• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.281-285
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• 2008

냉간단조금형(Cold Forging Die)의 다이블록(Dieblock)을 제작하는 방법 중의 하나로, 다이블록 제작용 재료를 면가공 하여 다이블록 상면(上面)을 마스터펀치(Master Punch)인 호브(Hob)로 압입(Indentation) 시켜 절삭가공((Cutting Work)이 아닌 다이호빙(Die Hobbing) 방법으로 임프레션(Impression)을 성형하여 제작하고 있다. 이 방법에 의하여 다이블록의 재료를 합금공구강(Alloy Tool Steel)인 SKD11을 사용하여 제작하고, 스테인리스판(Stainless Sheet Metal)을 제품 재료로 하여 냉간단조가공(Cold Forging Work)을 수행하였더니 6,000 스트로크(Stroke)에서 금형수명(Die Life)을 다 하고 파손되었다. 본 논문에서는 다이블록 재료를 고속도공구강(High Speed Tool Steel)인 SKH51로 교체 제작하고, 탄소강(Carbon Steel)인 S45C를 제품 재료로 하여 냉간단조가공을 수행하였더니 21,000 스트로크에서 금형수명을 다하고 파손되어 종래의 방법과 비교 검토하였을 때 350%의 금형수명 연장 효과를 얻게 되었다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2020

The powder manufacturing process using the gas atomizer process is easy for mass production, has a fine powder particle size, and has excellent mechanical properties compared to the existing casting process, so it can be applied to various industries such as automobiles, electronic devices, aviation, and 3D printers. In this study, a modified A4032-xSn (x = 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 wt.%) alloy with low melting point properties is investigated. After maintaining an argon (Ar) gas atmosphere, the main crucible is tilted; containing molten metal at 1,000℃ by melting the master alloy at a high frequency, and Ar gas is sprayed at 10 bar gas pressure after the molten metal inflow to the tundish crucible, which is maintained at 800℃. The manufactured powder is measured using a particle size analyzer, and FESEM is used to observe the shape and surface of the alloy powder. DSC is performed to investigate the change in shape, according to the melting point and temperature change. The microstructure of added tin (Sn) was observed by heat treatment at 575℃ for 10 min. As the content of Sn increased, the volume fraction increased to 1.1, 3.1, 6.4, and 10.9%.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.342-350
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• 2003

Statement of problem. Titanium-Nickel alloy might be used in various prosthetic restorations since it has a unique property such as super-elasticity and high fatigue resistance. However, little is known about the casting ability of this alloy. Purpose. This in vitro study compared the casting accuracy and the porosity made with different investments and various sprue designs to ascertain what casting condition would be better for the fabrication of Ti-Ni cast restorations. Material and methods. A total of 70 Ti-Ni alloy crowns were made and divided into 7 groups of 10 copings on a metal master die. For measuring the effect of the sprue numbers, two groups with one and two 8-gauge sprues were compared. Moreover, the results of the conventional sprue and the double thickness sprues were compared. Three investments were used; carbon free phosphate bonded investment, titanium investment and gypsum bonded investment. The cast restorations were evaluated at 48 points on the entire circumferential margin with a stereomicroscope measuring in micrometers. Each crown was radiographically examined for casting defects and porosity. Data on casting accuracy were analyzed using two-way and Post hoc Scheffe's comparison to determine whether significant differences existed at the 95% confidence level. Student-Newman-Keuls test were performed to identify significant differences in the number of voids. Results. The double sprueing group and double thickness group had significantly less marginal discrepancy than the single sprueing group (P<.05 and P<.01, respectively). The castings with phosphate bonded investment showed the least marginal discrepancy and the smoothest surface. The castings invested in the gypsum bonded investment had the greatest gaps in margin and the largest failure rate. The double sprueing group and phosphate bonded investment group had significantly smaller void numbers and smaller void size than the other groups. Conclusion. Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the casting accuracy of the groups using thicker, double sprue design and the phosphate bonded investment was significantly superior. Moreover, void number and size were less than other groups.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제47권9호
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• pp.533-541
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• 2009

Materials used for a reactor pressure vessel(RPV) are required high strength and toughness, which determine the safety margin and life of a reactor. Ni-Mo-Cr low alloy steel shows better mechanical properties than existing RPV steels due to higher Ni and Cr contents compared to the existing RPV steels. The present study focuses on effects of Ni, Cr contents on the cleavage fracture toughness of Ni-Mo-Cr low alloy steels in the transition temperature region. The fracture toughness was characterized by a 3-point bend test of precracked Charpy V-notch(PCVN) specimens based on ASTM E1921-08. The test results indicated that the fracture toughness was considerably improved with an increase of Ni and Cr contents. Especially, control of Cr content was more effective in improving fracture toughness than manipulating Ni content, though Charpy impact toughness was changed more extensively by adjusting Ni content. These differences between changes in the fracture toughness and that in the impact toughness were derived from microstructural features, such as martensite lath size and carbide precipitation behavior.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.68-74
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• 2015

본 실험에서는 리튬이차전지의 고용량 음극활물질로 주목받는 Si 합금의 부피팽창을 억제하기 위한 방법의 하나인 비활성-matrix상을 이용하고, 상태도를 이용하여 동일한 용량을 발현하는 Si계 이원계 합금 (Cr-Si, Ni-Si) 조성에서의 미세구조 및 전기화학적 특성을 비교/분석하였다. 급속응고공정(Rapid Solidification Process, Melt-spinning법)를 이용하여 동일조건하에서 리본 모양의 합금을 제작하였고, 제작된 리본합금은 동일조건에서 분쇄하여 X-선회절 (X-Ray Diffraction) 분석을 실시하였다. XRD 분석 결과, 상태도에서 예측된 것과 같이, 두 합금 모두 Si 상 및 비활성-matrix상($CrSi_2$ 및 $NiSi_2$)이 관찰되었으며, 이외의 제3의 상은 관찰되지 않았다. 또한, 주사전자현미경(SEM, Scanning Electron Microscope) 및 투과전자현미경-에너지분산분광법(TEM-EDS, Transmission Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy)으로 미세구조를 살펴본 결과 Cr-Si 합금의 미세구조가 Ni-Si 합금보다 fine한 것을 알 수 있었고 이것은 상태도로부터 예측 가능하였다. 두 합금 조성에서 미세구조에 따른 전기화학적 특성을 비교 평가하기 위해 코인형 하프셀과 풀셀로 충방전 실험을 진행하였고 이와 별도로, 전극의 두께변화 측정이 가능하게 설계된 시험셀을 이용하여 반응 중 Si의 수축팽창을 측정하였다. coarse한 미세구조를 가진 Ni-Si 합금보다 fine한 미세구조를 갖는 Cr-Si 합금의 전극팽창이 비교적 잘 억제됨을 확인하였고, 충방전에 따른 수명 내구성도 우수함을 확인하였다. 이런 결과들로부터 합금의 조성에 따른 미세구조, 체적변화 및 전기화학적 열화와의 연관성을 유추할 수 있었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.337-344
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• 2015

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 지대치 삭제의 정확도와 metal coping의 변연적합도와의 상관관계를 알아보는 데 있다. 이를 통해, 세 가지 다른 제작 방식 (주조, milling, 기법)이 이 상관관계에 미치는 영향을 비교해 보고자 한다. 재료 및 방법: 두 개의 master medel을 서로 다른 방식으로 제작하였다; 첫 번째 모델은 치과의사에 의해 deep chamfer margin을 가지도록 지대치 삭제된 것이고, 두 번째 모델은 3-D designing software program을 이용하여 동일한 삭제원칙에 따라 제작되었다. 각각의 모델에 대하여 세 가지 제작 방식으로 코발트-크롬 코핑을 12개씩 제작하여, 총 72개의 시편을 얻었다. 각 시편을 master model상에 적합시키고 공초점 레이저 주사 현미경으로 변연적합도를 측정하였다. 결과: SLS system (P=.0231)과 주조방식(P<.0001)에서는 computer designed model이 hand prepared model에 비하여 유의하게 우수한 변연적합도를 보였다. 그러나 milling group에서는 두 모델 간에 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다(P=.9962). 결론: 본 연구에 한하여, 지대치 삭제의 정확도가 금속 코핑의 변연적합도에 미치는 영향은 그 제작 방식에 따라 달랐다. 제작 방식에 따른 변연적 합도는 SLS system이 가장 우수하였고 지대치 삭제의 정확도에 의해 영향을 받았다. 한편, milling 방식은 세 가지 방식 중 가장 큰 변연 격차를 나타내었으며 지대치 삭제의 정확도에 영향을 받지 않았다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to determine the marginal fit of recasting by used nickel-chromium metal alloys, Hi-Crown, New-Crown and CB-80. Ninety crown prosthetics were divided into eighteen groups according to new to old metal ratios. Each crown was seated on its master die and then the marginal gaps were measured under optical microscope($\times$50). All groups were showed good marginal fit, except group 3 of Hi-Crown(156$\mu$m). The results suggest that the marginal fit of Ni-Cr metal alloy casting bodies were good as without concerned to mixed ratios and metals.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.522-527
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• 2004

Nano sized FeAl intermetallic particles were successfully synthesized by plasma arc discharge pro-cess. The synthesized powders shouted core-shell structures with the particle size of 10-20 nm. The core was metallic FeAl and shell was composed of amorphous $AI_{2}O_{3}\;and\;a\;little\;amount\;of\;metallic\;Fe_{3}O_{4}.$ Because of the difference of Fe and Al vapor pressure during synthesis, the Al contents in the nanoparticles depended on the Al contents of master alloy.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.362-365
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• 2000

Rapid Prototyping(RP) techniques have revolutionized traditional manufacturing methods. These techniques allow the user to fabricate a part directly from a conceptual model before investing in production tooling and help develop new models with significant short time. This paper suggests to new process to manufacture large size hollow shape parts for prototype-car using Rapid Prototyping technology and Vacuum Molding with the reduction of delivery time. In addition, This paper introduces the dividing and combining method to make large size RP master model in spite of the limit of the build chamber dimensions of commercialized RP system and post-processing method to achieve sufficient surface quality.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part2
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• pp.933-934
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• 2006

The present study examines the sintering behaviour and effect of manganese addition both mechanically-blended and mechanically alloyed on Cr-Mo low alloyed steels to enhance the mechanical properties. Mn sublimation during sintering provides some specific phenomena which facilitate the sintering of alloying elements with high oxygen affinity. First step is the optimization of milling time to attain a master alloy with 50% of Mn which is diluted in Fe-1.5Cr-0.2Mo water atomized prealloyed powder by normal mixing. These mixtures are pressed to a green density of $7.1g/cm^3$ and sintered at $1120^{\circ}C$ in $90N_2-10H_2$ atmosphere.