• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.194-204
• /
• 2009

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and fertility restoration have been utilized as valuable tools for $F_1$-hybrid seed production in many crops despite laborious breeding processes. Molecular markers for the selection of CMS-related genes help reduce the expenses and breeding times. A previously reported genomic region containing the Ppr-B gene, which is responsible for restoration of fertility and corresponds to the Rfo locus, was used to develop gene-based or so-called "functional" markers for allelic selection of the restorer-of-fertility gene (Rfo) in $F_1$-hybrid breeding of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Polymorphic sequences among Rfo alleles of diverse breeding lines of radish were examined by sequencing the Ppr-B alleles. However, presence of Ppr-B homolog, designated as Ppr-D, interferes on specific PCR amplification of Ppr-B in certain breeding lines. The organization of Ppr-D, resolved by genome walking, revealed extended homology with Ppr-B even in the promoter region. Interestingly, PCR amplification of Ppr-D was repeatedly unsuccessful in certain breeding lines implying the lack of Ppr-D in these radishes. Ppr-B could only be successfully amplified for analysis through designing primers based on the sequences unique to Ppr-B that exclude interference from Ppr-D gene. Four variants of Rfo alleles were identified from 20 breeding lines. A combination of three molecular markers was developed in order to genotype the Rfo locus based on polymorphisms among four different variants. These markers will be useful in facilitating $F_1$-hybrid cultivar development in radish.

• Plant Resources
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.136-140
• /
• 2004

Co-segregation of male fertility with DNA markers selected by RAPD analysis as being potentially linked to the restorer gene (Rf) for Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) was analyzed using segregating F2 population. One RAPD marker directly linked to the Rf locus was identified. Amplification of OPT-02/570 using the STS primers generated a monomorphic band of each fertile plants randomly selected F2 progenies. From these results, this specific marker would be strongly linked to be restoring gene. The use of STS marker is effective in overcoming the reliability of the RAPD phenotype and improving their utility for MAS, co-dominant STS markers are especially very useful.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.793-800
• /
• 2016

Most hinnies (female donkey${\times}$male horse) and mules (female horse${\times}$male donkey) are sterile with few reports of equine fertile hybrids. The main cause of this sterility is thought to be a meiotic block to spermatogenesis and oogenesis. This study compared the developmental features of the testes and a histological analyses of spermatogenesis in a male hinny with those of a normal, fertile stallion and Jack donkey. Hinny testes showed a thicker tunica albuginea, fewer blood vessels and more connective tissue in the testis parenchyma than those of the stallion and Jack donkey. Although the mean number of seminiferous tubules was significantly higher in stallion and hinny than Jack donkey (p<0.01), the mean proportion of seminiferous tubules was lower in the hinny (p<0.01) which resulted in a smaller diameter of seminiferous tubules. The mean number of spermatogonia and spermatocytes per unit area were significantly lower in hinny testis (p<0.01) and no spermatids or mature spermatozoa cells were found during immunofluorescent analyses. These results indicated that defects in seminiferous tubule development and structure occur in the testis of hinnies. Furthermore, most spermatogonia and spermatocytes cease development in synapsis during mid-meiosis of spermatocytes, which results in a block to spermatogenesis that prevents the formation of spermatids and matured spermatozoa during meiosis in male hinnies.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.28
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2010

Selection procedures for breeding lines resistant to both bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and Phytophthora blight caused by P. capsici were executed to generations from $F_2$ and $BC_1F_1$ to $F_4$ and $BC_1F_3$ of crosses between a Phytophthora resistant breed, 'Chilbok No. 1' and bacterial wilt resistant accessions introduced from Vietnam during 2009 and 2010. The breeding populations or lines were tested for resistance to P. capsici and resistant plants were selected. The resistant selections were inoculated with R. solanacearum to discard susceptible plants. Resistance to P. capsici was conspicuously improved by selection from $F_2$ and $BC_1F_1$ and the final selections showed a similar level of resistance to P. capsici as a commercial Phytophthora resistant cultivar, Muhanjilju. A few $BC_1F_2$ selections were crossed to a cytoplasmic male sterile line, Chilbok-A, to identify their nuclear genotype interacting with male sterile cytoplasm. Majority of them was fixed to maintainer (Nrfrf) and only two resulted segregating into male sterile and male fertile plants indicating that the pollen parents were heterozygous in the fertility-restoring gene.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.473-475
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to restore the fertility by suppression of male sterility-induced gene using an antisense construct. Tobacco (cv. Petit Havana SR1) was transformed with the binary vector containing a GBAN215-6 promoter, an antisense diphtheria toxin (DTx-A) gene (pKDA215b) and a hygromycin resistant gene. Seventy-six confirmed transgenic plants regenerated from leaf disks were designated as the $R_0$ generation and selfed to produce the $R_1$ generation. From the inheritance study, five $R_1$ lines with multiple copies of the antisense construct were selected and selfed to identify homozygosity for the antisense construct. In order to restore fertility and finally to select restore lines, five $R_2$ lines with multiple copies of the antisense construct were crossed with male sterile plants. From these crosses, three different phenotypes have been observed: completely restored, partially restored, and not restored pollens, and otherwise tobacco plants were phenotypically same as normal plants. These plants were scored for the degree of restoration and selected for further study.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 1980

To facilitate the heterosis breeding which utilizes cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile lines in rape (Brassica napus L.), 511 improved domestic lines were tested for their fertility restoration, maintaining ability and heterosis expression in agronomic characters. About 81 % of 511 lines showed complete fertility restoration and 11 lines could be used as maintainer of male sterility. All yield components except pod length showed greater heterotic effects than that of midparent in $F_1$. These heterotic effects resulted in extraordinary yielding ability as high as 5.6 T/ha in several $F_1$`s.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.28
• /
• pp.17-23
• /
• 2010

Selection procedures for breeding genic male sterile lines for resistance to both Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsici and bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas euvesicatoria were executed to $F_3$ and $F_4$ generations derived from a cross between a Phytophthora resistant genic male sterile (GMS) breeding line and a bacterial spot and Phytophthora resistant breeding line. Resistance to P. capsici was originally introduced from KC294(CM334) and KC263(AC2258), the well-known sources of resistance to P. capsici. Resistance to bacterial spot was introduced from KC47(PI244670). GMS lines with high resistance to P. capsici were obtained and the selected lines are expected to be quantitatively resistant also to bacterial spot.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.85-90
• /
• 1997

This study was carried out to clarify the cause of incompatibility in interspecific hybrid plant between Panax ginseng and p. quinquefolium. The floral structure of F,(p.g. x p.q.) hybrid was normal because the redundant anther was 0.2 mm longer than pistil in Fl hybrid and the size and structure of redundant carpel in F, hybrid were similar to P. ginseng and p. quiquefolium Pollens of $F_1$ hybrid did not germinate on stigma of P-quinquefolium but germinated well on stigma of P. ginseng. Pollen tube was able to penetrate styles completely and seed harvest rate was 16.8% in field. However on stigma of $F_1$ hybrid, Pollen did not germinate when P. ginseng was used as male Parent. In addition, the growth of pollen tube was halted on style and seed was not set when P qlfinquefoEi2a was used as male Parent. These suggest that the inhibitor of pollen germination present on stigma caused $F_1$ hybrid sterility. It took 5 hours for pollen grains to germinate, 12 hours to arrive at in trance of ovule, 16 hours to penetrate micropyles in Panax ginseng.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.281-288
• /
• 2007

Photoperiod sensitive genetic male sterile (PGMS) rice is sterile mutant controlled by photoperiod. A PGMS mutant 920S was sterile grown under long-day (LD) photoperiod (14 h light/10 h dark) but fertile grown under short-day (SD) photoperiod (10 h light/14 h dark). Proteome analysis revealed that 12 protein spots were differentially expressed in the spikelets of 920S plants either treated with LD or SD photoperiod. Among these proteins, three proteins including chlorophyll a/b binding protein, vacuolar ATPase ${\beta}-subunit,\;{\alpha}-tubulin$ and an unknown protein were more than three-fold abundant in the spikelet of the SD-treated plants than those of the LD-treated plants. On the other hand, eight proteins including acetyl transferase, 2, 3- biphosphoglycerate, aminopeptidase N, pyruvate decarboxylase, 60S acidic ribosomal protein and three unknown protein spots were more abundant in the spikelets of the LD-treated plants than those of the SD-treated plants. The results suggest that the observed proteins may be involved in sterile or fertile pollen development under LD or SD photoperiod respectively in the PGMS mutant rice.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.287-294
• /
• 1995

A male patient with subnormal intelligence and schizoaffective symptoms was confirmed to have Klinefelter's syndrome with the karyotype of 47,XXY by the chromosomal analysis. He was shown to have a peculiar appearance of tall height, long extremities, gynecomastia and small ears. The hormonal study revealed decreased testosterone and increased FSH concentrations in the serum of the patient. He was also found to have small testes by the ultrasonography, which seemed to be sterile by the semen analysis. We reported this rare case and reviewed related articles.