• 인지과학
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.173-191
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• 2017

The theories of cultural evolution hold subtly or clearly different stances about definition of culture, pattern of cultural evolution, biases that affect cultural evolution, and relationship between culture and organism. However, the cultural evolution theories have a common problem to solve: As the evolutionary theory of life tries to explain the early steps and the origin of life, the cultural evolution theories also must explain the early steps of the cultural evolution and the role of the human capability that makes cultural evolution possible. Therefore, explanations of the human's unique traits including the cultural ability are related to determine which one is the most plausible among many cultural evolution theories. Theories that tried to explain human uniqueness commonly depict the coevolution of gene (organism) and culture. We will explicitly call the niche construction theory and the dual inheritance theory the 'gene-culture co-evolutionary theory'. In these theories, the most important concept is the 'concept of positive feedback'. In this paper, we distinguish between core positive feedback and marginal positive feedback, according to whether the trait that the concept of positive feedback explains is the trait of human uniqueness. Both types of positive feedback effectively explain the generality of human uniqueness and the diversity of human traits driven by cultural groups. However, this positive feedback requires an end, in contrast to negative feedback which can be continued in order to maintain homeostasis. We argue that the co-evolutionary process in the gene-culture co-evolutionary theories include only the positive feedback, not covering the cultural evolution after the positive feedback. This thesis strives to define the coevolution concept more comprehensively by suggesting the potential relationships between gene and culture after the positive feedback.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영정보학회 2007년도 International Conference
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• pp.395-400
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• 2007

Previous studies present the mixed results on online reputation mechanism. In this study, we have found that an approach based on Bayesian statistics can explain most results of previous studies which are conflicting with each others. With this model, we explain why negative ratings have more significant marginal impacts on sellers' reputation than positive ones do. Furthermore, we even show why the feedbacks with a few negative ratings may increase the value of the item and final prices by confirming buyers' prior beliefs on the sellers' reputation much more than those without negative ratings. Also, we explain why there are not many negative ratings. Even though some studies suggest this because of generosity of users, our model shows that the reason is that the existence of FS itself prevents bad sellers from participating to the market as a signal itself. Even further, we show how this extreme tendency of positive ratings gets even stronger as markets evolve. Finally, to validate our analytical results, we examine the previous studies and see what factors effect the outcomes of their analyses.