• 제목/요약/키워드: mean recurrence interval

검색결과 66건 처리시간 0.024초

화학 소작술과 전기 소작술을 동시에 활용한 제 4형 새열낭종의 치료 (The Combination Therapy of Chemocauterization and Electrocauterization on Fourth Branchial Cleft Cyst)

  • 이길준;안동빈;손진호
    • 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.94-97
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    • 2018
  • Background and Objectives : Fourth branchial cleft cyst is a rare congenital anomaly which cause a recurrent cervical abscess. Complete excision of fourth branchial cleft cyst is difficult because of a complicated fistula tract. In addition to attempting chemocauterization with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) to avoid surgical complications, authors performed an electrocauterization to close internal opening of pyriform sinus. Materials and Methods : We reviewed ten patients of fourth branchial cleft cyst underwent TCA chemocauterization and electrocauterization simultaneously. Clinical characteristics including patient informations, medical records, treatment results were analyzed retrospectively. Results : Interval time until diagnosed with fourth branchial cleft cyst was variable from several days to decades. Five patients had a history of incision and drainage. Mean follow up period was 36.1 months and all patients were treated with no recurrence. Conclusion : TCA chemocauterization with electrocauterization can be a effective choice to reduce recurrence rate and ensure safety of patients of fourth branchial cleft cyst.

이중층 토양 여과시설을 이용한 도로 강우 유출수 처리성능 평가 (I) - 시설 설계인자 결정을 중심으로 - (Performance Evaluation of a Double Layer Biofilter System to Control Urban Road Runoff (I) - System Design -)

  • 조강우;김태균;이병하;이슬비;송경근;안규홍
    • 상하수도학회지
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.599-608
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    • 2009
  • This manuscript covers the results of field investigation and lab-scale experiments to design a double-layered biofilter system to control urban storm runoff. The biofilter system consisted of a coarse soil layer (CSL) for filtration and fine soil layer (FSL) for adsorption and biological degradation. The variations of flow rate and water quality of runoff from a local expressway were monitored for seven storm events. Laboratory column experiments were performed using seven kinds of soil and mulch to maximize pollutants removal. The site mean concentration (SMC) of storm runoff from the drainage area (runoff coefficient: 0.92) was measured to be 203 mg/L for SS, 307 mg/L for $TCOD_{Cr}$, 12.3 mg/L for TN, 7.3 mg/L for ${NH_4}^+-N$, and 0.79 mg/L for TP, respectively. This study employed a new design concept, to cover the maximum rainfall intensity with one month recurrence interval. Effective storms for last ten years (1998-2007) in seoul suggested the design rainfull intensity to be 8.8 mm/hr Single layer soil column showed the maximum removal rate of pollutants load when the uniformity coefficient of CSL was 1.58 and the silt/clay contents of FSL was virtually 7%. The removal efficiency during operation of double layer soil column was 98% for SS and turbidity, 75% for TCODCr, 56% for ${NH_4}^+-N$, 87% for TP, and 73-91% for heavy metals. The hydraulic conductivity of the soil column, 0.023 cm/sec, suggested that the surface area of the biofilter system should be about 1% of the drainage area to treat the rainfall intensity of one month recurrence interval.

양측 경부곽청술의 임상적 고찰 (A Clinical Study of Synchronous Bilateral Neck Dissection)

  • 김용주;양훈식
    • 대한두경부종양학회지
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.147-152
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    • 1996
  • For advanced head and neck cancers that originate in midline structures, bilateral neck dissection should be considered even if the lymph nodes were negative clinically. But, many complications and mortalities may occur in synchronous bilateral neck dissection at sacrifing of both internal jugular vein. Therefore several types of bilateral neck dissection have been proposed, but the effective and safe methods were not determined yet. So, we have prefered the method of synchronous bilateral neck dissection with preserving one internal jugular vein at least. We operated 21 patients who might be expected high incidences of bilateral neck metastases with above type of neck dissection. We analyzed the data of 21 cases(42 sides) retrospectively. The results were as follows: 1) The primary sites were transglottic(33%), supraglottic(29%), hypopharynx(29%) and tongue base(9%). 2) Types of neck dissection were RND(4 sides), MND(7 sides), FND(16 sides), and SND (15 sides). 3) Postoperative complications were minimal and did not influenced morbidity. 4) Mean interval time of neck recurrence was 21 months. Overall neck recurrent rate after bilateral neck dissecton was 19%. In 19%, neck recurrence from positive lymph nodes was 63% and from negative lymph nodes was 37%. As a results, synchronous bilateral neck dissection with preservation of one internal jugular vein minimally should be done in cases which were suspected high incidence of bilateral lymph node metastases for cure and prevention of neck recurrence.

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Practical estimation of veering effects on high-rise structures: a database-assisted design approach

  • Yeo, DongHun
    • Wind and Structures
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    • 제15권5호
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    • pp.355-367
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    • 2012
  • Atmospheric boundary layer winds experience two types of effects due to friction at the ground surface. One effect is the increase of the wind speeds with height above the surface. The second effect, called the Ekman layer effect, entails veering - the change of the wind speed direction as a function of height above the surface. In this study a practical procedure is developed within a database-assisted design (DAD) framework that accounts approximately for veering effects on tall building design. The procedure was applied in a case study of a 60-story reinforced concrete building, which also considered the dependence of veering effects on the orientation of the building. Comparisons are presented between response estimates that do not account for veering, and account for veering conservatively. For the case studied in this paper veering effects were found to be small.

Updates of Korean Design Standard (KDS) on the wind load assessment and performance-based wind design

  • Han Sol Lee;Seung Yong Jeong;Thomas H.-K. Kang
    • Wind and Structures
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.117-131
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    • 2023
  • Korea Design Standard (KDS) will be updated with two major revisions on the assessment of wind load and performance-based wind design (PBWD). Major changes on the wind load assessment are the wind load factor and basic wind speed. Wind load factor in KDS is reduced from 1.3 to 1, and mean recurrence interval (MRI) for basic wind speed increases from 100 years to 500 years considering the reduction of wind load factor. Additional modification is made including pressure coefficient, torsional moment coefficient and spectrum, and aeroelastic instability. Combined effect of the updates of KDS code on the assessment of wind load is discussed with the case study on the specified sites and building. PBWD is newly added in KDS code to consider the cases with various target performance, vortex-induced vibration, aeroelastic instability, or inelastic behavior. Proposed methods and target performance for PBWD in KDS code are introduced.

Marjolin 궤양으로 발생한 편평 상피암의 치료결과 (Outcomes of Treatment for Squamous Cell Carcinoma Originating as a Marjolin's Ulcer)

  • 김종길;유창은;김정렬
    • 대한골관절종양학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2012
  • 목적: Marjolin 궤양으로 발생한 편평 상피암의 치료결과에 대해 원발성 편평 상피암과 비교 분석하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: Marjolin 궤양에 의한 편평 상피암으로 치료받았던 14예를 대상으로 하였으며, 같은 기간 치료받았던 원발성 편평 상피암 20예를 대조군으로 하였다. 평균 연령은 61.2세였으며, 남자 24예였고, 여자가 10예였다. 두 군간의 발생 부위, 조직학적 분류, 병기, 치료 방법, 전이, 재발, 생존율에 대해 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 평균 추시 기간은 54.8개월(12-168개월)이었다. 국소 재발은 6예에서 발생하였고, 5예는 Marjolin 궤양 군에서, 나머지 1예는 원발성 편평 상피암 군에서 발생하였다. 최초 진단 후 국소 재발까지의 평균 기간은 9개월(2-20개월)이었다. 전이는 총 6예에서 발생하였는데 이들 중 2예(14.3%)는 Marjolin 궤양 군에서, 나머지 4예(20.0%)는 원발성 편평 상피암 군에서 발생하였다. 전이 또는 국소 재발은 총 10예에서 발생하였는데 이들 중 6예는 Marjolin 궤양 군에서, 나머지 4예는 원발성 편평 상피암 군에서 발생하였다. 5년 무병 생존률은 Marjolin 궤양 군에서는 64.3%였고, 원발성 군에서는 95%였다. 결론: Marjolin 궤양에 동반된 편평 상피암은 적극적인 치료에도 불구하고 높은 재발율 및 사망률을 보이므로, 치료 결과를 향상시키는 새로운 치료법에 대한 연구가 요구된다.

Wind-induced tall building response: a time-domain approach

  • Simiu, Emil;Gabbai, Rene D.;Fritz, William P.
    • Wind and Structures
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    • 제11권6호
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    • pp.427-440
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    • 2008
  • Estimates of wind-induced wind effects on tall buildings are based largely on 1980s technology. Such estimates can vary significantly depending upon the wind engineering laboratory producing them. We describe an efficient database-assisted design (DAD) procedure allowing the realistic estimation of wind-induced internal forces with any mean recurrence interval in any individual member. The procedure makes use of (a) time series of directional aerodynamic pressures recorded simultaneously at typically hundreds of ports on the building surface, (b) directional wind climatological data, (c) micrometeorological modeling of ratios between wind speeds in open exposure and mean wind speeds at the top of the building, (d) a physically and probabilistically realistic aerodynamic/climatological interfacing model, and (e) modern computational resources for calculating internal forces and demand-to-capacity ratios for each member being designed. The procedure is applicable to tall buildings not susceptible to aeroelastic effects, and with sufficiently large dimensions to allow placement of the requisite pressure measurement tubes. The paper then addresses the issue of accounting explicitly for uncertainties in the factors that determine wind effects. Unlike for routine structures, for which simplifications inherent in standard provisions are acceptable, for tall buildings these uncertainties need to be considered with care, since over-simplified reliability estimates could defeat the purpose of ad-hoc wind tunnel tests.

위에 발생한 신경내분비 암종 -18예의 위신경내분비 암종의 임상병리학적 고찰- (Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Stomach -A Clinicopathologic Study of 18 Cases-)

  • 김병식;신동규;장세진;최원용;김용진;육정환;오성태
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
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    • 제3권4호
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    • pp.191-194
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    • 2003
  • Purpose: Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the stomach account for only about $0.3\%$ of all gastric tumors. The prognosis of this disease is very poor compared with the common type of gastric adenocarcinoma. The purpose of this retrospective study was to review the clinicopathologic features of 18 cases of this unusual gastric tumor and to establish a treatment strategy for this tumor. Materials and Methods: Excluding 2 cases of non-curative resection and 1 case of operative mortality, 18 cases of typical neuroendocrine carcinoma who had curative resection from January 1991 to December 2000 at Asan Medical Center were analyzed; 6841 gastric cancer patient were treated surgically during the same period. Results: The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 58.6 years (range: $35\∼75$ yr). Sixteen patients were male, and two were female. Eleven tumors ($61.1\%$) developed in the lower part of the stomach, three ($16.7\%$) in the middle part, and three ($16.7\%$) in the upper part. One tumor involved the entire stomach. Eight cases ($44.4\%$) were Borrmann type 2, and six case ($33.3\%$) were Borrmann type 3. The mean tumor size was 6.94 cm (range: $0.6\∼15$ cm). Nine cases ($50\%$) showed recurrence of the disease, and eight of them died within 20 months. Of the nine recurred cases, 7 cases ($77.8\%$) showed liver metastasis. The mean disease-free interval was 6.8 months (range: $2.5\∼11$ months) after surgical resection, and the mean survival was 17.9 months (range: $8\∼40$ months) for recurrence cases. One patient with liver metastasis was treated with a liver-wedge resection just after diagnosis and was still alive for 37.5 months postoperatively. There were 9 deaths after the median follow- up period of 40 months (range: $8\∼72$ months). Conclusion: Gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas frequently recur at the liver, even in early stage cancer, and have a poor prognosis. We experienced a case of successful control of hepatic metastasis by surgical resection and a case of a small cell carcinoma which was successfully controlled with systemic chemotherapy.

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말초성 안면마비 환자의 재발에 대한 임상적 고찰 (Clinical Study on Recurrent Peripheral Facial Nerve Palsy)

  • 신예지;권나현;박현애;우현수;백용현;박동석;고형균
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.29-37
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : This study was performed to categorize and define causes of recurrent peripheral facial nerve palsy. Methods : 54 patients was identified with recurrent peripheral facial nerve palsy among 726 patients who visited the Facial Palsy Center in East-West Neo Medical Center between May 2006 and August 2008. We reviewed the medical records including gender, age, laterality, number of recurrence, primary onset age, interval between recurrences, accompanied disease(e.g. DM, HTN), and axonal loss. Results : Patients whose primary palsy onset was before their second decade had a higher possibility of recurrence and tended to recur more than twice. Double-episode ipsilaterally recurrent group showed definitely worse result of axonal loss compared with non-recurrent group and single-episode ipsilaterally recurrent group. But There was no statistically significant difference between mean axonal loss of the non-recurrent group and single-episode ipsilaterally recurrent group. Conclusions : This study was designed for 54 patients and further studies are necessary.

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Expression of EGFR in Paired New and Recurrent Glioblastomas

  • Cioca, Andreea;Olteanu, Emilian Gheorghe;Gisca, Monica Daniela;Morosanu, Cezar Octavian;Marin, Irina;Florian, Ioan Stefan
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제17권9호
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    • pp.4205-4208
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    • 2016
  • Background: The aim of this study was to analyse the expression of EGFR in newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Materials and Methods: Our study included a total of 48 paired samples collected from 24 patients diagnosed with GBM. The intensity of EGFR cytoplasmatic staining was scored on a scale of 1-3+ (weak, intermediate or strong). Results: We found EGFR overexpression in 23 patients (96%) with newly diagnosed GBM, while all recurrent tumours overexpressed EGFR. Ten recurrent tumours (42%) had a lower expression than their new counterpart 13 tumours (54%) had a similar expression, and only one case (2%) had increased expression on recurrence. The expression of EGFR in newly diagnosed GBM was significantly correlated with EGFR expression in recurrent tumour (p = 0.036). In addition, new GBMs with strong EGFR expression had a mean relapse-free interval of 11.5 months (p=0.017). A benefit of combined therapy was observed in the radiotherapy-plus-chemotherapy group where the average time was 11 months (p=0.011), as compared with surgery/radiotherapy alone (average time 6.8 months). Conclusions: The present data show that EGFR is overexpressed in paired GBMs. The discrepancies of EGFR expression between the primary tumour and the recurrence suggest heterogeneity of GBMs but also unity at relapse.