• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1108-1120
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• 1990

The present study is to develop an intelligent control system for flexible manufacturing system, which is suitable for a variety of manufacturing types with smaller production rates. The controller is designed to integrate heuristic rules with optimization techniques for loading as well as flow rate of parts and ultimately meeting performance indices. The control function implemented by an optimization technique is to calculate short term production rates of parts. The heuristic control determined by production rules requires knowledge base to evaluate selected loading alternatives according to short term production rate and current process information, and also to determine final decision pertaining to loading. In this case, the knowledge base is constructed using the rules for evaluating alternatives, decision criteria, and flow control of parts in manufacturing system. The database is formulated by means of managing and updating current process information. A graphic system to monitor current status of the function and operation of manufacturing system is developed, and computer simulation is carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.63-70
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• 2005

Compared with land logistics and sea logistics, air logistics takes not only less transportation time, but also makes just-in-time delivery possible. Because of this, in spite of high freight rates, many shippers make good use of airlines. To cope with borderless competition in this global age, most shippers using air logistics want to receive diverse information including just-in-time cargo delivery and dangerous situation as well as convenience and speed in job handling. Nevertheless, most domestic forwarders, who perform many kinds of important businesses for air logistics, mainly put emphasis on demanding information from overseas partners through their business agreements, that is, focusing on horizontal integration, instead of sharing information or improving job performance among air logistics participants. As a result, it is almost impossible to satisfy the needs of shippers. Airline users want to remove the uncertainties over their cargo movement. And in time of emergency, they want to take immediate measures through speedy information sharing and decision-making. In order to satisfy shipper's needs, all the organizations participating in the air logistics supply chain-cargo senders, cargo receivers, forwarders, transporters, licensed customs brokers, airlines as well as foreign partners-have to set up a vertical cooperation system. For effective air logistics SCM, it is very important to remove overlapping jobs, strengthen the efficiency of job handling, and provide online monitoring on cargo information in order to support decision-making. To this end, this paper has applied the concept of RTE (Real Time Enterprise), a new business management system, which tries to maximize competitiveness by removing many hindrance factors on an ongoing basis in managing and fulfilling core business processes based on up-to-the-minute information. In order to realize RTE-based information system for air logistics SCM, this paper has analyzed the information required by business process and by air logistics participant, and suggested the method for information sharing, point of time for information input and output, and its means.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.308-317
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to identify combinations of factors, with regard to the use of restaurants by tourists, and to establish the relative importance of these factors in terms of their contribution to the total usage. Of 250 questionnaires, 209 were utilized for analysis in this study. Crosstabs, conjoint analysis, paired-samples t-test, k-means cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA analysis, and the Friedman test were used for the statistical analysis. The findings from this study were as follows: First, the Pearson's R and Kendall's tau statistics show that the model fits the data well. Second, it was found that 209 tourists most preferred restaurants that provided excellent quality traditional food, with a high quality of service, at a cheap price for the suburb. The 81 tourists of the first cluster most preferred restaurant that provided excellent quality fusion food, at a cheap price for the suburb. The 65 tourists of tile second cluster most preferred restaurant that provided average quality national food, at an expensive price for the suburb. The 63 tourists of the third cluster most preferred restaurant that provided excellent quality traditional food, at a reasonable price for the suburb. Third, it wis found that all tourists and the three clusters groups regarded both the type of food and its price to be very important factors. Finally, the results used in this study have provided some insight into the types of marketing strategies and tourism policies that may be successfully used by the operators and policymakers managing a location, the quality, price and type of food, and quality of service required by tourists dining at restaurants.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.47-54
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• 2023

The MyData service makes anyone possible to apply the personal information for the personal credit management or the financial management by proactive managing his/her own information. The MyData means that the anyone is able to control or manage the its own information by changing from the company-oriented or the organization-oriented information to his/her own information. It is mandatory to develop the API G/W which transforms the different user format to the standard format to support the MyData service. This study is to design the API G/W for the MyData service and the designed API G/W supports the 4 major functions - Validation function, Throttling function, Authentication&Authorization function, Mediation function. The designed API G/W make it possible to support the safely and efficient MyData service by serving the various queries with the different formats.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.205-220
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• 2016

The purpose of this research was to figure out what impacts technology and market orientation have on technological cooperation and management performance by analyzing the factors of technological cooperation aimed at firm's product development. In addition, the research was purported to help CEO and policy makers make better decision about technological cooperation by means of the systematic examination on the impacts that different factors of technological cooperation have on the management performance. For this purpose, it was analyzed first what kind of technology or factors of market orientation might affect manufacturer's technological cooperation. From the analysis, it was found that technological cooperation is affected by the factors of market orientation, which means that a firm needs strategic technological cooperation by taking into account multi-dimensional factors of technology and market when the firm aims at developing technology and market orientation. Second, it was analyzed whether a firm's technological cooperation has an impact on its performance. The results indicated that the impact differs in the degree of process of technological cooperation, implying that managing firm's technological cooperation is important in order to improve the quality of management performance. Third, it was analyzed through what structural relations technology and market orientation could exercise impacts on management performance. It was discovered from the 1analysis that technology and market orientation have an impact on management performance. To improve management performance, it seems essential to determine the order of priority among technology and factors of market orientation.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.82-98
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• 2020

Purpose - This study aims to overcome the limitations of existing studies, which linearly determine the precedence factors of competency in overseas subsidiaries. The research objectives are as follows. First, what kind of nonlinear effects does the level of control held by Korean headquarters over foreign subsidiaries have in terms of competency in the subsidiaries? Second, what kind of nonlinear effects do the local experiences of overseas subsidiaries have on their competency? Design/methodology - With data on Korean multinational corporations (MNCs), this paper analyzes the effects of control levels of headquarters (HQs) and host-country experiences of foreign subsidiaries regarding competency in overseas subsidiaries. In particular, this study focuses on nonlinear models, differentiating it from previous studies. In order to examine research hypotheses, this study conducted a survey of overseas subsidiaries of Korean corporations. Surveys were conducted through various methods including e-mail, online questionnaires, fax, and telephone calls. Copies of the questionnaire were distributed to a total of 2,246 overseas subsidiaries, and 409 completed responses were collected. Excluding 15 copies that were insufficiently answered, responses from a total of 394 copies were used for analysis. Findings - This study presents the following results. First, there is a U-shaped relationship between levels of HQ control and competency in foreign subsidiaries. This means that higher levels of HQ control negatively impact the competency levels of subsidiaries because strict control undermines autonomy in subsidiaries. However, if the level of HQ control exceeds a certain point, then the transfer of knowledge between HQs and subsidiaries is facilitated. Knowledge transferred from HQs can be used as prior knowledge by foreign subsidiaries to the benefit of all parties. Accordingly, knowledge transfer negates the negative effects of excessive HQ control and positively affects competency in subsidiaries. Second, there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the local (host-country) experiences of subsidiaries and competency in foreign subsidiaries. This means that foreign subsidiaries can overcome the liabilities of foreignness and contribute to capability building by accumulating unique knowledge about their host countries. However, if local experiences accumulate excessively beyond a certain point, then the host country-specific experiences of foreign subsidiaries will offset the benefits discussed above. Excessive local experiences not only increase organizational inertia, but also create a problem of goal incongruence due to information asymmetry between HQs and subsidiaries. Therefore, excessive local experiences have negative effects on competency in foreign subsidiaries. Originality/value - This study suggests the following implications. First, unlike existing studies based mainly on linear models, this study presents important theoretical implications in its focus on nonlinear models and its analysis of the effects of HQ control and local experiences on competency in foreign subsidiaries from perspectives of organizational learning theory and agency theory. Second, in terms of practical implications, the results of this study suggest that optimally raising levels of HQ control and managing the local experiences of subsidiaries without increasing organizational inertia is important for enhancing competency in foreign subsidiaries.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.409-419
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• 2001

The reference study was performed to investigate the nursing importance which was based a theoretical background related to horticultural therapy and to examine the possibility which horticultural therapy was applicable as a nursing intervention through analysis on a preceding study. The research subjects related to the areas of horticultural therapy which related as a nursing intervention, were psychological, physical, environmental, and psycho-social aspects. It is judged that the horticultural therapy is effective in treating depression, emotional disruption or anxiety. It seems to be also effective in increasing the muscular tension and, thereby, expanding the scope of joint movements. Such theories show that horticultural therapy may be a good alternative nursing means. Plants act to create a pleasant interior atmosphere by generating anion, controlling the temperature and humidity and purifying the air, and therefore, the horticultural therapy may be applied to clinic or environmental therapy. When horticultural therapy is used as a nursing intervention, patients' sociopsychological needs may be fulfilled. It has been found that horticultural therapy is instrumental in treating perceptive or emotional disruption, depression, loss of self-respect, disrupted everyday activities and social behaviors. In particular, horticultural therapy seems to be effective in managing chronic patients' crisis or improving life quality. Intervention method applied on a preceding study was activity therapy and scene therapy in the horticultural therapy The above findings suggest that the pro-environmental horticultural therapy is useful as a new paradigm of nursing or holistic nursing conducive to improvement of health. So, it is desirable to prove its effects by applying it in the clinic. In order to apply horticultural therapy as a nursing intervention, it will be necessary to educate nurses on principles and methods of horticultural therapy and encourage them to apply it in nursing and clinics. Moreover, it may well be necessary to develop landscape therapy as nursing intervention as well as a variety of horticultural therapy programs befitting the clinic conditions. On the other hand, we need to provide for some scientific ground for horticultural therapy through continued studies. In this regard, this study which focuses on patients' health improvement through change of environment. may well provide for a framework for such studies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Information Technology Applications Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.325-329
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• 2005

Vast amount of information is generated and shared in this active digital As the digital informatization is vividly going on now, most of documents are in digitalized forms, and this kind of information is on the increase. It is no exaggeration to say that this kind of newly created information and knowledge would affect the competitiveness and the future of our nation. In addition to that, a lot of investment is being made in information and knowledge based industries at national level and in reality, a lot of efforts are intensively made for research and development of human resources. It becomes easier in digital era to create and share the information as there are various tools that have been developed to create documents along with the internet, and as a result, the share of dual information is increasing day in and day out. At present, a lot of information that is provided online is actually being plagiarized or illegally copied. Specifically, it is very tricky to identify some plagiarism from tremendous amount of information because the original sentences can be simply restructured or replaced with similar words, which would make them look different from original sentences. This means that managing and protecting the knowledge start to be regarded as important, though it is important to create the knowledge through the investment and efforts. This dissertation tries to suggest new method and theory that would be instrumental in effectively detecting any infringement on and plagiarism of intellectual property of others. DICOM(Dynamic Incremental Comparison Method), a method which was developed by this research to detect plagiarism of document, focuses on realizing a system that can detect plagiarized documents and parts efficiently, accurately and immediately by creating positive and various detectors.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.27-47
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• 2009

Concepts of mediation and conciliation as alternative dispute resolutions are often confusingly used. As to what is meant by mediation and conciliation, there is no uniform legal definition. However, there has been a distinction between two methods of dispute settlement under the international law (UN Charter, WTO DSU, NAFTA, EU mediation directive, WIPO Mediation Rules) although there is no clear definition on the terms of mediation and conciliation. And also under the domestic law such as U.K, France, Germany, a clear distinction has been made between two terms. Mediation means a facilitated negotiation between two parties through the intervention of a third party. A third and neutral party (mediator) help the parties in dispute to find their solution by managing a certain mediation protocol and facilitating communication between the parties while in conciliation, a third party evaluative the case and can suggest the parties a legally non-binding solution. Once the parties accept it, it becomes binding between them. However, in the U.S,, it seems that there is no practical use of distinguishing mediation and conciliation. The term of mediation is more commonly used than the term of conciliation and it has two kinds of mediation such as facilitative and evaluative mediation. Korea's conciliation system is close to conciliation or evaluative mediation. In conclusion, what is distinct between mediation and conciliation is the role of third party. If a neutral third party takes a role of advisor or facilitator, then he or she may employ a proper protocol to help the parties to find themselves their solution (mediation) while if a neutral person plays a role of evaluator, then he or she listens to the parties and suggest a solution to them (conciliation).

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.420-430
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• 2000

Several caching schemes for realtime multimedia systems have been proposed, but they focus only on increasing the hit ratio without providing any means to utilize the saved disk bandwidth due to cache hits. One of the most important metrics in multimedia systems is the number of clients that the systems can service simultaneously guaranteeing Quality of Service(QoS). Preemptive but Safe Interval Caching(PSIC) was proposed as a caching scheme which makes it possible to provide deterministic QoS.. However, it has no ability to adapt to the change of system environments since it has no mechanism to change the cache size. In this paper, we present a new caching scheme, Dynamic Interval Caching(DIC), which maximizes the performance, regardless of the change of system environments, providing hiccup-free service, by managing memory buffers dynamically. And it is demonstrated that DIC allocates buffer cache optimally, by comparing with PSIC through trace-driven simulations.