• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.359-364
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the vibration absorption effect for the agricultural product transportation-trailer equipped with vibration absorbable connecting hitch, leaf spring suspension, and shock absorber simultaneously (HLS), comparing with the trailer equipped with vibration absorbable connecting hitch only(H), trailer equipped with connecting hitch and leaf spring suspension (HL), and existing trailer with no vibration absorption device (E). Methods: Vertical accelerations were measured at driver seat and front, middle, rear parts of trailer bottom with no load for 4 types of transportation-trailer, and analyzed using FFT analyzer. Results: The magnitude of average vibration accelerations occurred up to 20 Hz, at this low frequencies the severe damage for agricultural products could be represented, was lower (maximum 6 times) for HLS trailer compared with H trailer. And vibration absorption effect for HLS trailer was also higher up to 40-80 Hz and 80-100 Hz, but the difference was less. At driver seat, the vibration absorption effect was high severely for HL and HLS trailer, and the magnitude of vibration acceleration was showed less difference in comparing at trailer bottom. Conclusions: From the test results, it could be recommended that the agricultural products transportation trailer should be equipped with vibration absorption device of HLS.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.3015-3020
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• 2014

The behavior of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dione (BPQ) in aqueous solution and its interaction with native DNA was investigated using conventional absorption and linear dichroism (LD) spectroscopy. The appearance of a broad absorption maximum at long wavelengths and its proportional relationship to solvent polarizability suggested that BPQ adopts a aggregated state for all solutions examined. Disappearance of this absorption band at higher temperatures in aqueous solution also supported BPQ aggregation. When associated with DNA absorption spectral properties were essentially the same as that in aqueous solution. However, two isosbestic wavelengths were found in the concentration-dependent absorption spectrum of the BPQ-DNA complex, suggesting the presence of at least two or more DNA-bound BPQ species. Both species produced $LD^r$ spectra whose magnitude in BPQ absorption region is larger or comparable to that in the DNA absorption region, suggesting that the molecular BPQ plane is near perpendicular relative to the local DNA helical axis. Therefore, BPQ molecules are aligned along the DNA stem in both DNA-aggregated BPQ species.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.51-63
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• 1997

The effect of cimetidine administration on the pharmacokinetic parameters of cyclosporine were determined in healthy voluteers. This study was performed in 10 volunteers of age ranged 22-48 years and body weight 48-62 kg. This study was performed with cross-over design. Mono cyclosporine and cyclosporine metabolites was extracted from whole blood analysed by fluororescence polarization immune assay (TDX-FLX, Abbott). After coadministration of cimetidine (300 mg) with cyclosporine (300 mg) orally, maximum concentration of mono cyclosporine was significantly increased $1221{\pm}143\;ng/ml\;to\;1562{\pm}184\;ng/ml$ (P<0.05), area under the time curve of cyclosporine (12 hr) also was significantly increased $7478{\pm}829\;ng/ml{\cdot}hr\;to\;9721{\pm}879\;ng/ml{\cdot}hr$ (P<0.05) and absolute baioavailability of cyclosporine was increased $50\pm5.6\%\;to\;57.6\pm6.1\%\;(P<0.05)$ compared to control group. The blood concentrations of cyclopsorine metabolites were significantly decrased (P<0.05) after coadministration of cimetidine. In cimetidine pretreated group, blood mono cyclosporine concentrations were increased significan시y $1220.0\pm203.00\;ng/ml\;to\;1510.0\pm204.00\;ng/ml$ compared with control group (P<0.05). In the mono cyclosporine pharmacokinetic parameter after oral administration absorption rate and maximum concentration were significantly higher in cimetidine coadministered and pretreated group than control group (P<0.05). The ratio of metabolites and mono cyclosporine concentrations was decreased significantly from $70.8\%\;in\;control\;to\;34.8\%$ in coadministration of cimetidine orally. As matter of facts these reults are considered to inhibition of cyclosporine hepatic metabolism and increasing of cyclosporine absorption rate in gastrointestinal tract because of maintaining cyclosporine stability in elevated gastric pH by cimetidine. We considered, it appeares that cimetidine increase bioavailability of cyclosporine by increasing oral absorption and by decreasing hepatic clearance. But the absorption and clearance of cyclosporine was highly variable individually, and therefore we consider that cyclosporine blood level monitoring would be essential in patients with cimetidine co-administration.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.525-531
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• 2011

Two dimensional (2D) arrays of noble metal nanoparticles are widely used in the sensing of nanoscale biological and chemical events. Research in this area has sparked considerable interest in many fields owing to the novel optical properties, e.g., the localized surface plasmon resonance, of these metallic nanoarrays. In this paper, we report successes in fabricating 2D arrays of gold nano-islands using nanosphere lithography. The reproducibility and the effectiveness of the nano-patterning method are tested by means of spin coating and capillary force deposition. We found that the capillary force deposition method was more effective for nanospheres with diameters greater than 600 nm, whereas the spin coating method works better for nanospheres with diameters less than 600 nm. The optimal deposition parameters for both methods were reported, showing about 80% reproducibility. In addition, we characterize gold nano-island arrays both geometrically with AFM as well as optically with UV-VIS spectrometry. The AFM images revealed that the obtained nano-arrays formed a hexagonal pattern of truncated tetrahedron nano-islands. The experimental and theoretical values of the geometric parameters were compared. The 2D gold nano-arrays showed strong LSPR in the absorption spectra. As the nano-islands increased in size, the LSPR absorption bands became red-shifted. Linear dependence of the plasmon absorption maximum on the size of the gold nano-islands was identified through the increment in the plasmon absorption maximum rate for a one nanometer increase in the characteristic length of the nano-islands. We found that the 2D gold nano-arrays showed nearly seven-fold higher sensitivity of the absorption spectrum to the size of the nano-islands as compared to colloidal gold nano-particles.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.185-196
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• 1988

The inflence of hydrophilic vehicles on percutaneous absorption rate of griseofulvin was studied using intact skin of full thickness of hairless rat. The in vitro absorption rates were used as the characteristics for deciding the optimum formula of ointment vehicles. The optimum formula of vehicle compositions for maximum absorption rate was obtained from the polynomial regression equation and the two graphical techniques, contour graph and partial derivative graph. It was composed of sodium lauryl sulfate (1.65 W /W%), white petrolatum (16.5 W /W%), propylene glycol (12.0 W /W%), and stearyl alcohol (19.6W /W%). The experimental value obtained from the optimum formula and the prediction value were 33.99 and 33.87 ${\mu}g/\sqrt{min}$, respectively. From these results, it was believed that optimum formula for semisolid dosage forms could be obtained from the application of the optimization technique used in this study.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.61-68
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• 1985

The modeling of interception and absorption of light was studied in plant canopies at Mt. Kwanak. Followering results were obtained. Light intensity passing through the stacked leaves is attenuated exponentially. This phenomenon seems to be more clearly applied to the plant canopies, if they have large cumulative leaf area and are matured densely. Light interception and absorption are influenced by leaf thickness, shape pigments, and leaf area, and they have great effect on the maturation of canopies. It was confirmed that the light penetrating through the stratified canopies is decreased exponentially in dual pattern. The cumulative leaf area of a definite space in a certain plant canopy is the same as the growth of leaf area of the canopy at that time. A hypothetical model for calculating the light absorption in plant canopies, was established on the bases of phenomena that incident light is captured at the maximum level and light inerception effect is minimized by leaves.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.18-22
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• 2008

The electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption properties with a variation of crystallization annealing temperature have been investigated in a sheet-type absorber using the $Fe_{73}Si_{16}B_7Nb_3Cu_1$ alloy powder. With increasing the annealing temperature the complex permeability (${\mu}_r$), permittivity (${\varepsilon}_r$) and power absorption changed. The EM wave absorber shows the maximum permeability and permittivity after the annealing at $610^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour, and its calculated power absorption is above 80% of input power in the frequency range over 1.5 GHz.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 1975

The optical properties of the sea water were studied by use of underwater lux-meters in the coastal waters of Busan from May to November 1975. The absorption coefficient of the sea water in the area ranges from O. 169 to 1. 049 and the mean absorpflOn coefficient is 0.413. Maximum monthly mean absorption coefficient (0. 56) was observed in August, while the minimum was O. 338 in September. There was a distinct discontinuity layer of the absorption coefficient in accordance with the thermocline and the halocline in summer. The mean transparency of the area was 3. 8 meters, and transparency in autumn was higher than that in summer. The relation between absorption coefficient (m) and transparency (D) was deduced, m=1. 57/ D. The rate of light penetration at 5 m-layer of sea water was 2. 5 percent when the solar altitude was six degree in July 1975.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.57-60
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• 1998

Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) was synthesized by use of FeCl$_3$ as a oxidizing agent at $25^{\circ}C$. The infrared spectrum of our polymer gave good evidence for the conjugation of 3-hexylthiophene monomer unit. P3HT contains the HT(head-to-tail) linkage larger than 64% based on NMR analysis. Electronic absorption and photoluminescence studies show that cast films of P3HT have three exciting state. Absorption spectrum was separated with three maximum peaks by Giese-French method and shifted to the shorter wavelength with increasing temperature. Separated absorption spectrum of P3HT is well adapted to PL peak appeared at longer wavelength. Low temperature PL spectrum is well separated at 669nm, 733nm and 812nm.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.31-34
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• 1997

A reversible scalar phenomena in amorphous As$_{40}$ Ge$_{10}$ Se$_{15}$ S$_{35}$ have been investigated by blue-pass-filtered Hg lamp and He-Ne laser. Annealing causes the shift of the absorption edge to shelter wavelengths approximately 0.17ev, also illumination moves it to longer wavelengths about 0.05 ~ 0.07eV and it increases the refractive index maximum 0.3. Therefore the thermalbleaching(TB) and photodarkening(PD) effects have been understood by the results related to optical absorption characteristics. TB could be estimated as increasing the stabilization of amorphous chalcogenide films since absorption slope of extended regions(U) was not changed by annealing. On the other hand, PD could be understood as due to the enhancement of disorder since the slope of Urbach’s tail(1/F) around an absorption edge were decreased by illumination.ion.n.