• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.13-26
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the association between health risk factors and mortality in Juam cohort. Methods: The subjects were 1,447 males and 1,889 females who had been followed up for 68.5 months to 1 January 2001. Whether they were alive or not was confirmed by the mortality data of the National Statistical Office. A total of 289 persons among them died during the follow-up period. The Cox's proportional hazard regression model was used for survival analysis. Results: Age, type of medical insurance, self cognitive health level, habit of alcohol drinking, smoking, exercise and BMI level were included in Cox's proportional hazard model by gender. The hazard ratio of age was 1.07(95% CI: 1.05-1.10) in men, 1.09(95% CI: 1.06-1.12) in women. The hazard ratio of medical aid(lower socioeconomic state) was 1.43(95% CI 1.02-2.19) in women. The hazard ratios of current alcohol drinking and current smoking were respectively 1.69(95% CI: 1.01-2.98), 1.52(95% CI: 1.02-2.28) in women. The hazard ratio of underweight was 1.56(95% CI 1.08-2.47) in men. The hazard ratios of underweight, normoweight, overweight, and obesity were respectively 1.63(95% CI: 1.02-2.67), 1.0(referent), 0.62(95% CI: 0.32-1.63), 1.27(95% CI: 0.65-3.06), which supported the U-shaped relationship between body mass index and mortality among the men over 65. Conclusions: The health risk factors increasing mortality were age, underweight in male, age, lower socioeconomic state, current alcohol drinking, current smoking in female. To evaluate long-term association between health risk factors and mortality, further studies need to be carried out.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1083-1087
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• 2013

Background: Colorectal cancer has several modifiable behavioural risk factors but their relationship to the risk of colon and rectum cancer separately and between countries with high and low incidence is not clear. Methods: Data from participants in the Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration (APCSC) were used to estimate mortality from colon (International Classification of Diseases, revision 9 (ICD-9) 153, ICD-10 C18) and rectum (ICD-9 154, ICD-10 C19-20) cancers. Data on age, body mass index (BMI), serum cholesterol, height, smoking, physical activity, alcohol and diabetes mellitus were entered into Cox proportional hazards models. Results: 600,427 adults contributed 4,281,239 person-years follow-up. The mean ages (SD) for Asian and Australia/New Zealand cohorts were 44.0 (9.5) and 53.4 (14.5) years, respectively. 455 colon and 158 rectum cancer deaths were observed. Increasing age, BMI and attained adult height were associated with increased hazards of death from colorectal cancer, and physical activity was associated with a reduced hazard. After multiple adjustment, any physical activity was associated with a 28% lower hazard of colon cancer mortality (HR 0.72, 95%CI 0.53-0.96) and lower rectum cancer mortality (HR 0.75, 95%CI 0.45-1.27). A 2cm increase in height increased colon and all colorectal cancer mortality by 7% and 6% respectively. Conclusions: Physical inactivity and greater BMI are modifiable risk factors for colon cancer in both Western and Asian populations. Further efforts are needed to promote physical activity and reduce obesity while biological research is needed to understand the mechanisms by which they act to cause cancer mortality.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.258-264
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Diet quality scores or indices, based on dietary guidelines, are used to summarize dietary intake into a single numeric variable. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the modified diet quality index for Koreans (DQI-K) and mortality among Health Examinees-Gem (HEXA-G) study participants. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The DQI-K was modified from the original diet quality index. A total of 134,547 participants (45,207 men and 89,340 women) from the HEXA-G study (2004 and 2013) were included. The DQI-K is based on eight components: 1) daily protein intake, 2) percent of energy from fat, 3) percent of energy from saturated fat, 4) daily cholesterol intake, 5) daily whole-grain intake, 6) daily fruit intake, 7) daily vegetable intake, and 8) daily sodium intake. The association between all-cause mortality and the DQI-K was examined using Cox proportional hazard regression models. Hazard ratios and confidence intervals were estimated after adjusting for age, gender, income, smoking status, alcohol drinking, body mass index, and total energy intake. RESULTS: The total DQI-K score was calculated by summing the scores of the eight components (range 0-9). In the multivariable adjusted models, with good diet quality (score 0-4) as a reference, poor diet quality (score 5-9) was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratios = 1.23, 95% confidence intervals = 1.06-1.43). Moreover, a one-unit increase in DQI-K score resulted in a 6% higher mortality risk. CONCLUSIONS: A poor diet quality DQI-K score was associated with an increased risk of mortality. The DQI-K in the present study may be used to assess the diet quality of Korean adults.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.459-468
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• 2000

Objectives : To investigate the association between BMI and Mortality. Methods : This study was based on the analysis and assembly of the 'Kangwha Cohort Study', previously conducted by the Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University. A total of 2,696 males and 3,595 females were followed for almost ten years and ten months from March 1985 to January 1996, a total of whom 2,420 died during this period. The Cox's proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze this data. Results : We found a U-shaped relationship between BMI and mortality among the aged men in the Kangwha cohort. The hazard ratio of dying was adjusted for age, marital status, occupation, self cognitive health level, chronic disease, smoking, and alcohol frequency, then sorted by body mass index into the following groups; less than 10.5, 18.5 to less than 21.0, 21.0 to less than 23.5, 23.5 to less than 26.0 and greater than or equal to 26. The corresponding ratios for men were 1.81(1.50-2.19, 95%CI), 1.31(1.14-1.51, 95%CI), 1.0(referent), 1.05(0.87-1.26, 95%CI) and 1.39(1.09-1.76, 95%CI), respectively. And for women, 1.46(1.19-1.78), 1.12(0.95-1.31, 95%CI), 1.0(referent), 1.00(0.84-1.20, 95%CI) and 1.09(0.89-1.34, 95%CI), respectively. Conclusions : The risk of death among aged men in Kangwha increased in the under and overweight groups. The relationship between BMl and mortality has been well studied in Western populations, but little is known about the association between BMI and mortality in our country. So, on the basis of this study, it is apparent that more studies of the relationship between BMI and mortality will be needed for future work.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term results of surgical treatment for native valve endocarditis (NVE) and to investigate the risk factors associated with mortality. Methods: Data including patients' characteristics, operative findings, postoperative results, and survival indices were retrospectively obtained from Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital. Results: A total of 29 patients underwent surgery for NVE (affecting the mitral valve in 20 patients and the aortic valve in 9) between 2003 and 2017. During the follow-up period (median, 46.9 months; interquartile range, 19.1-107.0 months), the 5-year survival rate was 77.2%. In logistic regression analysis, body mass index (p=0.031; odds ratio [OR], 0.574; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.346-0.951), end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (p=0.026; OR, 24.0; 95% CI, 1.459-394.8), and urgent surgery (p=0.010; OR, 34.5; 95% CI, 2.353-505.7) were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality. Based on Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, the statistically significant predictors of long-term outcomes were hypertension, ESRD, and urgent surgery. Conclusion: Surgical treatment for NVE is associated with considerable mortality. The in-hospital mortality and 5-year survival rates of this study were 13.8% and 77.2%, respectively. Underlying conditions, including hypertension and ESRD, and urgent surgery were independent risk factors for unfavorable outcomes.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.70-78
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• 1991

진해만 서부 가조도 주변 해역의 피조개 채묘장에서 1988년 11월에 추패가 대량 탈락하여 폐사하는 현상에 대한 환경조사와 먹이생물을 조사한 해양생태학적 분석 결과 평년비 $2^{\circ}C$의 높은 고수온이였고, 총무기질소(TIN)가 11월에 $0.38{\mu}g-at/l$의 빈영양 상태이였고, N/P율도 0.98로 최소치를 보여 영양염 수준이 불안정하였다. 이때 피조개 치패의 먹이 생물인 식물성 부유생물의 군집구조의 종다양성지수(H), 균등성지수(e), 풍부성지수$(d_1)$는 최소치를 보였으나 이와는 반대로 우점도지수$({\delta}_2)$는 98.4로서 최대치를 나타냈고 이때의 우점종은 Nitzschia pungens였다. 조사기간 중의 피조개 치패의 대량폐사는 주로 장기 가뭄에 따른 고수온 및 빈영양 상태의 불안정된 생태학적 환경으로 먹이 생물의 질량 변화에 의해 치패의 대사 생리에 영향을 주어 패각의 뒤틀림등 이상개체출현과 함께 대량폐사가 유발된 것으로 판단된 다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2007

연안 해양환경의 급격한 변동에 의하여 매년 발생하고 있는 양식생물의 대량폐사의 원인을 규명하고 피해를 저감하기 위하여 양식장 플랫폼을 활용한 실시간 해양환경 정보제공시스템의 개발연구를 수행하였다. 일반적으로 실시간 관측시스템에 활용되고 있는 외양의 계류부이에 비해 관측정보가 직접 필요한 양식장에서 관측하여 제공함으로써 생산한 정보의 활용도가 높았으며, 양식장은 접근이 용이하고 상주인원이 있어 관측 장비의 유지보수가 유리한 점이 개발한 시스템의 특징이었다. 연속적 정보 수집을 위하여 관측치의 이상발생에 대한 긴급정비와 주기적인 예방정비 및 관측현황 모니터링을 시스템화하였으며, 과거 자료를 이용하여 통계적인 방법으로 구한 신뢰구간을 적용하여 관측 자료의 신뢰도 제고와 관측 중단을 최소화하도록 하였다. 또한 정보를 최종 이용자에게 효과적인 방법으로 전달하기 위하여 시스템의 개발내용에 홈페이지와 전자우편, 양식장의 현장에서 정보를 직접 확인할 수 있는 소형전광판과 어시장의 대형전광판을 통한 정보 제공체계를 구축하였다. 이를 통하여 어업인의 과학적인 어업활동을 지원하였고, 양식장 적지선정과 관련된 어장환경연구를 수행하였다. 양식생물의 대량폐사와 같은 경제적인 피해를 저감하며, 장기적으로 연안 해양환경의 변화와 이와 관련된 해양연구에 본 연구를 통한 기술개발의 결과를 활용할 수 있다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2010

Osteoporosis is a disease that increases the fracture rates and a major cause of increased mortality and morbidity in the elderly people. This study is to determine which components of body composition and metabolic syndrome risk factors are important to bone health, we analysed the relationship among bone mineral density (BMD), body composition and metabolic syndrome risk factors in females. Totally 630 females participated in a medical check-up program (mean age 47 years) were selected for this study. Body composition analysis was performed by segmental bioelectrical impedance method, muscle mass, and percent body fat were measured. We also measured metabolic syndrome risk factors including abdominal obesity, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, blood pressure and fasting glucose level. Metabolic syndrome was defined by NCEP-ATP III criteria. The lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were measured using the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were observed in 180 and 51 persons, respectively. Muscle mass and HDL-cholesterol decreased in osteopenia and osteoporosis groups compared to the control group, and the grade was shown progressively by the symptoms. Significant positive correlation between BMD and muscle mass was observed. Multi variable regression analyses showed that % body fat and muscle mass were independent predictors of BMD after adjustment of age, height and weight. In conclusion, the BMD showed negative correlation with the metabolic and body composition was associated with BMD.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.69-72
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• 2016

Lung cancer is one of high mortality malignancy. It is known that skin metastasis from lung cancer is uncommon. We report a very rare case of finger tip metastasis from double primary cancer of the lung and lower lip. A 79 year-old man diagnosed with non small cell lung cancer presented with protruding solid mass in his lower lip. It showed central necrosis with purulent discharge. It had appeared rapidly growing features. Simultaneously, another solid mass accompanying painful swelling without skin lesion was found in his left middle finger tip. Both two solid masses were moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinomas. Lower lip mass was a primary cancer, while middle finger tip mass was diagnosed with clinically metastatic cancer from lung or lower lip, which means that it had double primary cancer origin.

• 환경생물
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.670-676
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• 2017

최근 어린 전복의 대량 폐사가 국내의 전복 종묘 양식장에서 발생하였다. 죽은 어린 전복의 마리 수는 전체 사육 마리 수의 약 50% 이상이었으며, 그 크기는 각장 3 cm 전후였다. 폐사의 현상은 어린 전복이 부착 기질로부터 탈락되어 힘이 없이 바닥에 깔려 있거나, 뒤집어진 상태에서 스스로 일어나지 못하였다. 이러한 개체들은 대부분 근육에 수포를 형성하고 있는 병리학적 특징을 나타내었다. 폐사 직전의 전복으로부터 3개의 균이 분리되었으며, 이들은 16S rDNA 염기서열 분석에 의해 모두 V. harveyi로 동정되었다. 또한 이들을 어류에서 분리된 V. harveyi 36개의 균들과 염기서열을 비교 분석한 결과, 어류에서 분리된 V. harveyi는 genogroup a와 b로 구별되며, 전복에서 분리된 3균주는 genogroup a와 새로운 genogroup c에 속하였다. 그중 WA AG-1과 WA CS-5 균을 건강한 전복에 인위 감염시킨 결과, 자연 감염된 개체와 같은 외부 및 병리조직학적 증상을 나타내면서 폐사하였으며, 그 반수 치사농도는 각각 $1.0{\times}10^3cfu\;animal^{-1}$ 및 $1.7{\times}10^4cfu\;animal^{-1}$이었다.