• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2015

Piezovibrocones have been developed to evaluate the liquefaction potential of onshore soils, but have not yet been utilized to evaluate the in-situ liquefaction behavior of offshore marine and volcanoclastic sediments. Two static and vibratory CPTu (Cone Penetration Tests) were performed at Tauranga Harbor, New Zealand. The lithology is known from nearby drillholes and the influence of vibration on different types of marine soils is evaluated using the reduction ratio (RR) calculated from static and vibratory CPTu. A sediment layer with high potential for liquefaction and one with a slight reaction to cyclic loading are identified. In addition to the reduction ratio, the liquefaction potential of sediment is analyzed using classic correlations for static CPTu data, but no liquefaction potential was determined. This points to an underestimation of liquefaction potential with the classic static CPTu correlations in marine soil. Results show that piezovibrocone tests are a sensitive tool for liquefaction analysis in offshore marine and volcanoclastic soil.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2004

The surface layer in dredged and reclaimed marine clay is improved by mixing of shallow soils and hardening agents, which is made of cement, containing some other special admixtures. Tests in both laboratory and field settings are performed to investigate the improvement effect and strength properties of cement-stabilized soils. The test results show that the hardening agent sufficiently improves the soil properties of the surface layer, while increasing the load-carrying capacity. The strength of cement-stabilized soils depends, primarily, on water-to-cement ratio and curing temperature. That is, the higher curing temperature and the longer curing time, the higher the strength in cement-stabilized soils. The high ratio of water-ta-cement results in a lower strength.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2015

해양정화사업으로 많은 양의 준설토가 발생하고 있는데 이 중 입자가 작은 준설세립토는 폐기물로 버려지고 있는 실정이다. 일반매립재와 성토재 및 호안블록, 콘크리트 블록으로서의 사용성을 확인하기 위하여 관련 기준들을 고찰하였으며, 준설세립토에 대한 지반공학적 물성시험과 알칼리 활성화 반응을 통하여 성토재, 호안블록 및 콘크리트 블록으로서의 사용성을 분석하였다. 준설토 중 준설모래는 성토재로서 사용이 가능하였으며, 준설세립토 만으로 일반 매립제로 사용이 가능하였다. 그리고 준설세립토와 준설모래를 혼합하여 성토재로 사용할 수 있었다. 고로수재 슬래그와의 알칼리 활성화 반응을 통하여 생성된 재료는 호안블록 및 콘크리트 블록 등으로 사용할 수 있었다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.553-562
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• 2018

Road construction is becoming increasingly important in marine and desert areas due to population growth and economic development. However, the load carrying capacity of pavement is of gear concern to design and geotechnical engineers because of the poor engineering properties of the soils in these areas. Therefore, stabilization of the soils is regarded as an important issue. Besides, due to the fuels combustion and carbonate decomposition, cement industry generates around 5% of global $CO_2$ emission. Thus, using bentonite as a natural pozzolan in soil stabilization is more eco-friendly than using cement. The aim of this research is to experimentally study of the stabilized marine and desert sands using deep mixing method by ordinary Portland cement and sodium bentonite. Different partial percentages of cement along with different weight percentages of sodium bentonite were added to the sands. Unconfined compression test (UCS), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were conducted on the specimens. Moreover, a mathematical model was developed for predicting the strength of the treated soils.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.677-684
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• 2000

Piezocone test as well as Dilatometer tests are used worldwide to evaluate the engineering properties of clay soils. The common strong point of the two tests is that they can estimate, by the identical test equipment, various properties of soils, which are the unit weight of soils of OCR, K$\sub$o/, undrained shear strength(s$\sub$u/), coefficient of consolidation(c$\sub$h/) and soil classification etc,. A series of the two types of field tests are performed in this study on marine clays with low plasticity at Inchon International Airport construction site to estimate various properties of the soils such as s$\sub$u/, OCR, and c$\sub$h/, which are then compared each other as well as with the results of reference tests. The comparisons show that the way of interpretation is the most critical factor in obtaining confidential results for a certain engineering property for both tests.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2014

Weathering indexes of the typical pedons derived from different parent materials of the soils of Korea were calculated by Kronberg and Nesbitt (1981) to understand weathering degree of the soils which might give a clue of soil formation and characterizing a soil pedon. The weathering index W1 was chemical change index, and the weathering index W2 was silicate dominant index. The chemical compositions of the 49 typic pedons were extracted from the Taxonomical Classification of Korean Soils (NIAST, 1999). The weathering indexes of Kimhae series, derived from fluvio marine material, were the highest among the analyzed soils. Within parent materials, the weathering indexes of the soils derived from limestones parent materials were high, and those derived from phorphyry materials were low. The relationship between W1 and W2 showed unique pattern which implied certain sequence within the same parent materials.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 1998년도 공동 심포지엄 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.48-51
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• 1998

This paper presents the transport and removal of organic substances from the contaminated soft soils and sludges such as marine dredging waste, marine sediments, mine tailing waste, and sewage sludge by electroosmosis. A series of laboratory experiments including variable conditions such as contamination levels, solid contents, and applied voltage rates were peformed with the contaminated soft clay specimen mixed with organic substance. Investigated are specimen density, dewatering rate, outflow rate, and outflow concentration. The test results showed that organic substances in the soils were removed by applied voltages. The results indicated that this process can be used efficiently to clean up the contaminated soil.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제24권A호
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• pp.251-261
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• 2004

A series of column test with a silty marine soil mixed with Jumunjin Standard Sand were performed to investigate the characteristics of settling and consolidation of non-plastic dredged soils. Column tests were carried out by using the separable column to measure the grain size distribution of consolidated layer. Column tests were performed with changing the mixing ratio of Jumunjin Standard Sand to the silty marine soil, initial water content of slurry and initial height of slurry. Height of interface of slurry was monitored during tests and grain size distribution tests were carried out after finishing tests. Influencing factors on the particle segregation, eventually to the characteristics of settling and consolidation of non-plastic soil, were analyzed on the thesis of test results. As results of column tests, the mixing ratio of sand to the silty marine soil and the initial water content of slurry were known to affect the characteristics of settling and consolidation resulted in significant particle segregation of slurry. Initial height of slurry was found not to affect seriously to particle segregation.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.663-668
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• 2000

In this study, the Atterberg limit and grain-size analysis were carried for the purpose of investigating the influence on drying and organic matter of Ulsan marine deposited clay. The results revealed that Atterberg limit was decreased and grain-size distribution was variable on drying. The presence of organic matter also influenced on the physical properties of the soils. The physical properties of marine deposited clay were variable on drying, so that we recommended grain-size analysis and Atterberg limit test were performed under the wet condition of the soils after sampling.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.99-105
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• 1976

우리나라 남해안(南海岸)에 분포(分布)된 간척지토양중(干拓地土壤中)의 하나인 구포통(鳩浦統)에 대(對)한 형태적(形態的) 물리적(物理的) 및 화학적(化學的) 특성(特性)을 조사(調査)하였는 바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 남해안일대(南海岸一帶) 리아해안(海岸)에 분포(分布)된 간척지(干拓地)는 저구릉(低丘陵) 또는 구릉곡간(丘陵谷間)에 위치(位置)한 해안곡간간척지(海岸谷間干拓地)로서 대부분(大部分)이 하천(河川)의 영향(影響)없이 퇴적(堆積)되었고 구릉(丘陵)과 매우 가깝게 접(接)하고 있어 내륙곡간지토양(內陸谷間地土壤)과 유사(類似)하며 모래함량(含量)이 높고 미사(微砂)와 점토함량(粘土含量)이 낮아 서해안(西海岸) 일대(一帶)의 넓은 하해혼성평탄지(河海混成平坦地)에 분포(分布)된 토양(土壤)과 구별(區別)된다. 2. 형태적(形態的) 특성(特性)을 보면 표토(表土)는 회갈색(灰褐色)에 약간(若干)의 황갈색(黃褐色) 반문(斑紋)이 있는 사양토(砂壤土)이며 기층(基層)은 회색(灰色) 사양토(砂壤土)로 약간(若干)의 석력(石礫)(약(約) 10%)이 있고 지하수위(地下水位)는 10-30cm로 높다. 간척후(干拓後) 토양생성작용(土壤生成作用)을 받은지 얼마되지 않은 새로운 퇴적층(堆積層)으로 단면(斷面)의 발달(發達)은 없다. 3. n계수(係數)가 0.8내외(內外)로 높아 미열성토양(未熱成土壤)에 속(屬)한다. 4. 화학적특성(化學的特性)에 있어 pH는 표토(表土)로부터 기층(基層)까지 8.0 이상(以上)으로 알카리성(性)이며 유기물함량(有機物含量)은 표토(表土) 1.16%, 그이하(以下) 토층(土層)은 모두 0.5% 내외(內外)로 매우 낮고 양(陽) ion치환용량(置換容量)은 7-9m.e/100g로 낮다. 표토(表土)의 치환성(置換性) 양(陽) ion 즉(卽) Ca: Mg: Na: K의 비(比)는 20:7:4:1이고 염기포화도(鹽基飽和度)는 60% 이상(以上)이다. ($NH_4OAc$법(法)). 전기전도도(電氣傳導度)는 7-12mmhos/cm로 높은 편(便)이고 유효인산함량(有効燐酸含量)이 25ppm 이하(以下)로 매우 낮다. 5. 물리적열성(物理的熱成)을 기준(基準)하여 분류(分類)하면 "Unripe soils with half-ripe subsoils"로 볼수 있고 미칠차시안원안(美七次試案原案)에 의(依)하면 "Hydric Haplaquents"로 되어 물리적열성도(物理的熱成度)를 나타 낼수 있으나 동증보안(同增補案)에 의(依)하면 "Typic Haplaquents"로 되어 타숙성토(他熟成土)와 특성비교(特性比較)가 어렵게 되었다. 그러나 칠차시안(七次試案)의 종결안(終結案)이라 볼 수 있는 토양분류(土壤分類)에 의(依)하면 "Haplic Hydraquents"로 분류(分類)할 수 있어 토양(土壤)의 숙성도(熟成度)를 포함(包含)한 제특성(諸特性)이 잘 반영(反映)되었으며 수개(數個)의 타분류안(他分類案)에서는 물리적숙성도(物理的熟成度)를 나타낼수 없었다.