• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.221-225
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• 1998

Malignant tumors of the breast with stromal multinucleated giant cells are rare entity of uncertain clinical significance. There have been few reports on the fine needle aspiration cytologic(FNAC) findings about these rare tumors. We report a FNAC case of invasive mammary carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells not only for its rare occurrence but in particular for its distinctive cytologic picture on aspirated material. The patient was a 40-year-old woman who presented with a right breast mass for one month. Mammography showed a well-demarcated rounded mass density without calcification. The aspirates of FNAC were highly cellular and two main cell types were seen; malignant epithelial cells and osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells. The carcinoma cells occurred singly or arranged in loose clusters with ill-defined cytoplasm, oval nuclei, coarse chromatin and small but distinct nucleoli. The multinucleated giant cells showed variable number of nuclei with prominent nucleoli and abundant dense oxyphilic cytoplasm. The immunocytochemical studies suggested that osteoclast-like giant cells were not of epithelial origin, but rather of histlocytic origin.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3101-3103
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• 2013

In Easter Island, population is composed by original habitants, the Rapa Nui culture and introduced people, mainly from continental Chile, who have a different ethnic origin. The aim of this research was to describe cancer frequency in resident population in Easter Island, and secondarily compare the findings with other islands of Polynesia and continental Chile. We reviewed the statistics of patients treated in Hanga Roa Hospital during the period 2006-2010, finding a total of 49 patients with cancer during the study. The most frequent cancers in Easter Island's people were breast cancer (8 cases), skin (8 cases), cervical (8 cases), lung (5 cases) and gastric (4 cases). According to gender, in females the most frequent cancer was breast, followed by skin and cervical, while in men, lung, prostate and hematopoietic cancers were the most frequent. Most cases of cervical cancer occurred in women of Rapa Nui ethnicity, while most skin cancers were found in non-Rapa Nui people. In case of the most common cancer in Easter Island, education (e.g. Papanicolaou and mammography screening) and prevention in the community (e.g. use sun block, avoid cigarettes) should be useful tools to reduce incidence.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제84권4호
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• pp.952-957
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• 2023

유방에 발생하는 점액성 지방육종은 극히 드문 유방의 악성종양이다. 저자들은 엽상종양의 과거력이 있는 44세 여자 환자에서 발생한 유방 점액성 지방육종의 1예를 보고하고 유방촬영술, 초음파, 자기공명영상의 영상 소견을 보고하고자 한다. 종양은 수술 전 영상검사에서 엽상종양의 재발로 오인되었으나 후향적으로 비교했을 때 점액성 지방육종과 엽상종양의 감별에 도움이 될 수 있는 초음파 소견을 고찰하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권18호
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• pp.8335-8338
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• 2016

Purpose: To make a comparison of single voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (SV-MRS) and dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) MRI for differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions in a sample of Iranian women. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 women with abnormal breast lesions detected in mammography, ultrasound, or clinical breast exam were examined with DCE and SV-MRS. tCho (total choline) resonance in MRS spectra was qualitatively evaluated and detection of a visible tCho peak at 3.2 ppm was defined as a positive finding for malignancy. Different types of DCE curves were persistent (type 1), plateau (type 2), and washout (type 3). At first, lesions were classified according to choline findings and types of DCE curve, finally being compared to pathological results as the standard reference. Results: this study included 19 patients with malignant lesions and 11 patients with benign ones. While 63.6 % of benign lesions (7 of 11) showed type 1 DCE curves and 36.4% (4 of 11) showed type 2, 57.9% (11of 19) of malignant lesions were type 3 and 42.1% (8 of 19) type 2. Choline peaks were detected in 18 of 19 malignant lesions and in 3 of 11 benign counterparts. 1 malignant and 8 benign cases did not show any visible resonance at 3.2 ppm so SV-MRS featured 94.7% sensitivity, 72.7 % specificity and 86.7% accuracy.Conclusions: The present findings indicate that a combined approach using MRS and DCE MRI can improve the specificity of MRI for differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.7607-7612
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• 2015

Aims: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of contralateral breast in patients with diagnosed breast cancer. A secondary objective was to determine accuracy of breast MRI in diagnosing multi-focal and multicentric lesions in the ipsilateral breast. Materials and Methods: Using a non-probability convenience sampling technique, patients with histopathologically diagnosed breast cancer with MRI of breast performed to exclude additional lesions were included. MRI findings were correlated with histopathology. In addition, follow-up imaging with mammography and ultrasound was also assessed for establishing stability of negative findings and for the detected of benign lesions. Results: Out of 157 MRI breast conducted during the period of 2008 to 2013, 49 were performed for patients with diagnosed breast cancer. The sample comprised of all females with mean age $50.7{\pm}11.0years$. The patient follow-up imaging was available for a period of 2-5 years. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of MRI in the detection of multifocal/multicenteric lesions was 85.7%, 88.8%, 60% and 96.6% respectively and for the detection of lesions in the contralateral breast were 100%, 97%, 83.3% and 100% respectively. Conclusions: Our study highlights the diagnostic performance and the added value of MRI in the detection of multifocal/multicenteric and contralateral malignant lesions. In patients with diagnosed breast cancer having dense breast parenchyma and with infiltrating lobular carcinoma as the index lesion MRI is particularly useful with excellent negative predictive value in the exclusion of additional malignant foci in the ipsilateral and contralateral breasts.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권20호
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• pp.8719-8724
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• 2014

Background: Breast cancer incidence is increasing among South Asian migrants to the United States (US). However, their utilization of cancer screening services is poor. This study characterizes attitudes of South Asians towards breast health and screening in a community sample. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) was conducted among South Asians (n=124) in New Jersey and Chicago. The following beliefs and attitudes towards breast cancer screening were assessed-health motivation, breast self-examination confidence, breast cancer susceptibility and fear, and mammogram benefits and barriers. Descriptive statistics and Spearman rank correlation coefficients were computed for HBM subscales. Findings: Mean age of participants was 36 years with an average 10 years stay in the US. Most women strived to care for their health ($3.82{\pm}1.18$) and perceived high benefits of screening mammography ($3.94{\pm}0.95$). However, they perceived lower susceptibility to breast cancer in the future ($2.30{\pm}0.94$). Conclusions: Increasing awareness of breast cancer risk for South Asian women may have a beneficial effect on cancer incidence because of their positive attitudes towards health and breast cancer screening. This is especially relevant because South Asians now constitute one of the largest minority populations in the US and their incidence of breast cancer is steadily increasing.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.5508-5512
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• 2015

서론: 인체 스파르가눔은 드물며, 기생부위는 일정치 않으나 주로 흉벽, 복벽, 대퇴 및 음낭 등의 피하조직 및 근육 사이 근막이며 그 외 안와, 흉강, 복강, 척수강 및 중추신경계에서 발생하기도 한다. 이중 유방 스파르가눔증은 드물다. 대상 및 방법: 저자는 76세의 여자 환자에서 감염된 물을 통해 생긴 3년 이상 유방에 움직이며 머무른 것으로 보이는 두 곳의 유방 스파르가눔증을 경험하였다. 환자는 뱀, 개구리 등을 생식하는 과거력은 없었으나 평소 약수를 즐겨마셨다. 유방암으로 오인하여, 이 유방 스파르가눔증에 대해 유방촬영술, 유방초음파, MRI, PDG PET/CT 등을 시행하였고, 외과적 절제술 시행하여 치료하였다. 결론: 인체 감염 경로는 크게 3 가지로, 첫째, 오염된 물을 섭취하는 경우, 둘째, 뱀, 개구리 등을 생식하는 경우, 셋째, 환부에 감염된 뱀, 개구리 근육을 부착하는 경우로, 이중 물에 의한 감염 보고는 국내에 거의 없다. 유방 스파르가눔증에 대해 유방초음파, MRI가 도움이 되는 것으로 알려져 있으나, 하나의 병변에 대해 유방촬영술, 유방초음파, MRI, FDG PET/CT 모두를 보고한 것은 현재 없다. 이에 병리 검사 결과, 영상결과와 더불어 관련된 문헌 고찰과 함께 알아보고자 한다.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제83권6호
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• pp.1385-1393
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• 2022

화생성 유방암은 상피성 암과 다양한 화생성 변화가 혼합된 형태의 암으로, 드물게 발생하나, 높은 재발률과 전이율을 보이는 공격적 성향을 가진 암이다. 연골성 분화를 보이는 화생성 암은 화생성 유방암의 아형 중에서도 상대적으로 드물게 발생하며, 다른 아형에 비해 비교적 좋은 예후를 보인다. 저자들은 연골성 분화를 보이는 화생성 유방암으로 진단된 3명의 환자의 영상의학적 소견을 다음과 같이 보고한다. 유방촬영상 무정형 또는 거친 불균질한 석회화를 동반한 고밀도 종괴를 보이고 초음파상 미세소엽형 또는 불분명한 경계를 가진 복합성 낭성 및 고형성 종괴(complex cystic and solid mass)로 보인다. 자기공명영상에서 비교적 경계가 분명한 또는 부분적으로 경계가 불분명한 종괴로, T2 강조영상에서 비균질한 고신 호강도를 보이고, 빠른 초기 조영증강 및 말기 세척형의 신호강도 감소를 동반한 비균질한 조영증강이나 가장자리 조영증강을 보인다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1240-1252
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• 2021

Objective: To compare the accuracy for detecting breast cancer in the diagnostic setting between the use of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), defined as DBT alone or combined DBT and digital mammography (DM), and the use of DM alone through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: Ovid-MEDLINE, Ovid-Embase, Cochrane Library and five Korean local databases were searched for articles published until March 25, 2020. We selected studies that reported diagnostic accuracy in women who were recalled after screening or symptomatic. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. A bivariate random effects model was used to estimate pooled sensitivity and specificity. We compared the diagnostic accuracy between DBT and DM alone using meta-regression and subgroup analyses by modality of intervention, country, existence of calcifications, breast density, Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System category threshold, study design, protocol for participant sampling, sample size, reason for diagnostic examination, and number of readers who interpreted the studies. Results: Twenty studies (n = 44513) that compared DBT and DM alone were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.86-0.93) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84-0.94), respectively, for DBT, which were higher than 0.76 (95% CI 0.68-0.83) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.73-0.89), respectively, for DM alone (p < 0.001). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.95 (95% CI 0.93-0.97) for DBT and 0.86 (95% CI 0.82-0.88) for DM alone. The higher sensitivity and specificity of DBT than DM alone were consistently noted in most subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Conclusion: Use of DBT was more accurate than DM alone for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Women with clinical symptoms or abnormal screening findings could be more effectively evaluated for breast cancer using DBT, which has a superior diagnostic performance compared to DM alone.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10643-10646
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• 2015

Background: To study the relationship between mammographic findings and clinical/pathologic features in women with 1-15mm sized invasive breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We investigated a consecutive series of 134 cases diagnosed in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital in 2007. Mammographic findings were classified into five groups as follows :1) stellate mass without calcification; 2) non-stellate mass without calcification; 3) intermediate suspicious calcification with or without associated mass; 4) higher probability malignant calcification with or without associated mass; 5) focal asymmetry/distortion without associated calcification. Associations between mammographic and clinical/pathological features (menopause status/family history/histologic grade/lymph node status and ER/PR/HER2 status) was analyzed through logistic regression and chi square tests. Results: Compared to the stellate mass without calcification group, higher probability malignant calcification patients were associated significantly with a positive lymph node status, always presenting in patients who were non-menopausal and with a family history of carcinoma. Conclusions: Higher probability malignant calcifications with or without associated tumor masses are associated with clinical/pathologic features of poor prognosis.