• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.31-43
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• 1973

The trend in modern nursing is toward the performance of comprehensive nursing care. Psychiatric nursing emphasizes education which enables the nurse to understand the underlying difficulties being expressed through a wide range of emotions and through practice to be more adept in her selection of a manner of approach which best meets the needs of a given situation. Presently, in Korea, there is nothing in the literature regarding evaluation of the effect of psychiatric nursing education on the attitudes of nurses towards mental illness and mentally ill patients. This stud!1 was attempted in order to understand 1) some of the problems in psychiatric nursing education 2) some of tile factors which affect the attitudes of nurses towards mental illness and mental patients. A questionnaire, a Korean translation of the "Opinions about Mental illness Scale" by Cohen and Stranding, 1962, was administered to 188 nonpsychiatric registered nurses employed in Yonsei University Hospital (Y. Hospital) and Seoul National University Hospital (S. Hospital) located in the city of Seoul. All of the nurses were directly involved with adult patient care. They graduated from various nursing schools. The data was collected during the period of October 2 to October 16,1972. The age, educational background , marital status, type of previous psychiatric experience, experience as a graduate nurse and close personal relationship with someone who was a psychiatric patient were compared with the O.M.I. scores. The mean and standard errors for each of the comparison groups were computed and tile relationships calculated by a t-test. The results of the study are summarized as follow: 1. There is no significant difference between the age of the nurses and their attitudes toward mental illness and mental patients. 2. There is no significant difference between the. educational backgrounds of the nurses and their attitudes toward mental illness and mental patients. 3. There is a significant difference in the nurses ′student psychiatric nursing experience and their attitudes towards mental illness and mental patients for the nurses in 5. Hospital only. The nurses who had 3-4 week of student psychiatric nursing experience had a significantly higher mean score for Benevolence (factor B) than nurses whose student psychiatric experience had been less than 1 Ivcek (P<0.05). The nurses who had 1-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks and more than 4 weeks of student psychiatric nursing experience had significantly higher mean scores for Interpersonal Ethology (factor E) than nurses whose student psychiatric had been less than 1 week (p<0.05), 4. There is a significant difference in the nurses′student psychiatric nursing experience by types of institution and their attitudes towards mental illness and mental patients for S. Hospital nurses only. The nurses who had their student psychiatric nursing experience in the government psychiatric hospitals recorded significantly higher mean score for Authoritarianism (factor A) than nurses who had their. experience in private psychiatric hospitals (p<0.05). 5. There is no significant difference in the nurses′psychiatric nursing experience as a graduate nurse and their attitudes toward mental illness and mental patients. 6. There is no significant difference in the nature and variety of the nurses′experience as a graduate nurse and their attitude toward mental illness and mental patients. 7. There is no significant difference in the presence or absence of a close personal relationship with a mentally ill person and the nurses′attitude toward mental illness and mental patients. 8. There is no significant difference in the nurses′ marital status and their attitude toward mental illness and mental patients. 9. There is no significant difference between the nurses who were employed ill S. and Y. hospitals and their attitudes towards mental illness and mental patients. Major suggestion for further study was to have more larger and wider scale research for establishing of the reliability and validity of the Korean translation of the O.H.I. Scale.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.74-81
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• 2015

This study explored the degree of cognition, purchasing experience and attitudes towards SPA brand attributes. This study examined the differences in variables and demographic characteristics against appearance interest groups. A questionnaire survey collected data from November $1^{st}$ and $15^{th}$ 2012. The convenience sample was drawn from females between the ages of 20 and 39 who lived in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk regions of South Korea. A total of 255 responses were complete and usable questionnaires. Data were tested through factor analysis, t-test, and ${\chi}^2$ test using SPSS 21.0. The results show that there were significant group differences in the cognition and purchasing experience of SPA brands and the attitudes towards SPA brand attributes. The high appearance interest group was more aware of SPA brands and evaluated SPA brand attributes more positively and bought more SPA brand products than the low appearance interest group. The high appearance interest group showed that domestic brands were excellent in low price among brand attributes but foreign brands were relatively excellent in various design and store display. There was a significant difference in educational level between appearance interest groups; however, there were no significant differences in age, marital status, and income level group. This study contributes to basic information for the SPA brand buying behavior research field and apparel industry marketing strategy by analyzing the relationship among appearance interest, cognition, SPA brand purchasing experience and SPA brand attribute attitudes.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.265-274
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• 2011

Purpose: This study determined the correlation between nurses' critical thinking disposition; problem solving process; and nursing performance. It also examined the impact of critical thinking disposition and problem solving process on nursing performance. Methods: The data was collected from 419 nurses. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, scheffe test, pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed. Results: Nursing performance showed that there were differences according to age, marital status, educational level, total number of years in the career and the length of employment in the present department. The problem solving process showed differences in the educational level. Critical thinking disposition showed differences according to age, educational level and total number of years in the career. Problem solving process and nursing performance showed a positive relationship whereas critical thinking disposition and nurses' performance showed a positive relationship. Factors affecting nursing performance, were nurses' age, duration of employment in the present department, problem solving process and critical thinking disposition. This model was statistically significant and showed 22.1% of the total variance. Conclusion: The attention of nursing administrators should be drawn to the consideration that a certain amount of experience in the current department is positively related to nursing performance. Furthermore, in order to provide a improvement in professional nursing performance, educational programs towards nurses' critical thinking disposition and problem solving process should be provided.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.112-124
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the relationships among suicidal risk, self-esteem, and spiritual well-being of high school students, and to provide basic data for developing suicide prevention programs. Method: The subjects of this study were 1.176 high school students from six academic high schools and two technical high schools in Daegu City. Data were collected from the 13th to the 25th of September 2004. The research tools were the Suicide Probability Scale developed by Go. Kim and Lee (2000), the Self-Esteem Inventory modified by Choi and Jeon (1993), and the tool of Spiritual Well-Being modified by Yoo (2002). Data were analyzed with SPSS Windows 11.0. Result: Variables that showed statistically significant difference in suicidal risk were school type, whether to have the best friends, the number of close friends, current relationship with close friends, experience of school violation, respect for the teacher, grades, financial condition, parents marital status, father's education level, mother's education level, home atmosphere, conversation with father, conversation with mother, smoking, drinking, experience of counseling for problems, whether to have physical illnesses, experience of thinking about suicide, experience of attempting suicide. Suicidal risk was in a significantly negative correlation with self-esteem and spiritual well-being. Conclusion: The researcher identified many different variables that affect the suicidal risk of high school students. Self-esteem and spiritual well-being were found to be in a significant correlation with suicidal risk. Therefore, the results of this study can be used as basic data and information for suicidal prevention programs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.502-516
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• 2019

The objectives of this study were to understand the relationship between the self-leadership of clinical nurses, nursing organizational culture and nursing performance and identify factors influencing nursing performance. Data were collected from 242 nurses working at H hospital in A Metropolitan City. Data were gatherd collected from Oct 17 to Oct 23, 2016, and analyzed using SPSS 21.0 program. The analysis results showed that several demographic characteristics (i.e., age, marital status, educational level, position, clinical experience and clinical experience in the current department) significantly affected nursing performance. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that clinical experience in the current department and self-expectation are influencing factors in nursing performance and they explained 35.7% of the variance. In order to improve nursing performance, it is necessary to maintain the clinical experience in the current department and develop education programs for enhancing self-expectation of nurses.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.151-161
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• 2018

Background: Family values of a married woman may be related to her own depressive mood. Since depressive mood of a married woman is likely to exert a negative influence, in terms of mental health, on her, her family members, and the whole society's, it may be very important to explore the relationship between family values in married women and their depressive mood. Methods: In this study, we analyzed nationally representative 5,818 married women aged 20 years or older from the 4th panel data of 2012 Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families. As for variables of interest, we constructed three family values variables: family-oriented view of marriage, individualistic view of marriage, and traditional view of marital roles. Then we employed multivariate logistic regression analyses to explore the relationship between family values and depressive mood, adjusting for family and socio-demographic factors. Results: In total, 804 married women (18.4%) had experienced depressive mood. All of the three family values variables were significant in their relationships with depressive mood. The women categorized as 'very weak' in family-oriented view of marriage were more likely to experience depressive mood than the women categorized as 'very strong' (odds ratio [OR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-2.55). By contrast, the women categorized as 'very weak' in individualistic view of marriage (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.33-0.55) and in traditional view of marital roles (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.92) were less likely to experience depressive mood than their respective counterpart women categorized as 'very strong.' Conclusion: In Korea, married women's values towards marriage itself and roles between wives and husbands had significant associations with their depressive mood. This suggests that in order to improve mental health in married women, we need to take social and cultural dimensions into consideration along with public health interventions.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.13-28
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify degree of the personality type, resilience, self-efficacy, and workplace bullying Experience among nurses at General Hospital, to ascertain the correlation between them and to ascertain factors that may affect workplace bullying. This study collected data from October 22, 2018 to October 26, 2018 through structured questionnaires from 260 nurses working at General Hospital in Seoul City, and the collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS / WIN 21.0. Analysis of differences in general characteristics showed that workplace bullying was significantly different according to witness of bullying, workplace satisfaction. Resilience was significantly different according to marital status, religion, final education, and workplace satisfaction. And self-efficacy was found to be different according to respondents' marital status, religion. The relationship between DISC personality type, workplace bullying, resilience and self-efficacy showed that workplace bullying had a negative correlation with resilience, and resilience showed a positive correlation with self-efficacy. As a result of the multiple regression analysis in order to identify the factors that, workplace satisfaction, witness of workplace bullying and the resilience was the factor affecting workplace bullying; workplace bullying was decreased as the resilience was higher.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.225-237
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship among the health promoting behaviors, self-reported climacteric symptoms and depression on a cross-sectional survey desist The subjects were 108 middle-aged women who were nonhystrectomized and ranged in age from 40 to 60. They were selected in Seoul and Kyoung-ki province. Korea. Data were collected from Oct. 25 to Nov. 10, 1997 by a structured Questionnaire. The instrument used for this study was the revised Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile(HPLP) developed by Walker, Sechrist and Pender, revised Climacteric Symptoms Scale developed by Chi, Sung Ai, and the Beck's Depression Inventory(BID). The data were analyzed by the SPSS /PC$^{＋}$ program using t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test as a post hoc and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results of the study were as follows ; 1. The mean score of health promoting behaviors was low(2.42$\pm$0.35). There were statistically significant difference in the score of health promoting behaviors according to the educational background. family income, marital satisfaction, and whether or not taking a restoraitve food(t ＝－2.07, F＝2.60~7.57, p＜0.05). 2. The mean score of self-reported climacteric symptoms was 1.69 ; 99% of middle-aged women had symptoms. There were statistically significant difference in the score of middle-aged women's self-reported climacteric symptoms according to the age, number of children, educational background, occupation, family income, marital satisfaction, whether or not receiving hormone replacement therapy(HRT) or consultation experience with a professional, and perceived health status(t＝－2.04~3.69. F＝2.87~11.63, p＜0.05). 3. The mean score of depression was 10.84. There were statistically significant differences in the score of the depression according to the age, number of children, educational background, occupation, marital satisfaction, whether or not receiving menopausal treatment or consultation by a professional, and perceived health status(t ＝－2.25~3.00, F＝3.50~9.24, p＜0.05). 4. Women's degree of health promoting behaviors was a negative correlation with the degree of climacteric symptoms(r＝－0.19, p＝0.03) and the degree of depression(r＝－0.23, p＝0.01). The degree of climacteric stmptoms was a positive correlation with the degree of depression(r＝0.64 p＝0.01). In conclusion. health promoting behavior should be considered when developing nursing strategies for middle-aged women. especially when dealing with climacteric symptoms and depression.

• Journal of Korean Classical Literature and Education
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• no.37
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• pp.185-215
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• 2018

This paper tried to interpret new phenomenon in the narrative focusing on the tale. People telling about this story understood it in the way of recognizing and resigning the power of powerful destiny. This article poses a problem to that point. The male character begins the question "why?" And experiences a process of thoughtful thought. And he finds out his past life and pioneers his destiny. The find past life in this tale, it means 'an opportunity to choose oneself and life for themselves'. This can be interpreted as Samsara of Buddhism that does not insist on a fixed self. Experience of this process of reasoning according to narrative context of folktale will become literary therapy activity confirming the effectiveness of marital conflict narrative including the former motifs.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.128-137
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• 1997

This study was designed to get basic data about AIDS educational program development of Adults. The objective of this study was to identify the level of AIDS relatied Knowledge and Attitude of Adults. The subject for this study consisted of 327 men and women who were living in chonbuk province. Data was colledted by self-reporting questionaire consist of 61 items during the period from 1st. December to 20th, December, 1996. The results were us follow ; 1. AIDS related knowledge ranged from 6 to 32(M;23.13, SD:5.86). Percentage of correctly answered respondents to each catagories ; Risk factors : $\cdot$ Infection through needle : $93.9\%$ $\cdot$ Infection through blood transfusion : $92.4\%$ $\cdot$ Infection of multi-sexuals : $90.5\%$ $\cdot$ Infection of hemophillias patients : $39.4\%$ $\cdot$ Infection of hemosexuals : $23.2\%$ Mode of transmission : $\cdot$ Infection through pubic rest room : $56.3\%$ $\cdot$ Infection through personal materials: $65.1\%$ $\cdot$ Infection through food: $67.6\%$ 2. The relationship between AIDS related knowledge and each of those general characteristics, AIDS related knowledge showed significant difference with age(p=0.0293), marital status(p=0.003). sexual experience(p=0.020) and used contraceptive(p=0.0l5). 3. Among the items regarding attitudes, what has highed level was preventional education of National policy about AIDS$(94.5\%)$. What has lowest level of Attitides was that AIDS carrier could go to school with noncarrier children$(39.1\%)$. 4. The relationship between attitude of AIDS and each of these general characteristics over 30 age group, married women, sexual experience and used contraceptive were higher than others.