vaccine and herpes zoster vaccine that may be licensed in the upcoming years may be the solution for varicella vaccine to be utilized in a greater scale. In Korea several varicella vaccine products have been utilized since late 1980. The adoption of varicella vaccine for universal immunization since 2005 along with the changing view in varicella prevention strategy mandates more studies for immunogenecity and efficacy of varicella vaccines as well as more surveillance to delineate the changes in epidemiology of varicella in Korea.

Varicella Vaccination: Worldwide Status and Provisional Updated Recommendation in Korea (수두 예방접종: 세계적인 현황과 우리나라 접종 스케줄에 대한 제안)

  • Choi, Eun Hwa
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.12-19
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    • 2008
  • Varicella is a highly infectious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus. The varicella vaccine was developed by Michiaki Takahashi in Japan in 1974. Despite the worldwide distribution of efficient vaccines, varicella vaccination policy is extremely variable from country to country. Although varicella vaccine is not currently recommended for universal vaccination in Japan, most countries throughout Europe, and developing countries, it had been introduced into Korea in 1988 and 20 years have elapsed since its use. Currently, varicella vaccine has been most extensively used in the United States where routine 2-dose vaccination program has been recently implemented for children. Recent 2-dose schedule in the United States and the availability of combination measles-rubella-varicella vaccines may lead to future varicella vaccination policy changes in many countries. With this background, this article summarizes the current status of varicella vaccination policies worldwide and presents provisional updated recommendation of varicella vaccination in Korea.

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Polymeric Microspheres As Antigen Delivery Systems

  • Oh, Yu-Kyoung
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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    • 1996.11a
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    • pp.115-120
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    • 1996
  • Vaccination has been considered to be the most effective way to control infectious diseases. Currently, many vaccines used in humans are live-attenuated or killed microorganisms. Polio, mumps, and measles vaccines are live-attenuated. Killed vaccines include cholera and pertussis vaccines, These conventional vaccines, however, suffer from some problems. In the case of live-attenuated vaccines, reversion to virulence is observed in a small but significant number of clinical cases each year. In killed vaccines, due to the possible hazard to employees working with live pathogens, the cost of preparation is high. Killed vaccines also need to be given in multiple doses, Furthermore, both live-attenuated and killed vaccines have possible presence of cellular materials leading to side effects. Moreover, there are diseases such as malaria and hepatitis for which conventional attenuated and killed vaccines are not available because the pathogens cannot be grown in sufficient amounts to allow the classical methods to be used.

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Reappraisal of Live Vaccines and Immunity in These Modern Days (현대에서의 생백신과 이에 대한 면역반응의 재평가)

  • Kim, Kyung Hyo
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.24-30
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    • 2009
  • The vaccines has been developed over the first two hundred years since Jenner's smallpox vaccination. In modern days, vaccination has had the largest impact on the incidence and persistence of infections. Although natural infection induces lifelong immunity, the assumption that the vaccine also confers permanent protection has been reconsidered following outbreaks of measles in students who had been vaccinated 15-20 years prior to infection in the US in the 1980s. Clinical studies have proposed several mechanisms such as vaccine failure in some individuals and the subsequent loss of immunity after vaccination. An ideal vaccine is relatively easy to define, but few real vaccines approach the ideal. Many difficulties account for the failure in producing these ideal vaccines. However, recent advances in methods for studying immune response to pathogens have provided a better understanding of immune mechanisms. Based on these findings, the development of good vaccine formulations allowing stimulation of optimal and prolonged protective immunity and immunization policies or schedules should lead to the introduction of vaccines for previously resistant organisms.

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Asthma has an adverse effect on the production of antibody to vaccines (천식이 예방접종 후 항체 형성에 미치는 영향)

  • Sheen, Youn Ho
    • Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease
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    • v.6 no.6
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    • pp.279-283
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    • 2018
  • Asthma is considered a chronic inflammatory airway disease. Mounting evidence reports that patients with asthma are at significantly higher risk of developing communicable diseases such as invasive pneumococcal disease, Haemophilus influenza, varicella, measles, pertussis and tetanus. While impaired innate immunity may play a role in increased risk of developing these infections, suboptimal adaptive immune responses have also been reported to play a role in asthmatic subjects with regard to increased risk of infections. This review discusses the currently underrecognized immunological effect of asthma on antibody to vaccines and recommends that clinicians be aware of less optimal antibody production in response to vaccines in subjects with asthma.

C-reactive Protein Level in a Variety of Infectious Diseases (감염성 질환들에서 C-반응 단백 값)

  • Kim, Hyo-Jin;You, Jung-Hoon;Lee, Kyung-Yil
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.101-107
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    • 2005
  • Purpose : We evaluated the C-reactive protein(CRP), white blood cell(WBC) and neutrophil levels in the various infectious diseases in a single hospital. Methods : A total of 640 medical records of children with infectious diseases such as bacterial meningitis(19 cases), acute pyelonephritis(55 cases), measles(253 cases), chicken pox (38 cases), mycoplasma pneumonia(160 cases), tsutsugamushi disease(39 cases) and Kawasaki disease(152 cases) admitted to The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon St. Mary's hospital from 1996 to 2002 were retrospectively analyzed. Results : The mean CRP level was $17.9{\pm}6.4mg/dL$ in bacterial meningitis, $9.1{\pm}5.6mg/dL$ in Kawasaki disease, and $8.1{\pm}3.3mg/dL$ in acute pyelonephritis. In the mycoplasma pneumonia and tsutsugamush disease group(atypical bacterial group), the CRP level was $3.2{\pm}2.5mg/dL$, and $1.0{\pm}0.8mg/dL$ in the viral diseases group(measles and chicken pox). There were also significant differences for the WBC count and neutrophil differential between the 3 infectious groups with higher level in the bacterial infections group($15,600{\pm}6,100/mm^3$, $62{\pm}21%$) than in the atypical bacterial infections and in the viral infections group($9,600{\pm}3,300mm^3$, $57{\pm}11%$ and $7,300{\pm}2,900/mm^3$, $49{\pm}16%$, respectively). The inflammatory indices in Kawasaki disease were like those of bacterial infections. There was a correlation between CRP level and WBC or neutrophil count in the bacterial infections and Kawasaki disease groups. Conclusion : The CRP, WBC and neutrophil levels showed a clear difference between the infectious diseases according to causative agents. The WBC and neutrophil level was different according to age in measles and mycoplasma pneumonia. There was a correlation between CRP level and WBC or neutrophil count in the bacterial infections and Kawasaki disease groups.

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