• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2014

Objectives : Zizyphi spinosi Semen is widely used for treating insomnia in korea and other oriental country. This study is analyzing combination tendency of Zizyphi spinosi Semen in herbal formula for treating insomnia. Methods : Herbal formulas for treating insomia were searched in "The Prescription Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine", and checked in each literary source. Then, the herbal formula was divided in two groups : FCZ(The formula group containing Zizyphi spinosi Semen) and FWZ(The formula group without Zizyphi spinosi Semen). FCZ and FWZ were compared by following criteria; i) Prevalence of herbal formula by period ii) Prevalence of medicinal material's effects iii) Prevalence of medicinal material iv) Prevalence of the nature of midicinals v) Prevalence of flavor of medicinals vi) Prevalence of meridian entry. Results : 116 Herbal formula met our criteria, and herbal formulas were divided in two groups : FCZ(n=59), FWZ(n=57). The result of prevalence in FCZ is following; Herbal formula prevalence increased as time passed to the Qing(淸) dynasty. Tonifying and replenishing medicinal(補益藥), tranquillizing medicinal (安神藥), and inducing diuresis to drain dampness medicinal(利水滲濕藥) are the three most prevalent types of materia medica. In specifically, Panax ginseng radix(人蔘), Liriopis Tuber(麥門冬), Angelicae Gigantis Radix(當歸), Poria Cocos(茯神), Glycyrrhizae Radix(甘草), Poria cocos(茯神), Polygalae Radix(遠志), Thuja Orientalis L.(柏子仁), Paeonia Japonica(白芍藥), and HgS(硃砂) are combined frequently. The most prevalent nature of medicinals were 'warm microwarm(溫 微溫)' and flavor of medicinals was normal(平). Meridian entrys that frequently combined were heart(心), spleen(脾), and liver(肝). Conclusion : We found combination tendency of Zizyphi Semen in herbal formula for treating insomnia.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.377-383
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 4-hexylresorcinol and hydroxyapatite combination graft on bone regeneration in the rabbit calvarial defect model. Methods: Ten New Zealand white rabbits were used for this study. Bilateral round shaped defects (diameter: 8.0 mm) were created on the parietal bone. 4-hexylresorcinol and hydroxyapatite combination graft material was grafted into the right parietal bone defect area (experimental). The left bone defect area was not filled with anything (control). The animals were sacrificed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after grafting. A micro-computerized tomography of each specimen was taken, and the specimens were stained for histological analysis. Results: The average value of bone mineral density (BMD) and Bone volume (BV) was higher in the experimental group than in the control group at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after surgery. However, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05) at 8 weeks after grafting. The BMD and BV in the experimental group at 4 weeks after surgery was significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: 4-hexylresorcinol and hydroxyapatite combination graft material showed higher initial bone formation than the control, however, there was no difference at 8weeks after operation.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.370-384
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• 2016

Computer-aided materials design requires new modeling approaches to characterize and represent fine-grained geometric structures and material compositions at multiple scales. Recently, a dual-Rep approach was developed to model materials microstructures based on a new basis function, called surfacelet. As a combination of implicit surface and wavelets, surfacelets can efficiently identify and represent planar, cylindrical, and ellipsoidal geometries in material microstructures and describe the distribution of compositions and properties. In this paper, these primitive surfacelets are extended and composite surfacelets are proposed to model more complex geometries. Composite surfacelets are constructed by Boolean operations on the primitives. The surfacelet transform is applied to match geometric features in three-dimensional images. The composition of the material near the identified features can then be modeled. A cubic surfacelet and a v-joint surfacelet are developed to demonstrate the reverse engineering process of retrieving material compositions from material images.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1750-1756
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• 2011

After Kyoto Protocol was adopted for green gas reduction, each nations are stepping up efforts to reduce $CO_2$ of a typical green gas. Construction industry also is trying $CO_2$ reduction with the techniques of two types which are software and hardware techniques. The software technique are Passive Design considered green gas emission and the environment impact assessment by LCA. The hardware techniques are adjustment of equipment system and development of eco- friendly material. But, it is nonexistent that a study related to $CO_2$ emission considered detail process in construction industry. This study analyzed the relativeness of equipment combination and $CO_2$ emission by calculate $CO_2$ emission follow to equipment combination on earth-work which is the process emitted most $CO_2$ among railway bedding construction.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2002

The changes of conventional clarification process and an increase in treatment cost are required to meet increasingly stringent regulations related to the treated water quality. Although many enhanced coagulations have introduced to improve organic matter removal, the results to remove color, nitrogen and phosphorus as well as organic material have not been very efficient yet. The removal of waste matters such as SS, organic matter, color and turbidity contained in dyeing wastewater was carried out by using the combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate. The flocculation was investigated as a function of coagulant dose, pH, mixing time, settling time and coagulant addition modes such as the sequential addition of the two coagulants and the simultaneous addition of them. The flocculation by the combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate was compared with that by aluminum sulfate. The mechanism of flocculation was investigated as well. About 84% of color in dyeing watewater was removed by flocculation with combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2002

The changes of conventional clarification processe and an increase in treatment cost are required to meet increasingly stringent regulations related to the treated water quality. Although many enhanced coagulations have introduced to improve organic matter removal, the results to remove color, nitrogen and phosphorus as well as organic material have not been very efficient yet. In this context as new flocculation using calcium hydroxide and magnesum sulfate was carried out. The removal of waste matters such as SS, organic matter, COD, nitrogen and phosphorus contained in stock wastewater was carried out by using the combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate. The flocculation was investigated as a function of coagulant dose, pH, mixing time, settling time and coagulant addition modes such as the sequential addition of the two coagulants and the simultaneous addition of them. The flocculation by the combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate was compared with that by aluminum sulfate. The mechanism of flocculation was investigated as well. About 60% of COD in stock watewater was removed by flocculation with combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate.

• 동굴
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• 제78호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

The combination of mechano-chemical activation (MCA)and Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) has widened the technical possibilities for both methods. For YBCO systems the investigation showed that a short-term MCA of initial powders before SHS leads to single-phase and ultra-fine products. A new technique for preparation ultra-fine high-temperature superconductors (HTS) of YBCO composition with a grain size d <1m is developed using combination of MCA and SHS. The specific feature of the technique is formation of the $YBa_2Cu_3O_7-$ crystalline lattice directly from an X-ray amorphous state arising as a result of mechanical activation of the original oxide mixture. The technique allows the stage of formation of any intermediate reaction products to be ruled out. X-ray and magnetic studies of ultra-fine high temperature superconductors are carried out. Dimension effects associated with the microstructure peculiarities are revealed. A considerable enhancement of inter-grain critical currents is found to take place in the ultra-fine samples.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2022

Recently, various clothing items are being developed using 3D printing technology, but comfort has become an issue while wearing them for a long time. Therefore, this study researched on how the temperature and humidity of the devices developed by 3D printing change depending on the material combination. Five types of material combinations (EVA foam, TPU density 10%, TPU density 30%, EVA foam+TPU density 10%, and EVA foam+TPU density 30%) were selected as variables, and the experiment was conducted for two different cases with and without a cover. All the ten types of samples were placed on the hot plate set at 36℃, and the surface temperature and humidity were measured at three different points for 10 minutes. As a result, the case with only TPU showed the greatest temperature change while the case with 100% EVA foam showed the least temperature change. The humidity of the surface layer gradually decreased with time for 100% EVA foam. For the case with TPU materials, the moisture was transferred to the surface layer at first, thereby increasing the humidity but then dropped significantly. Meanwhile, the cases with the cover on showed similar tendencies of change in both temperature and humidity where the overall temperature and humidity delivery were slow.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.311-322
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• 2023

In this study, the properties of various material combinations were evaluated and an ideal material for fabricating protection pads for women's army combat uniforms was determined. Eight specimens were used for the evaluation: two types of materials, namely thermoplastic polyurethane for 3D printing, T and ethylene-vinyl acetate, E; two infill densities, namely 10%, 10 and 30%, 30; two types of pad designs, i.e., without holes, A and with holes, B; 2×2×2=8 and control E. The tensile strength, flexural strength, impact absorption, and weight of these specimens were evaluated. Results revealed that E was the most flexible material; however, its tensile strength and impact absorption were very low. Protection pads made from T (T-10A, T-10B, T-30A, and T-30B) had excellent tensile strength and impact absorption; however, they had low performance in ease of movement. Alternatively, protection pad with holes and an infill density of 30% produced using a combination of T and E had a high initial tensile modulus and exhibited excellent impact absorption. Moreover, it was flexible and light, which satisfies the standards and conditions required by protection pads. However, if T-E-10A and T-E-30B exhibited low impact absorption, as required, they can be regarded as appropriate materials for protection pads.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.837-851
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• 1999

In order to inverstigate interactive effects of Samultang(SMT) and SMT composition and the principle of prescription, I examined the effects of SMT and combination of three components of SMT, In C57BL/6 mouse with oral administration of SMT and cyclophosphamide(CTX) treatment, white blood cells, platelet were counted. Also, those were anti-anemia effect for rat which have hemolytic anemia induced by phenylhydrazine. The results were summerized as follows : 1. In vivo analysis of the effect of the SMT by orally administrated C57BL/6 mice with the SMT and was treated with cyclophosphamide (CTX). When the number of white blood cell. platelet was counted, there was ameliorative effects of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia as a protection to CTX. 2. It was acknowledged that SMT and its composition increased RBC count and hemlytic significantly in rat which have hemolytic anemia. 3. Among SMT composition Angelicae gigantis Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma solution and among the combination group Rehmanniae Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma combination and SMT solution showed significant effects for hemoglobin and weight of spleen in mouse which have hemolytic anemia. Thus it was acknowledged that Rehmanniae Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma combination had effect to improve hemoglobin and weight of spleen. From above these results it was acknowledged that SMT has effects that ameliorative effects of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia as a protection to CTX and anti-anemic effect for the rat which have hemolytic anemia induced by phenylhydrazine and these effects depend upon its combination of SMT composition. Especially it was acknowleged, though there are the slight difference according to combination, that Paeoniae Radix Alba combination had improving effect for physical change. So it is though that Paeoniae Radix Alba is main material for this kind of disease and continuous study is needed.