• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.13 no.5 s.57
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• pp.133-141
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• 2009

50 year-old masonry buildings which had been constructed using lime mortar have caused lots of problems because of using different material, cement mortar, when they repair them. Also, there is little information on structural capacities and details of masonry buildings built using lime mortar. In addition, it is difficult to evaluate the structural capacities of the buildings which were often constructed by untrained labors. To preserve the original masonry construction, the study on their construction materials and methodologies has to be carried out. This paper provides basic information for establishing standard details of masonry works using lime mortar in order to overcome these problems when cultural properties are repaired or retrofitted. To do this, compression tests of lime mortar were preformed with the parameters of mixing ratios, mixing material, curing time and curing conditions etc. Based on the test results, the differences between lime mortar and cement mortar were specified and the structural characteristics of lime mortar were also presented in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2001

Seismic refraction and electrical resistivity surveys were conducted in Bangeosan Maaebul site located in Haman, Kyungnam, in order to present geophysical safety analysis method for masonry cultural properties. Seismic refraction exploration revealed that the ground was composed of three layers in term of seismic wave velocity; the upper, medium, and lower layers. The low velocity ranging from 308 to 366 m/sec in upper layer suggests weathered soil, the intermediate velocity from 1906 to 2090 m/sec in the medium layer indicates weathered rocks, and the high velocity from 5061 to 5650 m/sec in the lower layer implies extremely hard rocks. Our seismic result suggests that the upper and medium layer around the Maaebul should be reinforced to support the construct. The result of electric resistivity survey shows that there exists a low resistivity zone, ranging from 131 to 226 Ohm-m, at the right side of the Maaebul with the direction of NE-NNE. This area is the weakness zone as it plays role of the underground water passage in rainy season.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2018

The result of the study on the origin and preservation status of the 'Gongju Junghakdong old missionary house', the Registered Cultural Property No. 233, reveals that the building was approved on October 23, 1921, and missionary Alice H. Sharp was living in the building until her retirement from her missionary life of 39 years in Korea in 1939. In order to review internal and external preservation status of the building, condition of wood material, the composition of the window, the damage of the wall, and the leaning of the building were examined. In particular, in the case of window facilities, it is necessary to restore it to the original upper and lower sliding window. As a result of investigation of the preservation status of the external facilities, it is necessary to restore the original shape of the staircase and a deck of the building on south western side and the well. In addition, the results of the non-destructive diagnosis of the ground revealed that the building was built on uneven surface layer of 2-5 m thickness and the boundary between the surface layer and the upper part of the weathered rock is inclined following geomorphology. This phenomenon shows that when the water content of the ground increases in the rainy season, the bearing capacity of the ground is lowered, and there is a possibility of uneven subsidence. Especially, landslides may occur in case of heavy rain. Therefore, it is desirable to install a masonry facility at the southwest boundary of the site, and it is recommended to install a drainage facility to ensure rapid drainage.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.425-436
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• 2016

The Yakhyeon catholic church (Historic Site No. 252 in Korea) that was constructed in 1892 has been the first western brick structure to ever have existed and one of the most important historical materials in the Korean modern architecture. After a fire had broken out at the catholic church in 1998, the stained glass on the back wall, the slab glass (dalle de verre) introduced by Lee Nam Guy in 1974, was repaired in 1999 because of singe scorch and water leakage. An analysis of the coloration elements showed that yellow, red and green included Zn, K and Cd, respectively. The glass of red contained Se, dark green contained Mn and Cr, and blue contained Pb and S. According to material analysis, the masonry joint was identified dolomite ($CaMg(CO_3)_2$) and calcite ($CaCO_3$), which was observed plate, columnar, rhombic and square of crystalline particles. Meanwhile, ultrasonic velocity in the stained glass recorded low speed in the middle and lower right of the window (an average of 4,130 m/s). And the joint was measured the lowest physical properties of the top left and middle of the window (an average of 2,053 m/s). This study have showed that extensive physical damage was founded to the left and middle rather than the right side. In this respect, more research in needed to conserve the correlation between color and physical properties.